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Magnons and Phonons Optically Driven out of Local Equilibrium in a Magnetic Insulator

Physical Review Letters 2016年第10期117卷 107202-107202页

作者： Kyongmo An Kevin S. Olsson Annie Weathers Sean Sullivan Xi Chen Xiang Li Luke G. Marshall Xin Ma Nikita Klimovich Jianshi Zhou Li Shi Xiaoqin Li Department of Physics Center for Complex Quantum Systems The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA

The coupling and possible nonequilibrium between magnons and other energy carriers have been used to explain several recently discovered thermally driven spin transport and energy conversion phenomena. Here, we report experiments in which local nonequilibrium between magnons and phonons in a single crystalline bulk magnetic insulator, Y3Fe5O12, has been created optically within a focused laser spot and probed directly via micro-Brillouin light scattering. Through analyzing the deviation in the magnon number density from the local equilibrium value, we obtain the diffusion length of thermal magnons. By explicitly establishing and observing local nonequilibrium between magnons and phonons, our studies represent an important step toward a quantitative understanding of various spin-heat coupling phenomena.

关键词： Spin Seebeck effect Spin caloritronics Spintronics Magnetic insulators Brillouin scattering & spectroscopy Fabry-Pérot interferometry

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Electronic structure and magnetic properties of magnetically dead layers in epitaxial CoFe2O4/Al2O3/Si(111) films studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Wakabayashi, Yuki K. Nonaka, Yosuke Takeda, Yukiharu Sakamoto, Shoya Ikeda, Keisuke Chi, Zhendong Shibata, Goro Tanaka, Arata Saitoh, Yuji Yamagami, Hiroshi Tanaka, Masaaki Fujimori, Atsushi Nakane, Ryosho Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Physics University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Materials Sciences Research Center Japan Energy Atomic Agency SayoHyogo679-5148 Japan Department of Quantum Matters ADSM Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8530 Japan Department of Physics Kyoto Sangyo University Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-Ku Kyoto603-8555 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Graduate School of Engineering University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Institute for Innovation in International Engineering Education University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa243-0198 Japan

Epitaxial CoFe2O4/Al2O3 bilayers are expected to be highly efficient spin injectors into Si owing to the spin filter effect of CoFe2O4. To exploit the full potential of this system, understanding the microscopic origin of magnetically dead layers at the CoFe2O4/Al2O3 interface is necessary. In this paper, we study the crystallographic and electronic structures and the magnetic properties of CoFe2O4(111) layers with various thicknesses (thickness d = 1.4, 2.3, 4, and 11 nm) in the epitaxial CoFe2O4(111)/Al2O3(111)/Si(111) structures using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) combined with cluster-model calculation. The magnetization of CoFe2O4 measured by XMCD gradually decreases with decreasing thickness d and finally a magnetically dead layer is clearly detected at d = 1.4 nm. The magnetically dead layer has frustration of magnetic interactions which is revealed from comparison between the magnetizations at 300 and 6 K. From analysis using configuration-interaction cluster-model calculation, the decrease of d leads to a decrease in the inverse-to-normal spinel structure ratio and also a decrease in the average valence of Fe at the octahedral sites. These results strongly indicate that the magnetically dead layer at the CoFe2O4/Al2O3 interface originates from various complex networks of superexchange interactions through the change in the crystallographic and electronic structures. Furthermore, from comparison of the magnetic properties between d = 1.4 and 2.3 nm, it is found that ferrimagnetic order of the magnetically dead layer at d = 1.4 nm is restored by the additional growth of the 0.9-nm-thick CoFe2O4 layer on it. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron compounds

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Four-wave mixing of spontaneously created exciton- polariton condensates

Four-wave mixing of spontaneously created exciton- polariton...

引用

Nonlinear Photonics, NP 2016

作者： Estrecho, E. Gao, T. Fraser, M.D. Comber-Todd, D. Schneider, C. Höfling, S. Pfeiffer, L. West, K. Steger, M. Snoke, D.W. Ostrovskaya, E.A. Truscott, A.G. Research School of Physics and Engineering The Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia Quantum Functional System Research Group RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako-shi Saitama351-0198 Japan Technische Physik Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems Universität Würzburg Am Hubland WürzburgD-97074 Germany SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews St AndrewsKY16 9SS United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PA15260 United States

We observe degenerate four-wave mixing of exciton-polariton condensates in a semiconductor microcavity in the pulsed non-resonant excitation regime by colliding two counter propagating condensates, which forms an anis... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580170

关键词： Four wave mixing

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Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

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Physical Review Letters 2017年第18期119卷 181101-181101页

作者： O. Adriani Y. Akaike K. Asano Y. Asaoka M. G. Bagliesi G. Bigongiari W. R. Binns S. Bonechi M. Bongi P. Brogi J. H. Buckley N. Cannady G. Castellini C. Checchia M. L. Cherry G. Collazuol V. Di Felice K. Ebisawa H. Fuke T. G. Guzik T. Hams M. Hareyama N. Hasebe K. Hibino M. Ichimura K. Ioka W. Ishizaki M. H. Israel A. Javaid K. Kasahara J. Kataoka R. Kataoka Y. Katayose C. Kato N. Kawanaka Y. Kawakubo H. S. Krawczynski J. F. Krizmanic S. Kuramata T. Lomtadze P. Maestro P. S. Marrocchesi A. M. Messineo J. W. Mitchell S. Miyake K. Mizutani A. A. Moiseev K. Mori M. Mori N. Mori H. M. Motz K. Munakata H. Murakami S. Nakahira J. Nishimura G. A. de Nolfo S. Okuno J. F. Ormes S. Ozawa L. Pacini F. Palma P. Papini A. V. Penacchioni B. F. Rauch S. B. Ricciarini K. Sakai T. Sakamoto M. Sasaki Y. Shimizu A. Shiomi R. Sparvoli P. Spillantini F. Stolzi I. Takahashi M. Takayanagi M. Takita T. Tamura N. Tateyama T. Terasawa H. Tomida S. Torii Y. Tsunesada Y. Uchihori S. Ueno E. Vannuccini J. P. Wefel K. Yamaoka S. Yanagita A. Yoshida K. Yoshida T. Yuda Department of Physics University of Florence Via Sansone 1–50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy INFN Sezione di Florence Via Sansone 1–50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy of Physics University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21250 USA Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena via Roma 56 53100 Siena Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Polo Fibonacci Largo B. Pontecorvo 3–56127 Pisa Italy Department of Physics Washington University One Brookings Drive St. Louis Missouri 63130-4899 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC) National Research Council (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova Italy University of Rome “Tor Vergata ” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy INFN Sezione di Rome “Tor Vergata ” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai Chuo Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan CRESST and Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA St. Marianna University School of Medicine 2-16-1 Sugao Miyamae-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan Kanagawa University 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi Kanagawa Yokohama Kanagawa 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Gradua

First results of a cosmic-ray electron and positron spectrum from 10 GeV to 3 TeV is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the International Space Station starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron and positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 X0 and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of −3.152±0.016 (stat+syst). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis.

关键词： Cosmic ray acceleration Cosmic ray composition & spectra Cosmic ray propagation Cosmic ray sources Cosmic rays & astroparticles Particle dark matter

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Metrology with PT-Symmetric Cavities: Enhanced Sensitivity near the PT-Phase Transition

引用

Physical Review Letters 2016年第11期117卷 110802-110802页

作者： Zhong-Peng Liu Jing Zhang Şahin Kaya Özdemir Bo Peng Hui Jing Xin-You Lü Chun-Wen Li Lan Yang Franco Nori Yu-xi Liu Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Beijing 100084 China Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA CEMS RIKEN Saitama 351-0198 Japan Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Physics Department The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

We propose and analyze a new approach based on parity-time (PT) symmetric microcavities with balanced gain and loss to enhance the performance of cavity-assisted metrology. We identify the conditions under which PT-symmetric microcavities allow us to improve sensitivity beyond what is achievable in loss-only systems. We discuss the application of PT-symmetric microcavities to the detection of mechanical motion, and show that the sensitivity is significantly enhanced near the transition point from unbroken- to broken-PT regimes. Our results open a new direction for PT-symmetric physical systems and it may find use in ultrahigh precision metrology and sensing.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Optomechanics PT-symmetric quantum mechanics quantum metrology

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Understanding localized surface plasmon resonance with propagative surface plasmon polaritons in optical nanogap antennas

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Photonics Research 2016年第6期4卷 293-305页

作者： Hongwei Jia Fan Yang Ying Zhong Haitao Liu Key Laboratory of Optical Information Science and Technology Ministry of Education Institute of Modern OpticsNankai University SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin University

The plasmonic nanogap antenna is an efficient radiating or receiving optical device. The resonance behavior of optical antennas is commonly attributed to the excitation of a localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR), which can be theoretically defined as the quasi-normal mode(QNM). To clarify the physical origin of the LSPR, we build up an analytical model of the LSPR by considering a multiple scattering process of propagative surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs) on the antenna arms. The model can comprehensively reproduce the complex eigenfrequency and the field distribution of QNMs of the antenna, unveiling that the LSPR arises from a Fabry–Perot resonance of SPPs. By further applying the complex pole expansion theorem of meromorphic functions, the field of the antenna under illumination by a nearby dipole emitter can be analytically expanded with QNMs, which well predicts the frequency response of the enhancement factor of radiation. The present model establishes explicit relations between the concepts of the LSPR and the propagative SPP and integrates the advantages of the Fabry–Perot and QNM formalisms of nanogap antennas.

关键词： mode LSPR

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Construction of KAGRA: An underground gravitational wave observatory

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Araki, S. Araya, A. Arima, T. Aritomi, N. Asada, H. Aso, Y. Atsuta, S. Awai, K. Baiotti, L. Barton, M.A. Chen, D. Cho, K. Craig, K. DeSalvo, R. Doi, K. Eda, K. Enomoto, Y. Flaminio, R. Fujibayashi, S. Fujii, Y. Fujimoto, M.-K. Fukushima, M. Furuhata, T. Hagiwara, A. Haino, S. Harita, S. Hasegawa, K. Hasegawa, M. Hashino, K. Hayama, K. Hirata, N. Hirose, E. Ikenoue, B. Inoue, Y. Ioka, K. Ishizaki, H. Itoh, Y. Jia, D. Kagawa, T. Kaji, T. Kajita, T. Kakizaki, M. Kakuhata, H. Kamiizumi, M. Kanbara, S. Kanda, N. Kanemura, S. Kaneyama, M. Kasuya, J. Kataoka, Y. Kawaguchi, K. Kawai, N. Kawamura, S. Kawazoe, F. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, J.C. Kim, W. Kimura, N. Kitaoka, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kojima, Y. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kotake, K. Kubo, K. Kumar, R. Kume, T. Kuroda, K. Kuwahara, Y. Lee, H.-K. Lee, H.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Liu, Y. Majorana, E. Mano, S. Marchio, M. Matsui, T. Matsumoto, N. Matsushima, F. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyake, K. Miyamoto, A. Miyamoto, T. Miyo, K. Miyoki, S. Morii, W. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Muraki, Y. Murakoshi, M. Musha, M. Nagano, K. Nagano, S. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, T. Nakano, H. Nakano, M. Nakano, M. Nakao, H. Nakao, K. Narikawa, T. Ni, W.-T. Nonomura, T. Obuchi, Y. Oh, J.J. Oh, S.-H. Ohashi, M. Ohishi, N. Ohkawa, M. Ohmae, N. Okino, K. Okutomi, K. Ono, K. Ono, Y. Oohara, K. Ota, S. Park, J. Peña Arellano, F.E. Pinto, I.M. Principe, M. Sago, N. Saijo, M. Saito, T. Saito, Y. Saitou, S. Sakai, K. Sakakibara, Y. Sasaki, Y. Sato, S. Sato, T. Sato, Y. Sekiguchi, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shibata, M. Shiga, K. Shikano, Y. Shimoda, T. Shinkai, H. Shoda, A. Someya, N. Somiya, K. Son, E.J. Starecki, T. Suemasa, A. Sugimoto, Y. Susa, Y. Suwabe, H. Suzuki, T. Tachibana, Y. Tagoshi, H. Takada, S. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takamori, A. Takeda, H. Tanaka, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, T. Tatsumi, D. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Tokyo181-8588 Japan Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Ibaraki305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0032 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Osaka558-8585 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University Aomori036-8561 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8551 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba277-8582 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Gifu506-1205 Japan Graduate School of Science Osaka University Osaka560-0043 Japan Department of Physics Sogang University Seoul121-742 Korea Republic of University of Sannio at Benevento BeneventoI-82100 Italy Sezione di Napoli NapoliI-80126 Italy University of Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan University of Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Albert-Einstein-Institut Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik HannoverD-30167 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul151-742 Korea Republic of Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Myongji University Yongin449-728 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Simulation Inje University Gimhae-shi50834 Korea Republic of Daejeon34047 Korea Republic of Department of Physical Science Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University Hiroshima903-0213 Japan Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Science Fukuoka University Fukuoka814-0180 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineer

Major construction and initial-phase operation of a second-generation gravitational-wave detector KAGRA has been completed. The entire 3-km detector is installed underground in a mine in order to be isolated from background seismic vibrations on the surface. This allows us to achieve a good sensitivity at low frequencies and high stability of the detector. Bare-bones equipment for the interferometer operation has been installed and the first test run was accomplished in March and April of 2016 with a rather simple configuration. The initial configuration of KAGRA is named iKAGRA. In this paper, we summarize the construction of KAGRA, including the study of the advantages and challenges of building an underground detector and the operation of the iKAGRA interferometer together with the geophysics interferometer that has been constructed in the same tunnel. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interferometers

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Photoconductivity: Tailoring Semiconductor Lateral Multijunctions for Giant Photoconductivity Enhancement (Adv. Mater. 41/2017)

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Advanced Materials 2017年第41期29卷

作者： Yutsung Tsai Zhaodong Chu Yimo Han Chih‐Piao Chuu Di Wu Alex Johnson Fei Cheng Mei‐Yin Chou David A. Muller Xiaoqin Li Keji Lai Chih‐Kang Shih Department of Physics Center for Complex Quantum Systems The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca Ithaca NY 14853 USA Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Hsinchu 300 Taiwan School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Ithaca NY 14853 USA

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On-Demand Single Photons with High Extraction Efficiency and Near-Unity Indistinguishability from a Resonantly Driven quantum Dot in a Micropillar

引用

Physical Review Letters 2016年第2期116卷 020401-020401页

作者： Xing Ding Yu He Z.-C. Duan Niels Gregersen M.-C. Chen S. Unsleber S. Maier Christian Schneider Martin Kamp Sven Höfling Chao-Yang Lu Jian-Wei Pan Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai 201315 China CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory Shanghai 201315 China DTU Fotonik Department of Photonics Engineering Technical University of Denmark Building 343 DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark Technische Physik Physikalisches Instität and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen-Center for Complex Material Systems Universitat Würzburg Am Hubland D-97074 Wüzburg Germany SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St. Andrews St. Andrews KY16 9SS United Kingdom

Scalable photonic quantum technologies require on-demand single-photon sources with simultaneously high levels of purity, indistinguishability, and efficiency. These key features, however, have only been demonstrated separately in previous experiments. Here, by s-shell pulsed resonant excitation of a Purcell-enhanced quantum dot-micropillar system, we deterministically generate resonance fluorescence single photons which, at π pulse excitation, have an extraction efficiency of 66%, single-photon purity of 99.1%, and photon indistinguishability of 98.5%. Such a single-photon source for the first time combines the features of high efficiency and near-perfect levels of purity and indistinguishabilty, and thus opens the way to multiphoton experiments with semiconductor quantum dots.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum optics quantum dots

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Hybrid Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in an atom-optomechanical system

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Physical Review A 2015年第6期92卷 063812-063812页

作者： Huatang Tan Lihui Sun Department of Physics Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 430079 China Center for Controlled Quantum Systems and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken New Jersey 07030 USA Institute of Quantum Optics and Information Photonics School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering manifests a type of quantum correlations intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. In this paper we propose a scheme for realizing hybrid atom-mechanical quantum steering in the steady-state regime. In our scheme, an optomechanical two-mode cavity is coupled to a distant ensemble of double-λ atoms in a cascade way, which induces the dissipative interaction between the mechanics and the internal atomic states. We show that strong cavity dissipation can lead to two-way atom-mechanical steering and the optimal steering exhibited in an approximate two-mode squeezed-vacuum atom-mechanical state. Moreover, we find that for the present cascade coupling scheme, the one-way steering from the mechanical oscillator to the atoms is achievable under certain conditions, while the reverse one-way steering is impossible to obtain. The reason for achieving the asymmetric steering is analyzed and the effect of mechanical thermal noise on the steering is also studied.

关键词： EINSTEIN-Podolsky-Rosen experiment ENTANGLEMENT network (Polymers) ATOMIC orbitals quantum mechanics OSCILLATORIA

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