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arXiv 2021年

作者： Somhorst, F.H.B. van der Meer, R. Anguita, M. Correa Schadow, R. Snijders, H.J. de Goede, M. Kassenberg, B. Venderbosch, P. Taballione, C. Epping, J.P. van den Vlekkert, H.H. Timmerhuis, J. Bulmer, J.F.F. Lugani, J. Walmsley, I.A. Pinkse, P.W.H. Eisert, J. Walk, N. Renema, J.J. MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente P. O. box 217 Enschede7500 AE Netherlands Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany QuiX Quantum B.V. Hengelosestraat 500 Enschede7521 AN Netherlands Quantum Engineering Technology Labs University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Center for Sensors Instrumentation and Cyber Physical System Engineering IIT Delhi New Delhi110 016 India Department of Physics Imperial College London Prince Consort Rd. LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PU United Kingdom Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Berlin14109 Germany Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin10587 Germany

One of the core questions of quantum physics is how to reconcile the unitary evolution of quantum states, which is information-preserving and time-reversible, with evolution following the second law of thermodynamics, which, in general, is neither. The resolution to this paradox is to recognize that global unitary evolution of a multi-partite quantum state causes the state of local subsystems to evolve towards maximum-entropy states. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate this effect in linear quantum optics by simultaneously showing the convergence of local quantum states to a generalized Gibbs ensemble constituting a maximum-entropy state under precisely controlled conditions, while introducing an efficient certification method to demonstrate that the state retains global purity. Our quantum states are manipulated by a programmable integrated quantum photonic processor, which simulates arbitrary non-interacting Hamiltonians, demonstrating the universality of this phenomenon. Our results show the potential of photonic devices for quantum simulations involving non-Gaussian states. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photonic devices

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Polarization-Orthogonal Nondegenerate Plasmonic Higher-Order Topological States

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Yuanzhen Xu, Su Zhang, Zijian Yang, Yumeng Xie, Xinrong Ye, Wenzheng Liu, Feng Xue, Haoran Jing, Liqiao Wang, Zuojia Chen, Qi-Dai Sun, Hong-Bo Li, Erping Chen, Hongsheng Gao, Fei Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining314400 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun130012 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore637371 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Haidian Beijing100084 China Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing312000 China

Photonic topological states, providing light-manipulation approaches in robust manners, have attracted intense attention. Connecting photonic topological states with far-field degrees of freedom (DoFs) has given rise to fruitful phenomena. Recently emerged higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs), hosting boundary states two or more dimensions lower than those of bulk, offer new paradigms to localize/transport light topologically in extended dimensionalities. However, photonic HOTIs have not been related to DoFs of radiation fields yet. Here, we report the observation of polarization-orthogonal second-order topological corner states at different frequencies on a designer-plasmonic Kagome metasurface in the far field. Such phenomenon stands on two mechanisms, i.e., projecting the far-field polarizations to the intrinsic parity DoFs of lattice modes and the parity splitting of the plasmonic corner states in spectra. We theoretically and numerically show that the parity splitting originates from the underlying inter-orbital coupling. Both near-field and far-field experiments verify the polarization-orthogonal nondegenerate second-order topological corner states. These results promise applications in robust optical single photon emitters and multiplexed photonic devices. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polarization

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quantum fast hitting on glued trees mapped on a photonic chip

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Shi, Zi-Yu Tang, Hao Feng, Zhen Wang, Yao Li, Zhan-Ming Jiao, Zhi-Qiang Gao, Jun Chang, Yi-Jun Zhou, Wen-Hao Jin, Xian-Min State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Hitting the exit node from the entrance node faster on a graph is one of the properties that quantum walk algorithms can take advantage of to outperform classical random walk algorithms. Especially, continuous-time quantum walks on central-random glued binary trees have been investigated in theories extensively for their exponentially faster hitting speed over classical random walks. Here, using heralded single photons to represent quantum walkers and waveguide arrays written by femtosecond laser to simulate the theoretical graph, we are able to demonstrate the hitting efficiency of quantum walks with tree depth as high as 16 layers for the first time. Furthermore, we expand the graph's branching rate from 2 to 5, revealing that quantum walks exhibit more superiority over classical random walks as branching rate increases. Our results may shed light on the physical implementation of quantum walk algorithms as well as quantum computation and quantum simulation. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gluing

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Tailoring magnetism in self-intercalated Cr1+δTe2 epitaxial films

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Physical Review Materials 2020年第11期4卷 114001-114001页

作者： Y. Fujisawa M. Pardo-Almanza J. Garland K. Yamagami X. Zhu X. Chen K. Araki T. Takeda M. Kobayashi Y. Takeda C. H. Hsu F. C. Chuang R. Laskowski K. H. Khoo A. Soumyanarayanan Y. Okada Quantum Materials Science Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Okinawa 904-0495 Japan Applied Physics & Mathematics Department Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and Research 138634 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Materials Sciences Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Department of Physics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research 138632 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore

Magnetic transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) films have recently emerged as promising candidates in hosting novel magnetic phases relevant to next-generation spintronic devices. However, systematic control of the magnetization orientation, or anisotropy, and its thermal stability characterized by Curie temperature (TC), remains to be achieved in such films. Here we present self-intercalated epitaxial Cr1+δTe2 films as a platform for achieving systematic/smooth magnetic tailoring in TMD films. Using a molecular-beam epitaxy based technique, we have realized epitaxial Cr1+δTe2 films with smoothly tunable δ over a wide range (0.33–0.82), while maintaining NiAs-type crystal structure. With increasing δ, we found monotonic enhancement of TC from 160 to 350 K, and the rotation of magnetic anisotropy from out-of-plane to in-plane easy-axis configuration for fixed film thickness. Contributions from conventional dipolar and orbital moment terms are insufficient to explain the observed evolution of magnetic behavior with δ. Instead, ab initio calculations suggest that the emergence of antiferromagnetic interactions with δ, and its interplay with conventional ferromagnetism, may play a key role in the observed trends. This demonstration of tunable TC and magnetic anisotropy across room temperature in TMD films paves the way for engineering different magnetic phases for spintronic applications.

关键词： Magnetism

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The dynamics of a domain wall in ferrimagnets driven by spin-transfer torque

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Duck-Ho Kim, Kab-Jin Moon, Kyoung-Woong Yang, Seungmo Lee, Kyung-Jin Kim, Se Kwon Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Center for Spintronics Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul136-791 Korea Republic of Department of Physics KAIST Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Quantum Technology Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States

The spin-transfer-torque-driven (STT-driven) dynamics of a domain wall in an easy-axis rare-earth transition-metal ferrimagnet is investigated theoretically and numerically in the vicinity of the angular momentum compensation point TA, where the net spin density vanishes. The particular focus is given on the unusual interaction of the antiferromagnetic dynamics of a ferrimagnetic domain wall and the adiabatic component of STT, which is absent in antiferromagnets but exists in the ferrimagnets due to the dominant coupling of conduction electrons to transition-metal spins. Specifically, we first show that the STT-induced domain-wall velocity changes its sign across TA due to the sign change of the net spin density, giving rise to a phenomenon unique to ferrimagnets that can be used to characterize TA electrically. It is also shown that the frequency of the STT-induced domain-wall precession exhibits its maximum at TA and it can approach the spin-wave gap at sufficiently high currents. Lastly, we report a numerical observation that, as the current density increases, the domain-wall velocity starts to deviate from the linear-response result, calling for a more comprehensive theory for the domain-wall dynamics in ferrimagnets driven by a strong current. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferrimagnetism

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Charge-induced ferromagnetic phase transition and anomalous Hall effect in full d-band nonmagnetic metals

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Physical Review B 2019年第22期99卷 224416-224416页

作者： Lei Wang (王蕾) X. R. Wang Tai Min Ke Xia Center for Spintronics and Quantum Systems State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

Motivated by the rich physics of electric-field control of magnetic properties observed in recent experiments, we use the first-principles calculations to investigate charge-transfer-induced magnetism of the full d-band nonmagnetic metals. A ferromagnetic phase transition initiated by an electric-field-induced charge transfer was found for all full d-band nonmagnetic metals. Beside the ordinary Hund's rules in Cu and Ag, a more complex correlation between the charge and the induced magnetization has been found, especially in Pd. The origin of the abnormal charge-induced magnetization is determined by the Coulomb interaction-induced instability of spin degeneracy at specific charges. In addition, a large nontrivial anomalous Hall effect has been discovered, and the sign of the anomalous Hall conductivity can change as charge number varies, a feature potentially useful for future spintronic applications.

关键词： Anomalous Hall effect Electric field effects Ferromagnetism Magnetic phase transitions Transition metals Density functional calculations First-principles calculations

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Many-body chiral edge currents and sliding phases of atomic spinwaves in momentum-space lattice

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Li, Yongqiang Cai, Han Wang, Dawei Li, Lin Yuan, Jianmin Li, Weibin Department of Physics National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Department of Physics Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing100193 China Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics PGMF and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Physics and Astronomy Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-equilibrium Systems University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom

Collective excitations (spinwaves) of long-lived atomic hyperfine states can be synthesized into a Bose-Hubbard model in momentum space. We explore many-body ground states and dynamics of a two-leg momentum-space lattice formed by two coupled hyperfine states. Essential ingredients of this setting are an artificial magnetic field engineered by lasers that couple the spinwave states, and a state-dependent long-range interaction, which is induced by laser-dressing a hyperfine state to a Rydberg state. The Rydberg dressed two-body interaction gives rise to a state-dependent blockade in momentum space, and can amplify chiral and anti-chiral edge currents in the many-body ground state in the presence of magnetic flux. When the Rydberg dressing is applied to both hyperfine states, exotic sliding insulating and superfluid/supersolid phases emerge. Due to the Rydberg dressed long-range interaction, spinwaves slide along a leg of the momentum-space lattice without costing energy. Our study paves a route to the quantum simulation of topological phases and exotic dynamics with interacting spinwaves of atomic hyperfine states in momentum-space lattice. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Saddle-point Van Hove singularity and dual topological state in Pt2HgSe3

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Physical Review B 2019年第23期100卷 235101-235101页

作者： Barun Ghosh Sougata Mardanya Bahadur Singh Xiaoting Zhou Baokai Wang Tay-Rong Chang Chenliang Su Hsin Lin Amit Agarwal Arun Bansil Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India SZU-NUS Collaborative Center and International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University ShenZhen 518060 China Department of Physics Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Northridge California 91330 USA Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort) Tainan 701 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan

Saddle-point Van Hove singularities in the topological surface states are interesting because they can provide a new pathway for accessing exotic correlated phenomena in topological materials. Here, based on first-principles calculations combined with a k·p model Hamiltonian analysis, we show that the layered platinum mineral jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3) harbors saddlelike topological surface states with associated Van Hove singularities. Pt2HgSe3 is shown to host two distinct types of nodal lines without spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which are protected by combined inversion (I) and time-reversal (T) symmetries. Switching on the SOC gaps out the nodal lines and drives the system into a topological state with nonzero weak topological invariant Z2=(0;001) and mirror Chern number nM=−2. Surface states on the naturally cleaved (001) surface are found to be nontrivial with a unique saddlelike energy dispersion with type II Van Hove singularities. We also discuss how modulating the crystal structure can drive Pt2HgSe3 into a Dirac semimetal state with a pair of Dirac points. Our results indicate that Pt2HgSe3 is an ideal candidate material for exploring the properties of topological insulators with saddlelike surface states.

关键词： Electronic structure Topological phases of matter Node-line semimetals Topological insulators Topological materials First-principles calculations

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Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array’s Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors, and surface array in hybrid mode

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Physical Review D 2020年第6期102卷 062004-062004页

作者： R. U. Abbasi M. Abe T. Abu-Zayyad M. Allen R. Azuma E. Barcikowski J. W. Belz D. R. Bergman S. A. Blake R. Cady B. G. Cheon J. Chiba M. Chikawa A. di Matteo T. Fujii K. Fujisue K. Fujita R. Fujiwara M. Fukushima G. Furlich W. Hanlon M. Hayashi N. Hayashida K. Hibino R. Higuchi K. Honda D. Ikeda T. Inadomi N. Inoue T. Ishii R. Ishimori H. Ito D. Ivanov H. Iwakura H. M. Jeong S. Jeong C. C. H. Jui K. Kadota F. Kakimoto O. Kalashev K. Kasahara S. Kasami H. Kawai S. Kawakami S. Kawana K. Kawata E. Kido H. B. Kim J. H. Kim M. H. Kim S. W. Kim S. Kishigami V. Kuzmin M. Kuznetsov Y. J. Kwon K. H. Lee B. Lubsandorzhiev J. P. Lundquist K. Machida H. Matsumiya T. Matsuyama J. N. Matthews R. Mayta M. Minamino K. Mukai I. Myers S. Nagataki K. Nakai R. Nakamura T. Nakamura Y. Nakamura T. Nonaka H. Oda S. Ogio M. Ohnishi H. Ohoka Y. Oku T. Okuda Y. Omura M. Ono R. Onogi A. Oshima S. Ozawa I. H. Park M. S. Pshirkov J. Remington D. C. Rodriguez G. Rubtsov D. Ryu H. Sagawa R. Sahara Y. Saito N. Sakaki T. Sako N. Sakurai K. Sano T. Seki K. Sekino P. D. Shah F. Shibata T. Shibata H. Shimodaira B. K. Shin H. S. Shin J. D. Smith P. Sokolsky N. Sone B. T. Stokes T. A. Stroman T. Suzawa Y. Takagi Y. Takahashi M. Takamura M. Takeda R. Takeishi A. Taketa M. Takita Y. Tameda H. Tanaka K. Tanaka M. Tanaka Y. Tanoue S. B. Thomas G. B. Thomson P. Tinyakov I. Tkachev H. Tokuno T. Tomida S. Troitsky Y. Tsunesada Y. Uchihori S. Udo T. Uehama F. Urban T. Wong K. Yada M. Yamamoto K. Yamazaki J. Yang K. Yashiro M. Yosei Y. Zhezher Z. Zundel Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois USA The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul Korea Department of Physics Tokyo University of Science Noda Chiba Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Service de Physique Thorique Universit Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Osaka Osaka Japan Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI) Todai Institutes for Advanced Study University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University Nagano Nagano Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Kofu Yamanashi Japan Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama Japan Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon Korea Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo Japan Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communicati

Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays provide the highest known energy source in the Universe to measure proton cross sections. Though conditions for collecting such data are less controlled than an accelerator environment, current generation cosmic ray observatories have large enough exposures to collect significant statistics for a reliable measurement for energies above what can be attained in the laboratory. Cosmic ray measurements of cross section use atmospheric calorimetry to measure depth of air shower maximum (Xmax), which is related to the primary particle’s energy and mass. The tail of the Xmax distribution is assumed to be dominated by showers generated by protons, allowing measurement of the inelastic proton-air cross section. In this work, the proton-air inelastic cross section measurement, σp-airinel, using data observed by Telescope Array’s Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors and surface detector array in hybrid mode is presented. σp-airinel is observed to be 520.1±35.8[Stat]−42.9+25.3[Sys] mb at s=73 TeV. The total proton-proton cross section is subsequently inferred from Glauber formalism and is found to be σpptot=139.4−21.3+23.4[Stat]−25.4+15.7[Sys] mb.

关键词： Cosmic rays & astroparticles

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Type-III weyl semimetals: (TaSe4)2I

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Li, Xiao-Ping Deng, Ke Fu, Botao Li, YongKai Ma, Da-Shuai Han, JunFeng Zhou, Jianhui Zhou, Shuyun Yao, Yugui Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Center for Computational Sciences Sichuan Normal University Chengdu610068 China Hefei Anhui230031 China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing China

Weyl semimetals have been classified into type-I and type-II with respect to the geometry of their Fermi surfaces at the Weyl points. Here, we propose a new class of Weyl semimetal, whose unique Fermi surface contains two electron or two hole pockets touching at a multi-Weyl point, dubbed as type-III Weyl semimetal. Based on first-principles calculations, we first show that quasi-one-dimensional compound (TaSe4)2I is a type-III Weyl semimetal with larger chiral charges. (TaSe4)2I can support four-fold helicoidal surface states with long Fermi arcs on the (001) surface. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements are in agreement with the gapless nature of (TaSe4)2I at room temperature and reveal its characteristic dispersion. In addition, our calculations show that external strain could induce transitions in (TaSe4)2I among the type-III, type-II, and type-I Weyl semimetals, accompanied with the Lifshitz transitions of the Fermi surfaces. Therefore, our work first experimentally indicates (TaSe4)2I as a type-III Weyl semimetal and provides a promising platform to further investigate the novel physics of type-III Weyl fermions. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calculations

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