Although the relationship between anesthesia and consciousness has been investigated for decades, our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of anesthesia and consciousness remains rudimentary, which limits...
详细信息
Although the relationship between anesthesia and consciousness has been investigated for decades, our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of anesthesia and consciousness remains rudimentary, which limits the development of systems for anesthesia monitoring and consciousness evaluation. Moreover, the current practices for anesthesia monitoring are mainly based on methods that do not provide adequate information and may present obstacles to the precise application of anesthesia. Most recently, there has been a growing trend to utilize brain network analysis to reveal the mechanisms of anesthesia, with the aim of providing novel insights to promote practical application. This review summarizes recent research on brain network studies of anesthesia, and compares the underlying neural mechanisms of consciousness and anesthesia along with the neural signs and measures of the distinct aspects of neural activity. Using the theory of cortical fragmentation as a starting point, we introduce important methods and research involving connectivity and network analysis. We demonstrate that whole-brain multimodal network data can provide important supplementary clinical information. More importantly, this review posits that brain network methods, if simplified, will likely play an important role in improving the current clinical anesthesia monitoring systems.
The need for point-of-care health solutions and digital health interventions continues to increase, driven by an aging population and those displaced from the systemic impacts of environmental, infrastructural, and ec...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798331508180
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331508197
The need for point-of-care health solutions and digital health interventions continues to increase, driven by an aging population and those displaced from the systemic impacts of environmental, infrastructural, and economic factors. These demographic and social shifts are placing unprecedented strain on the healthcare system. In response to these challenges, digital health solutions are emerging, although data indicates low confidence among both consumers and healthcare professionals due to a lack of regulatory oversight compared to traditional medical systems. This research explores the use of augmented reality (AR) technology in physical therapy and rehabilitation as a potential digital health intervention. The focus is on improving upper limb and hand mobility. This study employs a digital engineering design process in collaboration with physical therapists and clinical researchers. The goal is to utilize data from the AR sensors to capture quantitative information about a patient's therapeutic progress. The Digital engineering framework presented can be applied for improving the validation and verification of technology-based digital health interventions, with the potential to enhance access to rehabilitation resources. Use-case and requirement diagrams are developed through close collaboration with physical therapy clinicians, to assess user engagement and therapeutic outcomes. Activity diagrams capture successive stages of improvement in the proposed system. The performance of the AR application in tracking joint angles and measuring mobility during prescribed gestures is evaluated against published normative values, highlighting the potential of this technology to improve upon manual measurement methods.
The weighted Kalman filter (WKF) can be per- ceived as a variant of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which incorporates the so-called weighted linearisation. The price behind such an extension is expressed by an incr...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350382655
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350382662
The weighted Kalman filter (WKF) can be per- ceived as a variant of the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which incorporates the so-called weighted linearisation. The price behind such an extension is expressed by an increased computational complexity, which aims at improving the overall convergence of the filter. Owing to the increased complexity, the WKF is in general not suitable for high-order nonlinear systems. To overcome this difficulty, the objective of this paper is to show that a closed-form expression of the WKF can be obtained for a specific class of nonlinear systems, i.e., those characterised by a quadratic state equation. This closed-form of the WKF scales well with the order of the system, enabling the application of the WKF to high-order nonlinear quadratic systems, as exemplified in the final part of the paper using a comprehensive Monte Carlo analysis applied to a large number of random systems.
Fuzzy utility mining considers high-utility fuzzy itemsets as valuable knowledge by integrating quantities of items, their profits, and meaningful fuzzy terms derived by quantities according to membership functions. I...
详细信息
Erasable-itemset mining has become a popular research topic and is usually used for product production planning in the industry. If some products in a factory may be removed without critically affecting production pro...
详细信息
Functionalized two-dimensional(2D)materials play an important role in both fundamental sciences and practical *** construction and precise control of patterns at the atomic-scale are necessary for selective and multip...
详细信息
Functionalized two-dimensional(2D)materials play an important role in both fundamental sciences and practical *** construction and precise control of patterns at the atomic-scale are necessary for selective and multiple *** we report the fabrication of monolayer pentasilver diselenide(Ag_(5)Se_(2)),a new type of intrinsically patterned 2D material,by direct selenization of a Ag(111)*** atomic arrangement is determined by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy(STM),low-energy electron diffraction(LEED),and density-functional-theory(DFT)***-scale STM images exhibit a quasi-periodic pattern of stoichiometric triangular domains with a side length of~15 nm and apical *** boundaries between triangular domains are *** of different molecules on the patterned Ag_(5)Se_(2) exhibits selective adsorption *** molecules preferentially adsorb on the boundaries,while tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ)molecules adsorb both on the boundaries and the triangular *** co-depositing pentacene and TCNQ molecules,we successfully construct molecular corrals with pentacene on the boundaries encircling TCNQ molecules on the triangular *** realization of epitaxial large-scale and high-quality,monolayer Ag_(5)Se_(2) extends the family of intrinsically patterned 2D materials and provides a paradigm for dual functionalization of 2D materials.
Differential signals are key in controlengineering as they anticipate future behavior of process variables and therefore are critical in formulating control laws such as proportional-integral-derivative(PID).The prac...
详细信息
Differential signals are key in controlengineering as they anticipate future behavior of process variables and therefore are critical in formulating control laws such as proportional-integral-derivative(PID).The practical challenge,however,is to extract such signals from noisy measurements and this difficulty is addressed first by *** in the form of linear and nonlinear tracking differentiator(TD).While improvements were made,TD did not completely resolve the conflict between the noise sensitivity and the accuracy and timeliness of the *** two approaches proposed in this paper start with the basic linear TD,but apply iterative learning mechanism to the historical data in a moving window(MW),to form two new iterative learning tracking differentiators(IL-TD):one is a parallel IL-TD using an iterative ladder network structure which is implementable in analog circuits;the other a serial IL-TD which is implementable digitally on any computer *** algorithms are validated in simulations which show that the proposed two IL-TDs have better tracking differentiation and de-noise performance compared to the existing linear TD.
This study proposes an anti-slip control system for electric trains based on the fuzzy logic theory, which prevents the wheels from slipping during the acceleration and simultaneously tracks the desired speed profile....
详细信息
The global development of electrical power and generation systems has been accelerated by regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve ecologically friendly energy sources. For the industry, designing an...
详细信息
The global development of electrical power and generation systems has been accelerated by regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve ecologically friendly energy sources. For the industry, designing an...
详细信息
暂无评论