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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Zheng Wang, Ning Sun, Yanshi Ding, Zhiguo Schober, Robert Karagiannidis, George K. Wong, Vincent W.S. Dobre, Octavia A. Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350117 China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates University of Manchester ManchesterM1 9BB United Kingdom Germany Group Electrical & Computer Engineering Dept. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54 124 Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Memorial University St. John’sNL Canada

Flexible-antenna systems, such as fluid antennas and movable antennas, have been recognized as key enabling technologies for sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, as they can intelligently reconfigure the effective channel gains of the users and hence significantly improve their data transmission capabilities. However, existing flexible-antenna systems have been designed to combat small-scale fading in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions. As a result, they lack the ability to establish line-of-sight links, which are typically 100 times stronger than NLoS links. In addition, existing flexible-antenna systems have limited flexibility, where adding/removing an antenna is not straightforward. This article introduces an innovative flexible-antenna system called pinching antennas, which are realized by applying small dielectric particles to waveguides. We first describe the basics of pinching-antenna systems and their ability to provide strong LoS links by deploying pinching antennas close to the users as well as their capability to scale up/down the antenna system. We then focus on communication scenarios with different numbers of waveguides and pinching antennas, where innovative approaches to implement multiple-input multiple-output and non-orthogonal multiple access are discussed. In addition, promising 6G-related applications of pinching antennas, including integrated sensing and communication and next-generation multiple access, are presented. Finally, important directions for future research, such as waveguide deployment and channel estimation, are highlighted. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel estimation

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GLOBAL INTERNAL STABILIZABILITY DOES NOT IMPLY GLOBAL EXTERNAL STABILIZABILITY FOR SMALL SENSOR DISTURBANCES

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC control 1995年第12期40卷 2119-2122页

作者： FREEMAN, R Center for Control Engineering and Computation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

It was shown in [1] that for control-affine nonlinear systems, global asymptotic stabilizability via continuous state feedback implies global input-to-state stabilizability with respect to actuator disturbances. We show that the analogous result for sensor disturbances does not hold: we construct a second-order system which admits a continuous memoryless globally asymptotically stabilizing state feedback controller but for which no such controller can prevent finite escape times from every initial condition in the presence of small sensor disturbances.

关键词： Asymptotic stability Actuators Sensor systems control systems Nonlinear systems Nonlinear control systems State feedback Robust stability control theory Working environment noise

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Tracking controllers for systems linear in the unmeasured states

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AUTOMATICA 1996年第5期32卷 735-746页

作者： Freeman, RA Kokotovic, PV [a] Center for Control Engineering and Computation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 U.S.A.

We introduce a class of extended strict feedback nonlinear systems in which unmeasured states enter the system equations in a linear (affine) fashion. For such systems, we present a procedure for constructing dynamic partial state feedback controllers that achieve the global asymptotic tracking of given reference trajectories while maintaining internal boundedness. The controller dynamic order is equal to the number of unmeasured states. To illustrate our design procedure, we construct such a tracking controller for a nonlinear electromechanical rotor/platform system. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： nonlinear systems global stability tracking disturbance rejection dynamic output feedback Lyapunov methods

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Switching Multiplicative Watermark Design Against Covert Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gallo, Alexander J. Anand, Sribalaji C. Teixeira, Andre M.H. Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Department of Information Technology Uppsala University PO Box 337 UppsalaSE-75105 Sweden Delft Center for Systems and Control Mechanical Engineering TU Delft Delft Netherlands

Active techniques have been introduced to give better detectability performance for cyber-attack diagnosis in cyber-physical systems (CPS). In this paper, switching multiplicative watermarking is considered, whereby we propose an optimal design strategy to define switching filter parameters. Optimality is evaluated exploiting the so-called output-to-output gain of the closed loop system, including some supposed attack dynamics. A worst-case scenario of a matched covert attack is assumed, presuming that an attacker with full knowledge of the closed-loop system injects a stealthy attack of bounded energy. Our algorithm, given watermark filter parameters at some time instant, provides optimal next-step parameters. Analysis of the algorithm is given, demonstrating its features, and demonstrating that through initialization of certain parameters outside of the algorithm, the parameters of the multiplicative watermarking can be randomized. Simulation shows how, by adopting our method for parameter design, the attacker’s impact on performance diminishes. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Networked control systems

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Fundamental design tradeoffs in filtering, prediction, and smoothing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC control 1997年第9期42卷 1240-1251页

作者： Goodwin, GC Seron, MM Centre for Integrated Dynamics and Control Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Newcastle NSW Australia Center for Control Engineering and Computation University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

This paper examines fundamental design tradeoffs that apply to all linear filtering, prediction, and smoothing problems, We introduce sensitivity functions that quantify filter performance, and we show that their frequency response satisfies constraints imposed by unstable poles and nonminimum phase zeros of the system, The constraints allow one to determine, a priori, whether or not a desired filter performance is attainable and how different arrangements of the measurement system influence the achievable performance.

关键词： Bode limits linear filtering performance limits

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3D printing of self-powered triboelectric intelligent system with enhanced output performance for material identification via machine learning

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 515卷

作者： Huang, Bingyu Xu, Kailong Zhang, Xiaofei Zhang, Yongcheng Long, Yun-Ze Ge, Shuzhi Sam Wei, Xiangxia School of Automation Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & Devices College of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China College of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao266071 China Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted global attention for energy conversion from various types of mechanical energy into electricity. Traditional approaches for improving triboelectric conversion efficiency generally involved complicated preparation methods and strict structural design, which cannot fulfill the stringent requirements of material adaptability and application scenarios. In this work, a flexible TENG was developed based on zirconium-doped barium titanate (BaZrxTi1−xO3, BZT) particles in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Subsequently, BZT/PDMS composites with patterned structures were fabricated by direct ink writing (DIW) based three-dimensional (3D) printing to significantly enhance the electrical performance. It was demonstrated that the TENG could deliver a maximum open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 350 V and a short-circuit current (ISC) of 4.9 µA with a maximum power density of 2.4 W m−2. Moreover, an effective utilization of the TENG was designed to detect the presence of humans, saving a huge amount of electrical energy. Finally, a TENG-based tactile sensor was integrated with machine learning to construct a material identification system, which was capable of recognizing different materials with a high accuracy of 98.54 %. The TENG-based tactile sensor with machine learning demonstrated a tremendous application in material perception, promoting the development of versatile sensors in the field of machine intelligence. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Liquid crystals

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Hand Gesture Recognition from an Open-Set Perspective

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Zhou, Jun Xu, Chi Cheng, Li China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Vision and Learning Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada

Existing hand gesture recognition methods predominantly rely on a close-set assumption, which in essence limits the viewpoints, gesture categories, and hand shapes at test time to closely resemble those seen during training. This requirement is however rarely met in practice, as images are often captured from unconstrained viewpoints, with novel gestures and unseen hand shapes that can differ significantly from the training data. This motivates us to investigate an open-set hand gesture recognition problem, where hand gestures are still recognizable from unconstrained viewpoints, and novel gesture classes and hand shapes can be incrementally learned with just a few examples. To address this, we propose a viewpoint influence elimination network that extracts view-independent features, significantly improving performance in scenarios with unconstrained viewpoints. Moreover, a joint-weighted classification scheme is introduced to augment the cosine similarity metric for evaluating few-shot incremental learning of novel gestures and shapes. Finally, as existing hand gesture recognition datasets primarily adhere to the close-set assumption, a new hand gesture recognition dataset, OHG, is introduced in this paper, that includes a wide range of viewpoints, diverse gesture classes, and distinct hand shapes. Experimental hand gesture recognition results demonstrate the superior performance of our approach in both unconstrained viewpoint and few-shot incremental learning scenarios. The source code and the OHG dataset are to be made available at https://***/zhoujun-7/OSHGR. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Palmprint recognition

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Stealthy Attacks on Sampled-Data control and Encryption-Based Countermeasures

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年

作者： Shang, Jun Li, Yuzhe Chen, Tongwen Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai200092 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110004 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada

This paper investigates stealthy attacks on sampled-data control systems, where a continuous process is sampled periodically, and the resultant discrete output and control signals are transmitted through dual channels in wireless communication networks. Acknowledging the vulnerability of these transmitted data to cyber threats, we analyze two types of stealthy attacks that compromise either one or both channels. We explicitly present the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of stealthy single-channel attacks. To mitigate these security risks, we implement encryption-based countermeasures, including linear time-invariant and periodic encryption methods. We detail sufficient conditions under which these encryption strategies effectively thwart single- and dual-channel stealthy attacks. The effectiveness of these approaches and the theoretical findings are demonstrated through numerical simulations. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Multimodal Emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Facial Features and Cross-Modal Attention 26

Multimodal Emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Scale Facial F...

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26th International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2025

作者： Bao, Chengao Chen, Luefeng Li, Min Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China School of Automation Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6R 2G7 Canada Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226-8502 Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo226-8502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521950

A multi-modal emotion recognition method based on facial multi-scale features and cross-modal attention (MS-FCA) network is proposed. The MSFCA model improves the traditional single-branch ViT network into a two-branch ViT architecture by using classification tokens in each branch to interact with picture embeddings in the other branch, which facilitates effective interactions between different scales of information. Subsequently, audio features are extracted using ResNet18 network. The cross-modal attention mechanism is used to obtain the weight matrices between different modal features, making full use of inter-modal correlation and effectively fusing visual and audio features for more accurate emotion recognition. Two datasets are used for the experiments: eNTERFACE'05 and REDVESS dataset. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method on the eNTERFACE'05 and REDVESS datasets is 85.42% and 83.84% respectively, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Modal analysis

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Privacy-Aware Joint DNN Model Deployment and Partition Optimization for Delay-Efficient Collaborative Edge Inference

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Zhipeng Xia, Xiaoyu Wang, Hong Liwang, Minghui Chen, Ning Fan, Xuwei Wang, Xianbin School of Future Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou215006 China School of Computing Technologies RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Qingdao China College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Edge inference (EI) is a key solution to address the growing challenges of delayed response times, limited scalability, and privacy concerns in cloud-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference. However, deploying DNN models on resource-constrained edge devices faces more severe challenges, such as model storage limitations, dynamic service requests, and privacy risks. This paper proposes a novel framework for privacy-aware joint DNN model deployment and partition optimization to minimize long-term average inference delay under resource and privacy constraints. Specifically, the problem is formulated as a complex optimization problem considering model deployment, user-server association, and model partition strategies. To handle the NP-hardness and future uncertainties, a Lyapunov-based approach is introduced to transform the long-term optimization into a single-time-slot problem, ensuring system performance. Additionally, a coalition formation game model is proposed for edge server association, and a greedy-based algorithm is developed for model deployment within each coalition to efficiently solve the problem. Extensive simulations show that the proposed algorithms effectively reduce inference delay while satisfying privacy constraints, outperforming baseline approaches in various scenarios. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential privacy

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