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Phase-space characterization of complexity in quantum many-body dynamics

Physical Review E 2010年第4期82卷 046216-046216页

作者： Vinitha Balachandran Giuliano Benenti Giulio Casati Jiangbin Gong Department of Physics and Center for Computational Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117542 Singapore CNISM CNR-INFM & Center for Nonlinear and Complex Systems Università degli Studi dell’Insubria via Valleggio 11 22100 Como Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano via Celoria 16 20133 Milano Italy Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Singapore 117597 Singapore

We propose a phase-space Wigner harmonics entropy measure for many-body quantum dynamical complexity. This measure, which reduces to the well-known measure of complexity in classical systems and which is valid for both pure and mixed states in single-particle and many-body systems, takes into account the combined role of chaos and entanglement in the realm of quantum mechanics. The effectiveness of the measure is illustrated in the example of the Ising chain in a homogeneous tilted magnetic field. We provide numerical evidence that the multipartite entanglement generation leads to a linear increase in entropy until saturation in both integrable and chaotic regimes, so that in both cases the number of harmonics of the Wigner function grows exponentially with time. The entropy growth rate can be used to detect quantum phase transitions. The proposed entropy measure can also distinguish between integrable and chaotic many-body dynamics by means of the size of long-term fluctuations which become smaller when quantum chaos sets in.

关键词： Entropy

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Many‐body optical gain in CdZnO/ZnMgO quantum well lasers

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2010年第1期1199卷 126-127页

作者： Mingkai Li Tae Won Kang Seung Joo Lee Seoung‐Hwan Park Doyeol Ahn Gukhyung Ihm aQuantum‐functional Semiconductor Research Center Dongguk University Seoul 100‐715 Korea bPhysics Department Dongguk University Seoul 100‐715 Korea cQSRC Dongguk University Seoul 100‐715 Korea dDepartment of Photonics and Information Engineering Catholic University of Daegu Kyeongbuk 712‐702 eInstitute of Quantum Information Processing and Systems University of Seoul Seoul 130‐743 Korea fDepartment of Physics Chungnam National University Daejeon 305‐764 Korea

The Many‐body optical gain in CdZnO/MgZnO quantum well (QW) structures with spontaneous and piezoelectric polarizations are investigated by using the non‐Markovian gain model with many‐body effects. As the Cd composition increases, the sign change of the internal field is observed and the bottom of the potential well in the conduction band is shown to exist on the right side in the well. The CdZnO/MgZnO QW structure with high Cd composition is found to have smaller optical gain because the strain‐induced piezoelectric polarization and the spontaneous polarization in the well increase with the inclusion of Cd.

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Measurement of initial dissolution rate of P0798 simulated HLW glass by using micro-reactor flow-through test method

Measurement of initial dissolution rate of P0798 simulated H...

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32nd Symposium on Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management

作者： Makigaki, H. Inagaki, Y. Idemitsu, K. Arima, T. Mitsui, S. Banba, T. Noshita, K. Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering Kyushu University Japan Geological Isolation Research and Development Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Nuclear Safety Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Energy and Environmental Systems R and D Laboratory Hitachi Ltd. Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781605111667

We applied a new type of flow-through test method using micro-reactor consisting of a simple test apparatus with compact size to measurement of the dissolution rate of a Japanese type of simulated waste glass (P0798 glass). In this test method, a solution flows through a microchannel (20 mm length, 2 mm width, 0.16 mm depth) in contact with a face of coupon shaped glass specimen, and the output solution is retrieved at certain intervals to be analyzed for determination of the glass dissolution rate. By using this test method the initial dissolution rate of glass matrix or forward dissolution rate was measured as a function of pH (3 to 11) and temperature (25°C to 90°C). The present test results indicated that the initial dissolution rate has 'V-shaped' pH dependence, and the effect of pH on the dissolution rate decreases with increase in temperature similar to the results measured by using the Single-pass flow-through (SPFT) method. The present test results also indicated that the dissolution of B is controlled by diffusion process and that of Si is controlled by surface reaction process. © 2009 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Glass

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Measurement of HLW glass dissolution/alteration kinetics by using micro-reactor flow-through test method

Measurement of HLW glass dissolution/alteration kinetics by ...

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32nd Symposium on Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management

作者： Inagaki, Y. Mitsui, S. Makigaki, H. Idemitsu, K. Arima, T. Banba, T. Noshita, K. Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering Kyushu University Japan Geological Isolation Research and Development Directorate Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Nuclear Safety Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Energy and Environmental Systems R and D Laboratory Hitachi Ltd. Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781605111667

A new type of flow-through test method using micro-reactor was developed and applied to measurement of the dissolution/alteration kinetics for a Japanese type of simulated HLW glass, P0798. In this test method, a face of coupon shaped glass specimen (30mm x 10mm x 4mm size) is in contact with a micro-channel (20mm length, 2mm width, 0.16mm depth) constructed on a PTFE (Teflon®) plate, and a solution is injected into the inlet of micro-channel at a constant rate. The injected solution, which flows through the micro-channel reacting with the glass to the outlet, is retrieved at certain intervals to be analyzed for determination of the glass dissolution/alteration rate. After the test, the glass specimen removed from the micro-reactor is subjected to surface analyses. This test method has major features as follows, 1) any controlled solution condition can be provided over the test duration, 2) a relatively high S/V ratio can be provided by use of micro-reactor in spite of using coupon shaped glass specimen, which results in precise and consistent analyses of both the solution and the reacted glass surface, 3) the test apparatus is simple with compact size and easy operation, which allows a flexible setup of test conditions. By use of this test method the dissolution/alteration rate for P0798 glass was measured as a function of pH, temperature, and time, and the results indicated that this test method is applicable and suitable for evaluation of the dissolution/alteration kinetics. © 2009 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Glass

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Influence of coil current configuration in magnetic stimulation of a nerve fiber in inhomogeneous and anisotropic conducting media

Influence of coil current configuration in magnetic stimulat...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Akira Hyodo Keiji Iramina Shoogo Ueno Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences Kyushu University Japan Biomedical Instrument Technology Center Nihon Kohden Corporation Japan Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Japan Department of Applied Quantum Physics Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Japan

In this study, we used a computer simulation to investigate the effects of the coil current waveform and direction on the excitation processes of the nerve axon in inhomogeneous and anisotropic conducting media in magnetic stimulation. We assumed that the nerve axon was located in the media with 2 regions having different conductivities or electrical anisotropy that simulate different tissue types. The distribution of induced electric fields was calculated with the finite element method (FEM). The nerve fiber was modeled after equivalent electrical circuits having active nodes of Ranvier. The direction of the coil current at the intersection of a figure-eight coil was assumed to flow perpendicular to the nerve axon. We observed the excitation threshold when the coil current waveform and direction are changed with varying the electrical properties such as tissue electrical conductivity and anisotropy. The simulation results show that the threshold decreases with the increase of conductivity ratio between 2 regions and it also depends on the coil current waveform and direction. Biphasic coil current has lower threshold than monophasic one when the current direction is the same in both waveforms. The results also suggest that the tissue anisotropy strongly affects the excitation threshold. The threshold increases with the increase of tissue anisotropic ratio of longitudinal direction to the transverse one respect to the nerve axon. The results in this study give useful information to explain the experimental results of the magnetic stimulation of human peripheral nervous systems and the theoretical model is applicable to understand the characteristics in magnetic stimulation of both peripheral and central nervous systems.

关键词： Coils Magnetic stimulation Nerve fibers Anisotropic magnetoresistance Nonhomogeneous media Conductivity Computer simulation Nonuniform electric fields Circuit simulation Finite element methods

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An all-optical grooming switch with regenerative capabilities

An all-optical grooming switch with regenerative capabilitie...

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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

作者： J. Leuthold R. Bonk P. Vorreau S. Sygletos D. Hillerkuss W. Freude G. Zarris D. Simeonidou C. Kouloumentas M. Spyropoulou I. Tomkos F. Parmigiani P. Petropoulos D.J. Richardson R. Weerasuriya S. Ibrahim A.D. Ellis C. Meuer D. Bimberg R. Morais P. Monteiro S. Ben Ezra S. Tsadka Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex UK Athens Information Technology Center Athens Greece Optoelectronics Research Centre University of Southampton UK Photonic Systems Group Department of Physics University College Cork Cork Ireland Institute of Solid State Physics University of Berlin Berlin Germany Nokia Siemens Networks Portugal SA Amadora Portugal Finisar Israel Nes Ziona Israel

A regenerative optical grooming switch for interconnecting 130 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s networks with switching functionality in time, space and wavelength domain is demonstrated. Lab and field demonstrations show the fea... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781424448258

关键词： Repeaters Optical wavelength conversion Optical switches Integrated circuit interconnections Telecommunication traffic Microswitches High speed optical techniques Optical network units Clocks Photonics

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Generation of Second-Harmonic Conical Waves via Nonlinear Bragg Diffraction

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Physical Review Letters 2008年第10期100卷 103902-103902页

作者： Solomon M. Saltiel Dragomir N. Neshev Robert Fischer Wieslaw Krolikowski Ady Arie Yuri S. Kivshar Nonlinear Physics Center and Laser Physics Center Center for Ultra-high Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS) Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Department of Quantum Electronics Faculty of Physics Sofia University Bulgaria School of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv Israel

We report on the observation of second-harmonic conical waves generated in a novel geometry of the transverse excitation of an annular periodically poled nonlinear photonic structure by a fundamental Gaussian beam. We show that the conical beams are formed as a result of the higher-order nonlinear Bragg diffraction involving two parametric processes in which an ordinary fundamental wave is converted simultaneously into ordinary and extraordinary polarized second harmonics.

关键词： .diffraction week ending periodically poled second-harmonic conical phase-matching annular nonlinear photonic Nonlinear Bragg physics center ordinary and extraordinary

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Diagnostics of Rovibrational Distribution of H_2 in Low Temperature Plasmas by Fulcher-α band Spectroscopy - on the Reaction Rates and Transition Probabilities

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第2期7卷 2773-2776页

作者：肖炳甲 Shinichiro Kado Shin Kajita Daisuge Yamasaki Satoru Tanaka Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031China High temperature plasma research center the university of Tokyo Yayoi 2-11-16Bunkyo-kuTokyoJapan 113-0030 Graduate school of engineering department of quantum engineering and systems sciences the university of Tokyo

A novel fitting procedure is proposed for a better determination of H2 rovibrational distribution from the Fulcher-α band spectroscopy. We have recalculated the transition probabilities and the results show that they deviate from Franck-Condon approximation especially for the non-diagonal transitions. We also calculated the complete sets of vibrationally resolved cross sections for electron impact d3Ⅱu-X3Σg transition based on the semi-classical Gryzinski theory. An example of experimental study confirms that current approach provides a tool for a better diagnostics of H2 rovibrational distribution in electronic ground state.

关键词： Fulcher-a band rovibronic excitation hydrogen molecule

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Robustness of multiqubit entanglement in the independent decoherence model

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Physical Review A 2005年第4期72卷 042339-042339页

作者： Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay Daniel A. Lidar Chemical Physics Theory Group Chemistry Department and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

We study the robustness of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (“cat”) class of multipartite states under decoherence. The noise model is described by a general completely positive map for qubits independently coupled to the environment. In particular, the robustness of N-party entanglement is studied in the large N limit when (a) the number of spatially separated subsystems is fixed but the size of each subsystem becomes large and (b) the size of the subsystems is fixed while their number becomes arbitrarily large. We obtain conditions for entanglement in these two cases. Among our other results, we show that the parity of an entangled state (i.e., whether it contains an even or odd number of qubits) can lead to qualitatively different robustness of entanglement under certain conditions.

关键词： NOISY CHANNELS STATES

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Development of a high resolution apd sased animal pet and multi-channel waveform sampling front-end ASIC

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Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2004年 41卷 279-282页

作者： Yeom, J.Y. Takahashi, H. Ishitsu, T. Nakazawa, M. Murayama, H. Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-865 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Japan Research into Artifacts Center for Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8904 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Japan Department of Medical Physics National Institute of Radiological Sciences Chiba-shi 263-8555 4-9-1 Anagawa Inage-ku Japan

A new Waveform Sampling Front-End (WSFE) Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has been developed to digitize signals from scinti1lating crystals at anearly stage. Each channel of the chip consists of a preamplifier, a variable gain amplifier (VGA) anda fast Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). This aggressive approach to signal processing has several advantages over conventional method such as suppression of noise and flexibility in choice of signal processing methods while allowing many channels to be readout individually due to its low power consumption. Two such chips have been designed and experimental results are presented in this paper. © 2004 Atomic Energy Society of Japan.

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