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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chandan, Rahul Paccagnan, Dario Marden, Jason R. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center of Control Dynamical Systems and Computation UC Santa Barbara United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Center of Control Dynamical Systems and Computation UC Santa Barbara United States

Today's multiagent systems have grown too complex to rely on centralized controllers, prompting increasing interest in the design of distributed algorithms. In this respect, game theory has emerged as a valuable tool to complement more traditional techniques. The fundamental idea behind this approach is the assignment of agents' local cost functions, such that their selfish minimization attains, or is provably close to, the global objective. Any algorithm capable of computing an equilibrium of the corresponding game inherits an approximation ratio that is, in the worst case, equal to its price-of-anarchy. Therefore, a successful application of the game design approach hinges on the possibility to quantify and optimize the equilibrium performance. Toward this end, we introduce the notion of generalized smoothness, and show that the resulting efficiency bounds are significantly tighter compared to those obtained using the traditional smoothness approach. Leveraging this newly-introduced notion, we quantify the equilibrium performance for the class of local resource allocation games. Finally, we show how the agents' local decision rules can be designed in order to optimize the efficiency of the corresponding equilibria, by means of a tractable linear program. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear programming

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Eight Become One: the EURECA-PRO University Network

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BHM Berg- und Huttenmannische Monatshefte 2022年第10期167卷 462-471页

作者： Kircher, Volkmar Feiel, Susanne Bongaerts, Jan C. Sishchuk, Julia Drebenstedt, Carsten Lagoudakis, Michail Fragkedaki, Konstantina García-Llamas, Paula Suárez-Corona, Adriana Fernández-Raga, María Baelo-Álvarez, Roberto Górski, Marcin Pawelczyk, Marek Hochstein, Synnöve Walter, Stefanie Speck, Maria Ravas, Oana Van Hellemont, Elke Vancauwenbergh, Sadia Resources Innovation Center Leoben Montanuniversität Leoben Leoben Austria Public Relations Office International Relations and University Cooperation Montanuniversität Leoben Leoben Austria Faculty of Business Administration Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg Germany EURECA-PRO Head of work package education and studies Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg Germany EURECA-PRO Head of educational council Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg Germany School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Crete Chania Greece EURECA-PRO European University Technical University of Crete Chania Greece Department of General and Specific Didactics and Educational Theory University of León Leon24071 Spain Department of Mathematical Sciences Universidad de León León24071 Spain Department of Applied Physics University of León León24071 Spain Faculty of Civil Engineering Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Department of Measurements and Control Systems Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Fakultät Medien Hochschule Mittweida Mittweida Germany International Relation Office University of Petroşani Petroşani Romania Rector’s Office Hasselt University Hasselt Belgium Directorate Research Library and Internationalisation Hasselt University Hasselt Belgium

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12 is the foundation of the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production consortium (EURECA-PRO). This article introduces the eight EURECA-PRO partner universities: Montanuniversität Leoben (Austria), Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany), Technical University of Crete (Greece), University of León (Spain), Silesian University of Technology (Poland), Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany), University of Petroşani (Romania), and Hasselt University (Belgium). In addition, each university’s role within the alliance and unique research and study programmes are outlined. The synergy created by EURECA-PRO enables the pursuit of an ambitious research agenda with five research "Lighthouse Missions" as well as the implementation of joint study programmes. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Sustainable development

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Multimodal Whole Slide Foundation Model for Pathology

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ding, Tong Wagner, Sophia J. Song, Andrew H. Chen, Richard J. Lu, Ming Y. Zhang, Andrew Vaidya, Anurag J. Jaume, Guillaume Shaban, Muhammad Kim, Ahrong Williamson, Drew F.K. Chen, Bowen Almagro-Perez, Cristina Doucet, Paul Sahai, Sharifa Chen, Chengkuan Komura, Daisuke Kawabe, Akihiro Ishikawa, Shumpei Gerber, Georg Peng, Tingying Le, Long Phi Mahmood, Faisal Department of Pathology Mass General Brigham Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Data Science Program Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA United States Cancer Program Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT CambridgeMA United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Helmholtz Munich German Research Center for Environment and Health Munich Germany School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Pathology Pusan National University Busan Korea Republic of Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine AtlantaGA United States Harvard Data Science Initiative Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Preventive Medicine Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Division of Pathology National Cancer Center Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center Chiba Japan

The field of computational pathology has been transformed with recent advances in foundation models that encode histopathology region-of-interests (ROIs) into versatile and transferable feature representations via self-supervised learning (SSL). However, translating these advancements to address complex clinical challenges at the patient and slide level remains constrained by limited clinical data in disease-specific cohorts, especially for rare clinical conditions. We propose TITAN, a multimodal whole slide foundation model pretrained using 335,645 WSIs via visual self-supervised learning and vision-language alignment with corresponding pathology reports and 423,122 synthetic captions generated from a multimodal generative AI copilot for pathology. Without any finetuning or requiring clinical labels, TITAN can extract general-purpose slide representations and generate pathology reports that generalize to resource-limited clinical scenarios such as rare disease retrieval and cancer prognosis. We evaluate TITAN on diverse clinical tasks and find that TITAN outperforms both ROI and slide foundation models across machine learning settings such as linear probing, few-shot and zero-shot classification, rare cancer retrieval and cross-modal retrieval, and pathology report generation. The model is publicly accessible at https://***/mahmoodlab/TITAN © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Entanglement and Charge-Sharpening Transitions in U(1) Symmetric Monitored Quantum Circuits

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Physical Review X 2022年第4期12卷 041002-041002页

作者： Utkarsh Agrawal Aidan Zabalo Kun Chen Justin H. Wilson Andrew C. Potter J. H. Pixley Sarang Gopalakrishnan Romain Vasseur Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Materials Theory Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey 08854 USA Center for Computational Quantum Physics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New York New York 10010 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Monitored quantum circuits can exhibit an entanglement transition as a function of the rate of measurements, stemming from the competition between scrambling unitary dynamics and disentangling projective measurements. We study how entanglement dynamics in nonunitary quantum circuits can be enriched in the presence of charge conservation, using a combination of exact numerics and a mapping onto a statistical mechanics model of constrained hard-core random walkers. We uncover a charge-sharpening transition that separates different scrambling phases with volume-law scaling of entanglement, distinguished by whether measurements can efficiently reveal the total charge of the system. We find that while Rényi entropies grow sub-ballistically as t in the absence of measurement, for even an infinitesimal rate of measurements, all average Rényi entropies grow ballistically with time ∼t. We study numerically the critical behavior of the charge-sharpening and entanglement transitions in U(1) circuits, and show that they exhibit emergent Lorentz invariance and can also be diagnosed using scalable local ancilla probes. Our statistical mechanical mapping technique readily generalizes to arbitrary Abelian groups, and offers a general framework for studying dissipatively stabilized symmetry-breaking and topological orders.

关键词： Dynamical phase transitions Measurement-based quantum computing Open quantum systems Phase transitions Quantum channels Quantum entanglement Quantum gates Continuous symmetries in condensed matter

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Quantum repeaters: From quantum networks to the quantum internet

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Reviews of Modern Physics 2023年第4期95卷 045006-045006页

作者： Koji Azuma Sophia E. Economou David Elkouss Paul Hilaire Liang Jiang Hoi-Kwong Lo Ilan Tzitrin NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan and NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Information NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA QuTech Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 2628 CJ Delft The Netherlands and Networked Quantum Devices Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA and Quandela SAS 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert 91120 Palaiseau France Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L5 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

A quantum internet is the holy grail of quantum information processing, enabling the deployment of a broad range of quantum technologies and protocols on a global scale. However, numerous challenges must be addressed before the quantum internet can become a reality. Perhaps the most crucial of these is the realization of a quantum repeater, an essential component in the long-distance transmission of quantum information. As the analog of a classical repeater, extender, or booster, the quantum repeater works to overcome loss and noise in the quantum channels constituting a quantum network. Here the conceptual frameworks and architectures for quantum repeaters, as well as the experimental progress toward their realization, are reviewed. Various near-term proposals to overcome the limits to the communication rates set by point-to-point quantum communication are also discussed. Finally, the manner in which quantum repeaters fit within the broader challenge of designing and implementing a quantum internet is overviewed.

关键词： Quantum communication Quantum memories Quantum networks Quantum repeaters Internet

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Flow and elastic networks on the N-torus: Geometry, analysis, and computation

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Jafarpour, Saber Huang, Elizabeth Y. Smith, Kevin D. Bullo, Francesco Center for Control Dynamical Systems and Computation Departments of Mechanical Engineering and of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara

Networks with phase-valued nodal variables are central in modeling several important societal and physical systems, including power grids, biological systems, and coupled oscillator networks. One of the distinctive features of phase-valued networks is the existence of multiple operating conditions corresponding to critical points of an energy function or feasible flows of a balance equation. For a network with phase-valued states, it is not yet fully understood how many operating conditions exist, how to characterize them, and how to compute them efficiently. A deeper understanding of feasible operating conditions, including their dependence upon network structures, may lead to more reliable and efficient network systems. This paper introduces flow and elastic network problems on the n-torus and provides a rigorous and comprehensive framework for their study. Based on a monotonicity assumption, this framework localizes the solutions, bounds their number, and leads to an algorithm to compute them. Our analysis is based on a novel winding partition of the n-torus into winding cells, induced by Kirchhoff's angle law for undirected graphs. The winding partition has several useful properties, including notably that, each winding cell contains at most one solution. The proposed algorithm is based on a novel contraction mapping and is guaranteed to compute all solutions. Finally, we apply our results to numerically study the active power flow equations in several test cases and estimate power capacity and congestion of a power network. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Winding

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Energy-Efficient Cell-Free Massive MIMO Through Sparse Large-Scale Fading Processing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Chen, Shuaifei Zhang, Jiayi Björnson, Emil Demir, Özlem Tuğfe Ai, Bo The School of Electronic and Information Engineering The Frontiers Science Center for Smart Highspeed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The Department of Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Kista164 40 Sweden The Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Networking and Data Analysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) systems serve the user equipments (UEs) by geographically distributed access points (APs) by means of joint transmission and reception. To limit the power consumption due to fronthaul signaling and processing, each UE should only be served by a subset of the APs, but it is hard to identify that subset. Previous works have tackled this combinatorial problem heuristically. In this paper, we propose a sparse distributed processing design for CF mMIMO, where the AP-UE association and long-term signal processing coefficients are jointly optimized. We formulate two sparsity-inducing mean-squared error (MSE) minimization problems and solve them by using efficient proximal approaches with block-coordinate descent. For the downlink, more specifically, we develop a virtually optimized large-scale fading precoding (V-LSFP) scheme using uplink-downlink duality. The numerical results show that the proposed sparse processing schemes work well in both uplink and downlink. In particular, they achieve almost the same spectral efficiency as if all APs would serve all UEs, while the energy efficiency is 2-4 times higher thanks to the reduced processing and signaling. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Fully Passive Quantum Key Distribution

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第22期130卷 220801-220801页

作者： Wenyuan Wang Rong Wang Chengqiu Hu Victor Zapatero Li Qian Bing Qi Marcos Curty Hoi-Kwong Lo Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Vigo Quantum Communication Center University of Vigo Vigo E-36310 Spain Escuela de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Vigo E-36310 Spain AtlanTTic Research Center University of Vigo Vigo E-36310 Spain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control (CQIQC) University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 1A7 Canada Cisco Systems San Jose California 95134 USA Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 1A7 Canada Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L5 Canada

We propose a fully passive linear optical quantum key distribution (QKD) source that implements both random decoy-state and encoding choices with postselection only, thus eliminating all side channels in active modulators. Our source is general purpose and can be used in, e.g., BB84, the six-state protocol, and reference-frame-independent QKD. It can even potentially be combined with measurement-device-independent QKD to achieve robustness against side channels in both detectors and modulators. We also perform a proof-of-principle experimental source characterization to show its feasibility.

关键词： Optical quantum information processing Quantum communication Quantum cryptography Quantum optics Quantum protocols

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Correction: PDMATLAB2D: A Peridynamics MATLAB Two-dimensional Code

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Journal of Peridynamics and Nonlocal Modeling 2024年第3期6卷 530-530页

作者： Seleson, Pablo Pasetto, Marco John, Yohan Trageser, Jeremy Reeve, Samuel Temple Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla USA George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Center for Control Dynamical Systems and Computation University of California at Santa Barbara Harold Frank Hall Room 5119 Santa Barbara USA Engineering Sciences Center Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque USA Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA

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引用

2nd International Conference on Advanced Data and Information engineering, DaEng 2015

作者： Lee, Kihwa Kim, Yeoneo Woo, Gyun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Pusan National University 30 Jangjeon-Dong Geumjeong-Gu Busan609-735 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Smart Control Center of LG Electronics Pusan Nat’l University Busan609-735 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9789811317972

A program consists of data structures and algorithms. However, most studies, up to now, for detecting plagiarism of source codes are suggesting lopsided analyses considering only the algorithms (or instructions) of the source codes. This paper introduces a method for measuring the similarity between data structures for detecting plagiarized source codes. The proposed method was experimented with test sets including plagiarized source codes. The experimental result shows that the similarities among the data structures of plagiarized source codes are high degree as expected. This result implies that the similarity on data structures, along with the similarity on algorithms, is also one of the main factors to the decrease false alarms by lowering the threshold for the plagiarism. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019.

关键词： Static analysis

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