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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Zhaozhou Dekel, Avishai Sarkar, Kartick C. Aung, Han Giavalisco, Mauro Mandelker, Nir Tacchella, Sandro Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science Racah Institute of Physics The Hebrew University Jerusalem91904 Israel Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa CruzCA95064 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv6997801 Israel Department of Space Planetary & Astronomical Sciences and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur208016 India University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA01003-9305 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom

Aims. We extend the analysis of a physical model within the standard cosmology that robustly predicts a high star-formation efficiency (SFE) in massive galaxies at cosmic dawn due to feedback-free starbursts (FFBs). This model implies an excess of bright galaxies at z10 compared to the standard models based on the low SFE at later epochs, an excess that is indicated by JWST observations. Methods. Here we provide observable predictions of galaxy properties based on the analytic FFB scenario. These can be compared with simulations and JWST observations. We use the model to approximate the SFE as a function of redshift and mass, assuming a maximum SFE of ϵmax = 0.2−1 in the FFB regime. From this, we derive the evolution of the galaxy mass and luminosity functions as well as the cosmological evolution of stellar and star-formation densities. We then predict the star-formation history (SFH), galaxy sizes, outflows, gas fractions, metallicities, and dust attenuation, all as functions of mass and redshift in the FFB regime. Results. The major distinguishing feature of the model is the occurrence of FFBs above a mass threshold that declines with redshift. The luminosities and star formation rates in bright galaxies are predicted to be in excess of extrapolations of standard empirical models and standard cosmological simulations, an excess that grows from z∼9 to higher redshifts. The FFB phase of ∼100 Myr is predicted to show a characteristic SFH that fluctuates on a timescale of ∼ 10 Myr. The stellar systems are compact (Re ∼ 0.3 kpc at z ∼ 10 and declining with z). The galactic gas consists of a steady wind driven by supernovae from earlier generations, with high outflow velocities (FWHM ∼ 1400−6700 km s−1), low gas fractions (☉), and low dust attenuation (AUV ∼ 0.5 at z∼10 and declining with z). We make tentative comparisons with current JWST observations for initial insights, anticipating more complete and reliable datasets for detailed quantitative comparisons in the fu

关键词： Galaxies

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Search for third-generation vector-like leptons in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第7期2023卷 118页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abbott, D.C. Abeling, K. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Achkar, B. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, S. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alunno Camelia, E. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amoroso, S. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D.J.A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Aranzabal, N. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N.B. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avner, G. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Ayoub, M.K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakker, P.J. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balaji, S. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte, M. Bandyopadhyay, A. B Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul

A search for vector-like leptons in multilepton (two, three, or four-or-more electrons plus muons) final states with zero or more hadronic τ-lepton decays is presented. The search is performed using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb⁻¹ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. To maximize the separation of signal and background, a machine-learning classifier is used. No excess of events is observed beyond the Standard Model expectation. Using a doublet vector-like lepton model, vector-like leptons coupling to third-generation Standard Model leptons are excluded in the mass range from 130 GeV to 900 GeV at the 95% confidence level, while the highest excluded mass is expected to be 970 GeV. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Beyond Standard Model Hadron-Hadron Scattering Tau physics

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Progress in measurements of fission cross sections and total cross sections at CSNS Back-n white neutron source

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Nuclear Analysis 2023年第2期2卷

作者： Liu, Rong Yang, Yiwei Ren, Zhizhou Wen, Zhongwei Wen, Jie Liu, Xingyan Chen, Yonghao Yi, Han Han, Zijie Chen, Qiping Bao, Jie An, Qi Bai, Huaiyong Cao, Ping Cheng, Pinjing Cui, Zengqi Fan, Ruirui Feng, Changqing Gu, Minhao Guo, Fengqin Han, Changcai He, Guozhu He, Yongcheng He, Yuefeng Huang, Hanxiong Huang, Weiling Huang, Xiru Ji, Xiaolu Ji, Xuyang Jiang, Haoyu Jiang, Wei Jing, Hantao Kang, Ling Kang, Mingtao Li, Bo Li, Lun Li, Qiang Li, Xiao Li, Yang Liu, Shubin Luan, Guangyuan Ma, Yinglin Ning, Changjun Qi, Binbin Ren, Jie Ruan, Xichao Song, Zhaohui Sun, Hong Sun, Xiaoyang Sun, Zhijia Tan, Zhixin Tang, Hongqing Tang, Jingyu Wang, Pengcheng Wang, Qi Wang, Taofeng Wang, Yanfeng Wang, Zhaohui Wang, Zheng Wu, Qingbiao Wu, Xiaoguang Wu, Xuan Xie, Likun Yu, Li Yu, Tao Yu, Yongji Zhang, Guohui Zhang, Jing Zhang, Linhao Zhang, Liying Zhang, Qingmin Zhang, Qiwei Zhang, Xianpeng Zhang, Yuliang Zhang, Zhiyong Zhao, Yingtan Zhou, Liang Zhou, Zuying Zhu, Danyang Zhu, Kejun Zhu, Peng Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100049 China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803 China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of China Heifei 230026 China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Nuclear Science & Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China University of South China Hengyang 421001 China Sate Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an 710024 China Department of Engineering and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China School of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100083 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The neutron-induced cross sections are of great significance for the design of nuclear devices and advanced reactors for the nuclear energy production. At CSNS Back-n white neutron source, new measurements of the fission cross sections and total cross sections are performed with two sets of Day-one spectrometers based on the multi-cell fast fission ionization chamber (FIC). The neutron-induced ^236,238U fission cross sections relative to ²³⁵U from the fission threshold energy to 200 MeV were measured by using the TOF method and the Fast Ionization Chamber Spectrometer for Fission Cross Section Measurement (FIXM) in the single/double bunch mode of Back-n. The experimental uncertainties are analyzed in detail, and the results from the two modes are consistent. The measured ^236,238U/²³⁵U fission cross section ratios are compared with previous experiments and evaluations. The ^236,238U(n,f) cross sections are obtained based on the standard ²³⁵U fission cross section. The neutron total cross sections of carbon and aluminum in the energy region from 1 eV to 20 MeV have been measured by using the TOF method and transmission method based on the Neutron Total Cross Section Spectrometer (NTOX) in the double bunch mode. The total cross section results after unfolding are in good agreement with the previous measurements as well as the broadening of the ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 evaluation with Gaussian function within the experimental uncertainty. The present results provide the experimental data for further measurements, relevant evaluations and the design of nuclear system. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： CSNS Back-n data analysis Fission cross section Multi-cell fast fission chamber Total cross section

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Measurement of the branching fraction of D⁺→ τ⁺ν_τ

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Journal of High Energy physics 2025年第1期2025卷 1-16页

作者： Ablikim, M. Achasov, M.N. Adlarson, P. Afedulidis, O. Ai, X.C. Aliberti, R. Amoroso, A. Bai, Y. Bakina, O. Balossino, I. Ban, Y. Bao, H.-R. Batozskaya, V. Begzsuren, K. Berger, N. Berlowski, M. Bertani, M. Bettoni, D. Bianchi, F. Bianco, E. Bortone, A. Boyko, I. Briere, R.A. Brueggemann, A. Cai, H. Cai, X. Calcaterra, A. Cao, G.F. Cao, N. Cetin, S.A. Chai, X.Y. Chang, J.F. Che, G.R. Che, Y.Z. Chelkov, G. Chen, Chao Chen, C.H. Chen, G. Chen, H.S. Chen, H.Y. Chen, M.L. Chen, S.J. Chen, S.L. Chen, S.M. Chen, T. Chen, X.R. Chen, X.T. Chen, Y.B. Chen, Y.Q. Chen, Z.J. Chen, Z.Y. Choi, S.K. Cibinetto, G. Cossio, F. Cui, J.J. Dai, H.L. Dai, J.P. Dbeyssi, A. de Boer, R.E. Dedovich, D. Deng, C.Q. Deng, Z.Y. Denig, A. Denysenko, I. Destefanis, M. De Mori, F. Ding, B. Ding, X.X. Ding, Y. Dong, J. Dong, L.Y. Dong, M.Y. Dong, X. Du, M.C. Du, S.X. Duan, Y.Y. Duan, Z.H. Egorov, P. Fan, Y.H. Fang, J. Fang, S.S. Fang, W.X. Fang, Y. Farinelli, R. Fava, L. Feldbauer, F. Felici, G. Feng, C.Q. Feng, J.H. Feng, Y.T. Fritsch, M. Fu, C.D. Fu, J.L. Fu, Y.W. Gao, H. Gao, X.B. Gao, Y.N. Gao, Yang Garbolino, S. Garzia, I. Ge, L. Ge, P.T. Ge, Z.W. Geng, C. Gersabeck, E.M. Gilman, A. Goetzen, K. Gong, L. Gong, W.X. Gradl, W. Gramigna, S. Greco, M. Gu, M.H. Gu, Y.T. Guan, C.Y. Guo, A.Q. Guo, L.B. Guo, M.J. Guo, R.P. Guo, Y.P. Guskov, A. Gutierrez, J. Han, K.L. Han, T.T. Hanisch, F. Hao, X.Q. Harris, F.A. He, K.K. He, K.L. Heinsius, F.H. Heinz, C.H. Heng, Y.K. Herold, C. Holtmann, T. Hong, P.C. Hou, G.Y. Hou, X.T. Hou, Y.R. Hou, Z.L. Hu, B.Y. Hu, H.M. Hu, J.F. Hu, Q.P. Hu, S.L. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Huang, G.S. Huang, K.X. Huang, L.Q. Huang, X.T. Huang, Y.P. Huang, Y.S. Hussain, T. Hölzken, F. Hüsken, N. in der Wiesche, N. Jackson, J. Janchiv, S. Jeong, J.H. Ji, Q. Ji, Q.P. Ji, W. Ji, X.B. Ji, X.L. Ji, Y.Y. Jia, X.Q. Jia, Z.K. Jiang, D. Jiang, H.B. Jiang, P.C. Jiang, S.S. Jiang, T.J. Jiang, X.S. Jiang, Y. Jiao, J.B. Jiao, J.K. Jiao, Z. Jin, S. Jin, Y. Jing, M.Q. Jing, X.M. Johansson, T. Kabana, S. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N. Kang, X.L. Kang, X.S. Kavatsyuk Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049 China Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Bochum Ruhr-University Bochum D-44780 Germany Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP) Novosibirsk 630090 Russian Federation Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh 15213 PA United States Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China Central South University Changsha 410083 China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190 China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 South Korea COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore Campus Defence Road Off Raiwind Road Lahore 54000 Pakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH Darmstadt D-64291 Germany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 China Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China Hebei University Baoding 071002 China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18 Mainz D-55099 Germany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003 China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001 China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000 China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Indiana University Bloomington 47405 IN United States INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Frascati I-00044 Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia Perugia I-06100 Italy University of Perugia Perugia I-06100 Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara Ferrara I-44122 Italy University of Ferrara Ferrara I-44122 Italy Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54B Ulaanbaatar 13330 Mongolia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7D Arica 100

By analyzing e+e− collision data with an integrated luminosity of 7.9 fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the branching fraction of D+→ τ+ντ is determined as B = (9.9... 详细信息

By analyzing e⁺e⁻ collision data with an integrated luminosity of 7.9 fb⁻¹ collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the branching fraction of D⁺→ τ⁺ν_τ is determined as B = (9.9 ± 1.1_stat± 0.5_syst) × 10⁻⁴. Using the most precise result B(D⁺→ μ⁺ν_μ) = (3.981 ± 0.079_stat± 0.040_syst) × 10⁻⁴ [1], we determine R_τ/μ = Γ(D⁺ → τ⁺ν_τ)/Γ(D⁺ → μ⁺ν_μ) = 2.49 ± 0.31, achieving a factor of two improvement in precision compared to the previous BESIII result. This measurement is in agreement with the standard model prediction of lepton flavor universality within one standard deviation. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Branching fraction Charm physics e+-e− Experiments Flavour physics

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Conformal invariant cosmological perturbations via the covariant approach:multicomponent universe

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Chinese physics C 2018年第3期42卷 94-101页

作者：郑云龙牟一岑饶浩民李明哲 Department of Physics Nanjing University Joint Center for Particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Study University of Science and Technology of China

In recent years there has been a lot of interest in discussing frame depeudences/independences of the cosmological perturbations under the conforlnal transformations. This problem has previously been investigated in Lerlns of the cow^riant approach for a single component universe, and it was found that tile covariant approach is very powerful to pick out the perturbative variables which are both gauge and conformal invariant. In this work, we extend the covariant approach to a universe with multicomponent fluids. We find that similar results can be derived, as e, xpected. In addition, some other interesting perturbations are also identified to be conformal invariant, such as entropy perturbation between two different components.

关键词： cosmological perturbations conformal transformation covariant approach

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Acceptance Tests of more than 10 000 Photomultiplier Tubes for the multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules of the IceCube Upgrade

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Journal of Instrumentation 2024年第7期19卷 P07038-P07038页

作者： Abbasi, R. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Agarwalla, S.K. Aguilar, J.A. Ahlers, M. Alameddine, J.M. Amin, N.M. Andeen, K. Anton, G. Argüelles, C. Ashida, Y. Athanasiadou, S. Ausborm, L. Axani, S.N. Bai, X. Baricevic, M. Barwick, S.W. Bash, S. Basu, V. Bay, R. Beatty, J.J. Becker Tjus, J. Beise, J. Bellenghi, C. Benning, C. BenZvi, S. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Besson, D.Z. Blaufuss, E. Bloom, L. Blot, S. Bontempo, F. Book Motzkin, J.Y. Boscolo Meneguolo, C. Böser, S. Botner, O. Böttcher, J. Braun, J. Brinson, B. Brostean-Kaiser, J. Brusa, L. Burley, R.T. Butterfield, D. Campana, M.A. Caracas, I. Carloni, K. Carpio, J. Chattopadhyay, S. Chau, N. Chen, Z. Chirkin, D. Choi, S. Clark, B.A. Coleman, A. Collin, G.H. Connolly, A. Conrad, J.M. Coppin, P. Corley, R. Correa, P. Cowen, D.F. Dave, P. De Clercq, C. DeLaunay, J.J. Delgado, D. Deng, S. Desai, A. Desiati, P. de Vries, K.D. de Wasseige, G. DeYoung, T. Diaz, A. Díaz-Vélez, J.C. Dierichs, P. Dittmer, M. Domi, A. Draper, L. Dujmovic, H. Dutta, K. DuVernois, M.A. Ehrhardt, T. Eidenschink, L. Eimer, A. Eller, P. Ellinger, E. El Mentawi, S. Elsässer, D. Engel, R. Erpenbeck, H. Evans, J. Evenson, P.A. Fan, K.L. Fang, K. Farrag, K. Fazely, A.R. Fedynitch, A. Feigl, N. Fiedlschuster, S. Finley, C. Fischer, L. Fox, D. Franckowiak, A. Fukami, S. Fürst, P. Gallagher, J. Ganster, E. Garcia, A. Garcia, M. Garg, G. Genton, E. Gerhardt, L. Ghadimi, A. Girard-Carillo, C. Glaser, C. Glüsenkamp, T. Gonzalez, J.G. Goswami, S. Granados, A. Grant, D. Gray, S.J. Gries, O. Griffin, S. Griswold, S. Groth, K.M. Günther, C. Gutjahr, P. Ha, C. Haack, C. Hallgren, A. Halliday, R. Halve, L. Halzen, F. Hamdaoui, H. Ha Minh, M. Handt, M. Hanson, K. Hardin, J. Harnisch, A.A. Hatch, P. Haungs, A. Häußler, J. Helbing, K. Hellrung, J. Hermannsgabner, J. Heuermann, L. Heyer, N. Hickford, S. Hidvegi, A. Hill, C. Hill, G.C. Hoffman, K.D. Hori, S. Hoshina, K. Hostert, M. Hou, W. Huber, T. III. Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University AachenD-52056 Germany Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide5005 Australia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Alaska Anchorage 3211 Providence Dr. AnchorageAK99508 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington 502 Yates St. Science Hall Rm 108 Box 19059 ArlingtonTX76019 United States CTSPS Clark-Atlanta University AtlantaGA30314 United States School of Physics Center for Relativistic Astrophysics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Physics Southern University Baton RougeLA70813 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institut für Physik Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin BerlinD-12489 Germany Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie Ruhr-Universität Bochum BochumD-44780 Germany Université Libre de Bruxelles Science Faculty CP230 BrusselsB-1050 Belgium Dienst ELEM BrusselsB-1050 Belgium Department of Physics Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch New Zealand Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Astronomy Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen CopenhagenDK-2100 Denmark Department of Physics TU Dortmund Universit

More than 10 000 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) with a diameter of 80 mm will be installed in multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules (mDOMs) of the IceCube Upgrade. These have been tested and pre-calibrated at two sites. A throughput of more than 1000 PMTs per week with both sites was achieved with a modular design of the testing facilities and highly automated testing procedures. The testing facilities can easily be adapted to other PMTs, such that they can, e.g., be re-used for testing the PMTs for IceCube-Gen2. Single photoelectron response, high voltage dependence, time resolution, prepulse, late pulse, afterpulse probabilities, and dark rates were measured for each PMT. We describe the design of the testing facilities, the testing procedures, and the results of the acceptance tests. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Photons

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Askaryan Radio Array: Searching for the highest energy neutrinos

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Seikh, Mohammad Ful Hossain Ali, S. Allison, P. Archambault, S. Beatty, J.J. Besson, D.Z. Bishop, A. Chen, P. Chen, Y.C. Chen, Y.-C. Clark, B.A. Connolly, A. Couberly, K. Cremonesi, L. Cummings, A. Dasgupta, P. Debolt, R. de Kockere, S. de Vries, K.D. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M.A. Flaherty, J. Friedman, E. Gaior, R. Giri, P. Hanson, J. Harty, N. Hoffman, K.D. Huang, M.-H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Karle, A. Kelley, J.L. Kim, K.-C. Kim, M.-C. Kravchenko, I. Krebs, R. Kuo, C.Y. Kurusu, K. Latif, U.A. Liu, C.H. Liu, T.C. Luszczak, W. Mase, K. Muzio, M.S. Nam, J. Nichol, R.J. Novikov, A. Nozdrina, A. Oberla, E. Pan, Y. Pfendner, C. Punsuebsay, N. Roth, J. Salcedo-Gomez, A. Seckel, D. Seikh, M.F.H. Shiao, Y.-S. Su, S.C. Toscano, S. Torres, J. Touart, J. van Eijndhoven, N. Varner, G.S. Vieregg, A. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, S.-H. Wissel, S.A. Xie, C. Yoshida, S. Young, R. Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States Dept. of Physics Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Dept. of Physics Chiba University Chiba Japan Dept. of Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Dept. of Physics Grad. Inst. of Astrophys. Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Dept. of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University College London London United Kingdom Center for Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Dept. of Physics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Dept. of Physics Enrico Fermi Institue Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of Nebraska LincolnNE68588 United States Dept. Physics and Astronomy Whittier College WhittierCA90602 United States Dept. of Physics University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Dept. of Energy Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan Dept. of Applied Physics National Pingtung University Pingtung County Pingtung City900393 Taiwan Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Denison University GranvilleOH43023 United States National Nano Device Laboratories Hsinchu300 Taiwan Universite Libre de Bruxelles Science Faculty CP230 BrusselsB-1050 Belgium Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of Hawaii ManoaHI96822 United States

Searches for ultra-high energy (Ev ≥ 10 PeV) cosmogenic and astrophysical neutrinos (UHENs) have been conducted by several experiments over the last two decades. The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), located near the geographical South Pole, was one of the first two experiments that used radio antennas sensitive to orthogonal polarizations for detection of neutrino-induced Askaryan radiation. ARA comprises five independent autonomous stations, with an additional low threshold phased array merged with station 5, which were deployed at a depth of 100-200 m over the period 2012-2018, corresponding to a total livetime of more than 27 station years. In this article, we present a brief overview of the detector, its detection technique, and discuss a few of its major achievements with a focus on the current status of the array-wide UHEN search. We expect to produce the most sensitive results on the neutrino flux by any existing in-ice neutrino experiment below 1000 EeV energy. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： cosmology

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Comparing pion production in transport simulations of heavy-ion collisions at 270AMeV under controlled conditions

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Physical Review C 2024年第4期109卷 044609-044609页

作者： Jun Xu Hermann Wolter Maria Colonna Mircea Dan Cozma Pawel Danielewicz Che Ming Ko Akira Ono ManYee Betty Tsang Ying-Xun Zhang Hui-Gan Cheng Natsumi Ikeno Rohit Kumar Jun Su Hua Zheng Zhen Zhang Lie-Wen Chen Zhao-Qing Feng Christoph Hartnack Arnaud Le Fèvre Bao-An Li Yasushi Nara Akira Ohnishi Feng-Shou Zhang School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Faculty of Physics University of Munich D-85748 Garching Germany INFN-LNS Laboratori Nazionali del Sud 95123 Catania Italy IFIN-HH Reactorului 30 077125 Măgurele-Bucharest Romania Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA Cyclotron Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Guangxi Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Physics and Technology Guilin 541004 China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Department of Life and Environmental Agricultural Sciences Tottori University Tottori 680-8551 Japan RIKEN Nishina Center 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering & Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082 China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology and Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE) Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China SUBATECH UMR 6457 IMT Atlantique IN2P3/CNRS Université de Nantes 4 rue Alfred Kastler 44307 Nantes France GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH D-64291 Darmstadt Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University-Commerce Commerce Texas 75429-3011 USA Akita International University Akita 010-1292 Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Bei

Within the Transport Model Evaluation Project (TMEP), we present a detailed study of the performance of different transport models in Sn+Sn collisions at 270AMeV, which are representative reactions used to study the equation of state at suprasaturation densities. We put particular emphasis on the production of pions and Δ resonances, which have been used as probes of the nuclear symmetry energy. In this paper, we aim to understand the differences in the results of different codes for a given physics model to estimate the uncertainties of transport model studies in the intermediate energy range. Thus, we prescribe a common and rather simple physics model, and follow in detail the results of four Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) models and six quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) models. The nucleonic evolution of the collision and the nucleonic observables in these codes do not completely converge, but the differences among the codes can be understood as being due to several reasons: the basic differences between BUU and QMD models in the representation of the phase-space distributions, computational differences in the mean-field evaluation, and differences in the adopted strategies for the Pauli blocking in the collision integrals. For pionic observables, we find that a higher maximum density leads to an enhanced pion yield and a reduced π−/π+ yield ratio, while a more effective Pauli blocking generally leads to a slightly suppressed pion yield and an enhanced π−/π+ yield ratio. We specifically investigate the effect of the Coulomb force and find that it increases the total π−/π+ yield ratio but reduces the ratio at high pion energies, although differences in its implementations do not have a dominating role in the differences among the codes. Taking into account only the results of codes that strictly follow the homework specifications, we find a convergence of the codes in the final charged-pion yield ratio to a 1σ deviation of about 5%. However, the uncertainty is e

关键词： Low & intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions Models & methods for nuclear reactions Nuclear reactions Symmetry energy

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Compressing the cosmological information in one-dimensional correlations of the Lyman-α forest

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pedersen, Christian Font-Ribera, Andreu Gnedin, Nickolay Y. Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics Department of Physics New York University New YorkNY10003 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States

Observations of the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest from spectroscopic surveys such as BOSS/eBOSS, or the ongoing DESI, offer a unique window to study the growth of structure on megaparsec scales. Interpretation of these measurements is a complicated task, requiring hydrodynamical simulations to model and marginalise over the thermal and ionisation state of the intergalactic medium. This complexity has limited the use of Lyα clustering measurements in joint cosmological analyses. In this work we show that the cosmological information content of the 1D power spectrum (P1D) of the Lyα forest can be compressed into a simple two-parameter likelihood without any significant loss of constraining power. We simulate P1D measurements from DESI using hydrodynamical simulations and show that the compressed likelihood is model independent and lossless, recovering unbiased results even in the presence of massive neutrinos or running of the primordial power spectrum. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： cosmology

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Direct couplings of mimetic dark matter and their cosmological effects

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Chinese physics C 2018年第1期42卷 145-150页

作者：沈浏源牟一岑郑云龙李明哲 Department of Physics Nanjing University Joint Center for Particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Study University of Science and Technology of China

The original mimetic model was proposed to take the role of dark matter. In this paper we consider possible direct interactions of mimetic dark matter with other matter in the universe, especially standard model particles such as baryons and photons. By imposing shift symmetry, the mimetic dark matter field can only have derivative couplings. We discuss the possibilities of generating baryon number asymmetry and cosmic birefringence in the universe based on the derivative couplings of mimetic dark matter to baryons and photons.

关键词： cosmology dark matter baryogenesis cosmological CPT violation

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