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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： B. Smolka K.N. Plataniotis R. Lukac A.N. Venetsanopoulos Department of Automatic Control Silesian University of Technology Poland The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada Slovak Image Processing Center Dobsina Slovakia Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada

The paper presents a new filtering scheme for the removal of impulsive noise in color images. It is based on estimating the probability density function for color pixels in a filter window by means of the kernel density estimation method. A quantitative comparison of the proposed filter with the vector median filter shows its excellent ability to reduce noise while simultaneously preserving fine image details.

关键词： Noise reduction Filters Kernel Colored noise Color Histograms Filtering Probability density function Shape Multidimensional systems

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

In this paper a novel approach to the problem of impulsive noise removal in color images based on the nonparametric density estimation is presented. The basic idea behind the new image filtering technique is the maximization of the similarities between pixels in a predefined filtering window. The new method is faster than the standard vector median filter and preserves better edges and fine image details. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms other standard algorithms of the reduction of impulsive noise in color images.

关键词： Colored noise Color Filtering Pixel Strontium Educational institutions Image processing Noise reduction Nonlinear filters Gray-scale

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Noise reduction in DNA microarray images based on digital path approach

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第15期36卷 17-22页

作者： Bogdan Smolka Konstantinos N. Plataniotis Rastislav Lukac Anastasios N. Venesanopoulos Department of Automatic Control Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Str. 44-101 Gliwice Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road Toronto Canada Slovak Image Processing Center Jarkova 343 049 25 Dobsina Slovak Republic

In this work we apply the new noise reduction method for the enhancement of the images of gene chips. We demonstrate that the new technique is capable of reducing various kinds of noise present in microarray images and that it enables efficient spot location and estimation of the gene expression level due to the smoothing effect and preservation of the spot edges. This paper contains the comparison of the new technique of noise reduction with the standard procedures used for the processing of vector valued images, as well as examples of the efficiency of the new algorithm when applied to typical cDNA microarray images.

关键词： adaptive digital filters image enhancement restoration smoothing

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New segmentation methods of the comet assay images

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第15期36卷 129-134页

作者： Bogdan Smolka Konstantinos N. Plataniotis Anastasios N. Venetsanopoulos Rastislav Lukac Department of Automatic Control Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Str. 44-101 Gliwice Poland. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road Toronto Canada. Slovak Image Processing Center Jarkova 343 049 25 Dobsina Slovak Republic

The single cell gel electrophoresis, called Comet Assay is a microelectrophoretic technique of direct visualization of DNA damage at the cell level. In the comet assay, the cells suspended in an agarose gel on a microscope slide are subjected to lysis, unwinding of DNA and electrophoresis. After staining with fluorescent DNA binding dye, cells with DNA damage display increased migration of genetic material from the cell nucleus. Under the influence of weak, static electric field, charged DNA migrates away from the nucleus forming a so called comet. The damage is quantified by measuring the amount of the genetic material, which migrates from the nucleus to form the comet tail. The foremost advantage of the comet assay is that it analyses individual cells, thus allowing the measurement of the heterogeneity of response within a cell population. In this paper we present three novel methods of the comet tail and head extraction.

关键词： Comet assay Image segmentation Medical applications Image enhancement

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Numerical tools for the study of instabilities within the positive-differential-resistance regions of tunneling devices

Numerical tools for the study of instabilities within the po...

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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： M.S. Lasater P. Zhao C.T. Kelley D.L. Woolard Center for Research in Scientific Computation and Department of Mathematics North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA U.S. Army Research Office U. S. Army Research Laboratory NC USA

This paper presents theoretical results on instability processes that occur in the positive-differential-resistance region of nanoscale tunneling structures and reports on efforts to development advanced numerical techniques for use in future optimization studies. These results were obtained from numerical implementations of the Wigner-Poisson electron transport model. Here, the primary focus of the reported research is on developing simulation methods that are adaptive to parallel-computing platforms. Together, these investigations demonstrate the high computational demands associated with modeling fully time-dependent phenomenon in resonant tunneling structures (RTS) and offer new numerical solutions for the rapid and efficient analysis of these types of problems. Furthermore, the simulation tools under development will enable future investigations into new quantum phenomenon that strongly influence instability processes in RTSs.

关键词： Oscillators Quantum well devices Resonant tunneling devices Frequency Power generation Military computing computational modeling Circuits Mathematics Laboratories

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Angular multichannel sigma filter

Angular multichannel sigma filter

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： R. Lukac B. Smolka K.N. Plataniotis A.N. Venetsanopoulos P. Zavarsky Slovak Image Processing Center Dobsina Slovak Republic Department of Automatic Control Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan

Adaptive nonlinear filtering methods are preferred in situations when it is necessary to adapt a filter behavior for varying signal and noise statistics. In the case of impulsive noise corruption, the problem is stated often as searching for the switching function that allows the filtering effect only to noisy samples. Thus, the undesired smoothing of non-corrupted image areas, which results in blurring, especially of small image structures and details, is reduced. We provide a new adaptive framework between a basic vector directional filter and an identity operation based on the angular multichannel definition of J.S. Lee's sigma filter (see Comp Vision, Graphics, Image Proc., vol.24, no.2, p.255-69, 1983).

关键词： Filtering Adaptive filters Color Smoothing methods Colored noise Noise reduction Image processing Strontium Educational institutions Programmable control

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New approach to the impulsive noise removal in microarray images

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第15期36卷 145-150页

作者： Rastislav Lukac Bogdan Smolka Konstantinos N. Plataniotis Anastasios N. Venetsanopoulos Slovak Image Processing Center. Jarkova 343. 049 25 Dobsina. Slovak Republic. Department of Automatic Control. Silesian University of Technology. Akademicka 16 Str. 44-101 Gliwice Poland The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. University of Toronto. 10 King's College Road Toronto Canada

In this paper a new method of impulsive noise reduction in microarray images is presented. The new technique is capable of attenuating impulsive noise, while preserving the sharpness of the image edges. Extensive simulations reveal that the new method outperforms significantly the standard techniques widely used in multivariate signal processing. In this work we apply the new noise reduction method for the enhancement of the images of the microarray chips. We demonstrate that the new technique is capable of reducing impulsive noise, which is very often present in the microarray images and that it enables efficient spot localization and estimation of the gene expression level, due to the smoothing effect and preservation of the spot edges. This paper contains the comparison of the efficiency of the new technique of noise reduction with the standard procedures used for the processing of vector valued images, as well as examples of the efficiency of the new algorithm when applied to typical microarray images.

关键词： Impulsive Noise Removal Multichannel lmage Smoothing Gene Chips

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Noisy heart sequences filtering by optimal median based operators

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2003年第15期36卷 311-316页

作者： Rasto Lukac Bogdan Smolka Pavol Zavarsky Kostas N. Plataniotis Anastasios N. Venetsanopoulos Slovak Image Processing Center Jarkova 343 049 25 Dobsina Slovak Republic Department of Automatic Control Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Str. 44-101 Gliwice Poland Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka 940-2188 Nagaoka Japan The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Road Toronto Canada

Bit errors and impulses introduced into cardiographic image sequences prohibit to process and evaluate the heart dynamics correctly. Thus, biomedical imaging such as vascular imaging and quantification of heart dynamics is closely related to digital filtering. We provide three-dimensional impulse detection based adaptive median filters designed to perform the optimal filtering situation, where the robust median filter affects only noisy samples, whereas the desired image features remains unchanged. The proposed method holds excellent preserving characteristics and takes the advantage of the superposition property despite the nonlinearity of the median filtering.

关键词： Detection Impulses Median Filters Optimal Filtering Sequences Smoothing

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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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Convexity in zero-sum differential games

Convexity in zero-sum differential games

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： R. Goebel Center for Control Engineering & Computation Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

A new approach to two-player zero-sum differential games with convex-concave cost function is presented. It employs the tools of convex and variational analysis. A necessary and sufficient condition on controls to be an open-loop saddle point of the game is given. Explicit formulas for saddle controls are derived in terms of the subdifferential of the function conjugate to the cost. Existence of saddle controls is concluded under very general assumptions, not requiring the compactness of control sets. A Hamiltonian inclusion, new to the field of differential games, is shown to describe equilibrium trajectories of the game.

关键词： Cost function Open loop systems Sufficient conditions Differential equations control engineering control engineering computing Integral equations

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