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A novel contact engineering method for transistors based on two-dimensional materials

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第10期69卷 15-19页

作者： Yaochen Sheng LuFang Zhang Feng Li Xinyu Chen Zhijian Xie Haiyan Nan Zihan Xu David Wei Zhan Jianhao Chen Yong Pu Shaoqing Xiao Wenzhong Bao State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics&SystemsSchool of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications(Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province&School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Six Carbon Tech ShenzhenShenzhen 518106China

Contact engineering is of critical importance for two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based ***,there are only a few solutions to overcome this obstacle because of the complexity of the TMD-contact *** this work,we propose a novel method using a soft plasma treatment followed by the seamless deposition of a metal electrode to reduce the contact resistance of MoS_(2)field effect transistors(FETs).The treated FETs exhibit three times higher mobility than the control FETs without plasma *** soft plasma treatment can remove the facial sulfur atoms and expose the middle Mo atoms so that they come into direct contact with the metal electrode,thus greatly improving the contact ***-principles calculation is also performed to support the experimental *** potentially scalable strategy can be extended to the whole family of TMD based FETs to provide a possible route of device processsing technology for 2D device application.

关键词： Electrical contact resistance MoS_(2) Plasma

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Effects of atmospheric transparency on Telescope Array air shower analysis 38

Effects of atmospheric transparency on Telescope Array air s...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Mizuno, K. Tomida, T. Yamazaki, K. Abbasi, R.U. Abe, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Arai, Y. Arimura, R. Barcikowski, E. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Blake, S.A. Buckland, I. Cheon, B.G. Chikawa, M. Fedynitch, A. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fujiwara, R. Fukushima, M. Furlich, G. Gerber, Z. Globus, N. Hanlon, W. Hayashida, N. He, H. Hibi, R. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Honda, K. Ikeda, D. Inoue, N. Ishii, T. Ito, H. Ivanov, D. Iwasaki, A. Jeong, H.M. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kasami, S. Kawakami, S. Kawata, K. Kharuk, I. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kimura, Y. Komae, I. Komori, K. Kusumori, Y. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Matsuyama, T. Matthews, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Mayta, R. Miyashita, K. Mizuno, K. Mori, M. Murakami, M. Myers, I. Nagataki, S. Nakai, K. Nakamura, T. Nishio, E. Nonaka, T. Ogio, S. Ohoka, H. Okazaki, N. Oku, Y. Okuda, T. Omura, Y. Onishi, M. Ono, M. Oshima, A. Oshima, H. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Park, K.Y. Potts, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rodriguez, D.C. Rott, C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Saito, R. Sakaki, N. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sato, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sekino, K. Shah, P.D. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shikita, J. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinto, D. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, K. Takamura, M. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tokuno, H. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsuda, R. Tsunesada, Y. Udo, S. Urban, F. Vaiman, I.A. Warren, D. Wong, T. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, K. Yoshida, F. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano Japan Mathematical and Physical Sciences Science and Engineering Chubu University Aichi Kasugai Japan Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano380-8554 Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112-0830 United States Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul426-791 Korea Republic of Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City115201 Taiwan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Kofu Yamanashi400-8511 Japan The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama338-8570 Japan Department of Physics SungKyunKwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo337-8570 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Physics

The Telescope Array (TA) experiment continues to observe Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) both with its original TA detectors as well as with the new TAx4 expansion detectors. These observations employ Fluorescence Detectors (FDs) to capture the air shower induced by the primary UHECRs. The FD observes fluorescence light emitted from atmospheric nitrogen molecules excited by air shower particles. Observation of the FD extends over tens of kilometers, and the fluorescence light is attenuated by scattering from atmospheric molecules and aerosols during the propagation process. Seasonal dependence was found when evaluating the attenuation of fluorescence by aerosols. We will report on the effects of this seasonal dependence on TA air shower analysis. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Fluorescence

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Excitation Spectrum and Superfluid Gap of an Ultracold Fermi Gas

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第10期128卷 100401-100401页

作者： Hauke Biss Lennart Sobirey Niclas Luick Markus Bohlen Jami J. Kinnunen Georg M. Bruun Thomas Lompe Henning Moritz Institut für Laserphysik Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany Department of Applied Physics Aalto University School of Science FI-00076 Aalto Finland Center for Complex Quantum Systems Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 120 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

Ultracold atomic gases are a powerful tool to experimentally study strongly correlated quantum many-body systems. In particular, ultracold Fermi gases with tunable interactions have allowed to realize the famous BEC-BCS crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of molecules to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid of weakly bound Cooper pairs. However, large parts of the excitation spectrum of fermionic superfluids in the BEC-BCS crossover are still unexplored. In this work, we use Bragg spectroscopy to measure the full momentum-resolved low-energy excitation spectrum of strongly interacting ultracold Fermi gases. This enables us to directly observe the smooth transformation from a bosonic to a fermionic superfluid that takes place in the BEC-BCS crossover. We also use our spectra to determine the evolution of the superfluid gap and find excellent agreement with previous experiments and self-consistent T-matrix calculations both in the BEC and crossover regime. However, toward the BCS regime a calculation that includes the effects of particle-hole correlations shows better agreement with our data.

关键词： BEC-BCS crossover Cold atoms & matter waves Cooper pairs Fermi gases Fermionic condensates Quasiparticles & collective excitations Superconducting gap Superconducting order parameter Superconductivity Superfluidity s-wave

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Excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate and the quantum geometry of a flat band

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Physical Review B 2021年第14期104卷 144507-144507页

作者： Aleksi Julku Georg M. Bruun Päivi Törmä Department of Applied Physics Aalto University P.O. Box 15100 00076 Aalto Finland Center for Complex Quantum Systems Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 120 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

The quantum geometry of Bloch states fundamentally affects a wide range of physical phenomena. The quantum Hall effect, for example, is governed by the Chern number, and flat-band superconductivity by the distance between the Bloch states: the quantum metric. While understanding quantum geometry phenomena in the context of fermions is well established, less is known about the role of quantum geometry in bosonic systems where particles can undergo Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). In conventional single-band or continuum systems, excitations of a weakly interacting BEC are determined by the condensate density and the interparticle interaction energy. In contrast to this, we discover here fundamental connections between the properties of a weakly interacting BEC and the underlying quantum geometry of a multiband lattice system. We show that, in the flat-band limit, the defining physical quantities of BEC, namely, the speed of sound and the quantum depletion, are dictated solely by the quantum geometry. We find that the speed of sound becomes proportional to the quantum metric of the condensed state. Furthermore, the quantum distance between the Bloch functions forces the quantum depletion and the quantum fluctuations of the density-density correlation to obtain finite values for infinitesimally small interactions. This is in striking contrast to dispersive bands where these quantities vanish with the interaction strength. Additionally, we show how in the flat-band limit the supercurrent is carried by the quantum fluctuations and is determined by the Berry connections of the Bloch states. Our results reveal how nontrivial quantum geometry allows reaching strong quantum correlation regime of condensed bosons even with weak interactions. This is highly relevant, for example, for polariton and photon BECs where interparticle interactions are inherently small. Our predictions can be experimentally tested with flat-band lattices already implemented in ultracold gases and va

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensates Geometric & topological phases Band structure methods Bose-Hubbard model Lattice models in condensed matter

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Origin of magnetically dead layers in spinel ferrites MFe2O4 grown on Al2O3: Effects of postdeposition annealing studied by XMCD

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Physical Review Materials 2023年第4期7卷 044413-044413页

作者： Yosuke Nonaka Yuki K. Wakabayashi Goro Shibata Shoya Sakamoto Keisuke Ikeda Zhendong Chi Yuxuan Wan Masahiro Suzuki Arata Tanaka Masaaki Tanaka Atsushi Fujimori Department of Physics the University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems the University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Materials Sciences Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan The Institute for Solid State Physics the University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8581 Japan Graduate School of Advanced Science of Matter Hiroshima University Higashi-hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8530 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Graduate School of Engineering the University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Center for Quantum Technology and Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

We study the electronic and magnetic states of as-grown and annealed MFe2O4(111)/Al2O3(111) (M = Co, Ni) thin films with various thicknesses grown on Si(111) substrates with the γ−Al2O3(111) buffer layers by using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), to investigate magnetically dead layers in these films. Although the magnetically dead layers in the as-grown samples are formed near the interface with the Al2O3 buffer layer, we reveal that ferrimagnetic order is partially recovered by postdeposition annealing at 973 K for 48 h in air. By analyzing the line shapes of the XAS and XMCD spectra, we conclude that, in the dead layers, there are a significant number of vacancies at the Td sites of the spinel structure, which may be the microscopic origin of the degraded ferrimagnetic order in the MFe2O4 thin films.

关键词： Ferrimagnetism Magnetic order Spin filtering Spintronics Ferrimagnets X-ray absorption spectroscopy X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

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Transition Metal-Vacancy Point Defects in Zinc Oxide as Deep-Level Spin Qubits

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Shimin Park, Taejoon Perez, Erik Li, Kejun Wang, Xingyi Wang, Yanyong Vega Bazantes, Jorge D. Zhang, Ruiqi Sun, Jianwei Fu, Kai-Mei C. Seo, Hosung Ping, Yuan Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 United States SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan University Gyeonggi Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Energy Systems Research Department of Physics Ajou University Gyeonggi Suwon16499 Korea Republic of Department of Physics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States School of Science & Engineering Tulane University 6823 St Charles Ave New OrleansLA70118 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Physical Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99352 United States Department of Quantum Information Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Gyeonggi Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Center for Quantum Information Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 United States Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 United States

Wide band gap oxides are promising host materials for spin defect qubits, offering unique advantages such as a dilute nuclear spin environment. Zinc oxide (ZnO), in particular, can achieve exceptional high purity, which enables long spin coherence time. In this work, we theoretically search for deep-level point defects in ZnO with optimal physical properties for optically-addressable spin qubits. Using first-principles calculations, we predict the Molybdenum-vacancy complex defect (MoZnvO)2+ in ZnO to own promising spin and optical properties, including spin-triplet ground state, optical transition in the visible to near-infrared range with high quantum yield, allowed intersystem crossings with a sizable optically-detected magnetic resonance contrast, and long spin T2 and T∗2. Notably, we find the Huang-Rhys factor of the defect to be around 5, which is significantly smaller than the typical range of 10-30 for most known defects in ZnO. Furthermore, we compare the spin decoherence driven by the nuclear spin bath and paramagnetic impurity baths. We find that the paramagnetic impurities are very effective in causing spin decoherence even with very low concentrations, implying that they can likely dominate the spin decoherence in ZnO even after isotopic purification. Using the computed excited-state energies and kinetic rates as inputs, we predict the ODMR contrast and propose a new protocol for spin qubit initialization and readout, which could be generalized to other systems with forbidden axial intersystem crossings. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Inverse linear versus exponential scaling of work penalty in finite-time bit reset

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Physical Review E 2022年第4期105卷 044147-044147页

作者： Yi-Zheng Zhen Dario Egloff Kavan Modi Oscar Dahlsten Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Technical University Dresden D-01062 Dresden Germany Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Strasse 38 01187 Dresden Germany School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

A bit reset is a basic operation in irreversible computing. This costs work and dissipates energy in the computer, creating a limit on speeds and energy efficiency of future irreversible computers. It was recently shown by Zhen et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 190602 (2021)] that for a finite-time reset protocol, the additional work on top of the quasistatic protocol can always be minimized by considering a two-level system, and then be lower bounded through a thermodynamical speed limit. An important question is to understand under what protocol parameters, including a bit reset error and maximum energy shift, this penalty decreases exponentially vs inverse linearly in the protocol time. Here we provide several analytical results to address this question, as well as numerical simulations of specific examples of protocols.

关键词： Nonequilibrium & irreversible thermodynamics Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Thermodynamics Thermodynamics of computation Nonequilibrium systems

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Observation of disorder-free localization and efficient disorder averaging on a quantum processor

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gyawali, G. Cochran, T. Lensky, Y.D. Rosenberg, E. Karamlou, A.H. Kechedzhi, K. Berndtsson, J. Westerhout, T. Asfaw, A. Abanin, D. Acharya, R. Aghababaie Beni, L. Andersen, T.I. Ansmann, M. Arute, F. Arya, K. Astrakhantsev, N. Atalaya, J. Babbush, R. Ballard, B. Bardin, J. Bengtsson, A. Bilmes, A. Bortoli, G. Bourassa, A. Bovaird, J. Brill, L. Broughton, M. Browne, D. Buchea, B. Buckley, B. Buell, D. Burger, T. Burkett, B. Bushnell, N. Cabrera, A. Campero, J. Chang, H.-S. Chen, Z. Chiaro, B. Claes, J. Cleland, A. Cogan, J. Collins, R. Conner, P. Courtney, W. Crook, A.L. Das, S. Debroy, D.M. Del Toro Barba, A. Demura, S. De Lorenzo, L. Di Paolo, A. Donohoe, P. Drozdov, I. Dunsworth, A. Earle, C. Eickbusch, A. Elbag, A. Elzouka, M. Erickson, C. Faoro, L. Fatemi, R. Ferreira, V. Flores Burgos, L. Forati, E. Fowler, A. Foxen, B. Ganjam, S. Gasca, R. Giang, W. Gidney, C. Gilboa, D. Gosula, R. Grajales Dau, A. Graumann, D. Greene, A. Gross, J. Habegger, S. Hamilton, M. Hansen, M. Harrigan, M. Harrington, S. Heslin, S. Heu, P. Hill, G. Hilton, J. Hoffmann, M. Huang, H.-Y. Huff, A. Huggins, W.J. Ioffe, L.B. Isakov, S.V. Jeffrey, E. Jiang, Z. Jones, C. Jordan, S. Joshi, C. Juhas, P. Kafri, D. Kang, H. Khaire, T. Khattar, T. Khezri, M. Kieferová, M. Kim, S. Klimov, P. Klots, A. Kobrin, B. Korotkov, A. Kostritsa, F. Kreikebaum, J. Kurilovich, V. Landhuis, D. Langley, B. Laptev, P. Lau, K.-M. Ledford, J. Lee, J. Lee, K. Lester, B. Le Guevel, L. Li, W. Lill, A. Liu, W. Livingston, W. Locharla, A. Lundahl, D. Lunt, A. Madhuk, S. Maloney, A. Mandrà, S. Martin, L. Martin, S. Martin, O. Maxfield, C. McClean, J. McEwen, M. Meeks, S. Megrant, A. Mi, X. Miao, K. Mieszala, A. Molina, S. Montazeri, S. Morvan, A. Movassagh, R. Neill, C. Nersisyan, A. Newman, M. Nguyen, A. Nguyen, M. Ni, C.-H. Ottosson, K. Pizzuto, A. Potter, R. Pritchard, O. Pryadko, L. Quintana, C. Reagor, M. Rhodes, D. Roberts, G. Rocque, C. Rubin, N. Saei, N. Google Research Mountain ViewCA United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY United States Laboratory of Solid State and Atomic Physics Cornell University IthacaNY United States Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States Institute of Molecules and Materials Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstMA United States Department of Physics University of Connecticut StorrsCT United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL United States QSI Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology University of Technology Sydney NSW Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA United States Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and Modelling CY Cergy Paris Universite UMR CNRS 8089 Pontoise Cergy-Pontoise Cedex France Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural Sciences Physics Department TQM Garching Germany Munich Germany Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching Germany Department of Physics Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Munich Germany Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Dresden Germany

One of the most challenging problems in the computational study of localization in quantum many-body systems is to capture the effects of rare events, which requires sampling over exponentially many disorder realizations. We implement an efficient procedure on a quantum processor, leveraging quantum parallelism, to efficiently sample over all disorder realizations. We observe localization without disorder in quantum many-body dynamics in one and two dimensions: perturbations do not diffuse even though both the generator of evolution and the initial states are fully translationally invariant. The disorder strength as well as its density can be readily tuned using the initial state. Furthermore, we demonstrate the versatility of our platform by measuring Rényi entropies. Our method could also be extended to higher moments of the physical observables and disorder learning. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： quantum electronics

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Tensor-Monopole-Induced Topological Boundary Effects in Four-Dimensional Acoustic Metamaterials

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第18期134卷 186601-186601页

作者： Qingyang Mo Shanjun Liang Cuicui Lu Jie Zhu Shuang Zhang New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Department of Physics University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong China School of Professional Education and Executive Development The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University 200092 Shanghai China Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area 3 Binlang Road Shenzhen China Materials Innovation Institute for Life Sciences and Energy (MILES) HKU-SIRI Shenzhen People’s Republic of China

Gauge field theory provides the mathematical and conceptual framework to describe and understand topological singularities such as Weyl points and magnetic monopoles. While singularities associated with vector electromagnetic gauge fields have been well studied, those of higher-form tensor gauge fields, like the four-dimensional (4D) tensor monopoles predicted by string theory, have remained largely theoretical or limited to experimental demonstration in pure synthetic dimensions, thereby not allowing investigations of the associated boundary effects. Here, we present a 4D system with tensor monopoles using engineered acoustic metamaterials. Our momentum space combines three real momentum dimensions and a geometric parameter as the fourth. By varying this fourth momentum, we experimentally reveal two distinct topological surface states in 3D subsystems: Fermi-arc surface states in a gapless subsystem and Dirac-cone surface states in a gapped subsystem. Our work introduces a novel platform for exploring new topological structures associated with tensor gauge field and topological phenomena in higher dimensions.

关键词： Momentum

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Anisotropies in the Arrival Direction Distribution of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Measured by the Telescope Array Surface Detector 38

Anisotropies in the Arrival Direction Distribution of Ultra-...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Kim, Jihyun Ivanov, Dmitri Kawata, Kazumasa Sagawa, Hiroyuki Thomson, Gordon Abbasi, R.U. Abe, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Arai, Y. Arimura, R. Barcikowski, E. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Blake, S.A. Buckland, I. Cheon, B.G. Chikawa, M. Fedynitch, A. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fujiwara, R. Fukushima, M. Furlich, G. Gerber, Z. Globus, N. Hanlon, W. Hayashida, N. He, H. Hibi, R. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Honda, K. Ikeda, D. Inoue, N. Ishii, T. Ito, H. Ivanov, D. Iwasaki, A. Jeong, H.M. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kasami, S. Kawakami, S. Kawata, K. Kharuk, I. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kimura, Y. Komae, I. Komori, K. Kusumori, Y. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Matsuyama, T. Matthews, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Mayta, R. Miyashita, K. Mizuno, K. Mori, M. Murakami, M. Myers, I. Nagataki, S. Nakai, K. Nakamura, T. Nishio, E. Nonaka, T. Ogio, S. Ohoka, H. Okazaki, N. Oku, Y. Okuda, T. Omura, Y. Onishi, M. Ono, M. Oshima, A. Oshima, H. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Park, K.Y. Potts, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rodriguez, D.C. Rott, C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Saito, R. Sakaki, N. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sato, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sekino, K. Shah, P.D. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shikita, J. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinto, D. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, K. Takamura, M. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tokuno, H. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsuda, R. Tsunesada, Y. Udo, S. Urban, F. Vaiman, I.A. Warren, D. Wong, T. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, K. Yoshida, F. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano380-8554 Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112-0830 United States Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul426-791 Korea Republic of Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City115201 Taiwan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Kofu Yamanashi400-8511 Japan The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama338-8570 Japan Department of Physics SungKyunKwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo337-8570 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels1050 Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul120-749 Korea Republic of Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Nova Gorica Nova Gorica5297 Slovenia Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi Kochi

Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are extremely energetic, charged particles with energies greater than 1018 eV, originating from outer space. We investigate anisotropic patterns in the arrival direction distribution of UHECRs to identify their source locations. The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, the largest UHECR observatory in the northern hemisphere, has observed evidence of two intermediate-scale anisotropies in UHECR arrival direction distributions: the TA Hotspot and the Perseus-Pisces supercluster excess. In this presentation, we will describe an oversampling analysis that we performed to find the excess of events using the data measured by the TA surface detector array. We will report the latest results of the TA Hotspot and Perseus-Pisces supercluster excesses. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Anisotropy

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