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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： M. Eisenmann A. Reinke V. Weru M. D. Tizabi F. Isensee T. J. Adler S. Ali V. Andrearczyk M. Aubreville U. Baid S. Bakas N. Balu S. Bano J. Bernal S. Bodenstedt A. Casella V. Cheplygina M. Daum M. De Bruijne A. Depeursinge R. Dorent J. Egger D. G. Ellis S. Engelhardt M. Ganz N. Ghatwary G. Girard P. Godau A. Gupta L. Hansen K. Harada M. Heinrich N. Heller A. Hering A. Huaulmé P. Jannin A. E. Kavur O. Kodym M. Kozubek J. Li H. Li J. Ma C. Martín-Isla B. Menze A. Noble V. Oreiller N. Padoy S. Pati K. Payette T. Rädsch J. Rafael-Patiño V. Singh Bawa S. Speidel C. H. Sudre K. Van Wijnen M. Wagner D. Wei A. Yamlahi M. H. Yap C. Yuan M. Zenk A. Zia D. Zimmerer D. Aydogan B. Bhattarai L. Bloch R. Brüngel J. Cho C. Choi Q. Dou I. Ezhov C. M. Friedrich C. Fuller R. R. Gaire A. Galdran Á. García Faura M. Grammatikopoulou S. Hong M. Jahanifar I. Jang A. Kadkhodamohammadi I. Kang F. Kofler S. Kondo H. Kuijf M. Li M. Luu T. Martinčič P. Morais M. A. Naser B. Oliveira D. Owen S. Pang J. Park S. Park S. Płotka E. Puybareau N. Rajpoot K. Ryu N. Saeed A. Shephard P. Shi D. Štepec R. Subedi G. Tochon H. R. Torres H. Urien J. L. Vilaça K. A. Wahid H. Wang J. Wang L. Wang X. Wang B. Wiestler M. Wodzinski F. Xia J. Xie Z. Xiong S. Yang Y. Yang Z. Zhao K. Maier-Hein P. F. Jäger A. Kopp-Schneider L. Maier-Hein Division of Intelligent Medical Systems German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Helmholtz Imaging German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Biostatistics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Division of Medical Image Computing German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences School of Computing University of Leeds Leeds UK Institute of Informatics School of Management HES-SO Valais-Wallis University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Sierre Switzerland Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne Switzerland Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Ingolstadt Germany Center for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics (AI2D) and Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA) University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Radiology University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Computer Science Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) University College London London UK Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona & Computer Vision Center Barcelona Spain Division of Translational Surgical Oncology National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden Dresden Germany Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Department of Radiology and Nuc

International benchmarking competitions have become fundamental for the comparative performance assessment of image analysis methods. However, little attention has been given to investigating what can be learnt from these competitions. Do they really generate scientific progress? What are common and successful participation strategies? What makes a solution superior to a competing method? To address this gap in the literature, we performed a multicenter study with all 80 competitions that were conducted in the scope of IEEE ISBI 2021 and MICCAI 2021. Statistical analyses performed based on comprehensive descriptions of the submitted algorithms linked to their rank as well as the underlying participation strategies revealed common characteristics of winning solutions. These typically include the use of multi-task learning (63%) and/or multi-stage pipelines (61%), and a focus on augmentation (100%), image preprocessing (97%), data curation (79%), and post-processing (66%). The “typical” lead of a winning team is a computer scientist with a doctoral degree, five years of experience in biomedical image analysis, and four years of experience in deep learning. Two core general development strategies stood out for highly-ranked teams: the reflection of the metrics in the method design and the focus on analyzing and handling failure cases. According to the organizers, 43% of the winning algorithms exceeded the state of the art but only 11% completely solved the respective domain problem. The insights of our study could help researchers (1) improve algorithm development strategies when approaching new problems, and (2) focus on open research questions revealed by this work.

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Brute-force attack mitigation on remote access services via software-defined perimeter

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18599页

作者： Francis A Ruambo Elijah E Masanga Beston Lufyagila Abdelhamied A Ateya Ahmed A Abd El-Latif May Almousa Bassem Abd-El-Atty School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China. College of Information Communication and Technology Mbeya University of Science and Technology (MUST) P.O Box 131 Mbeya Tanzania. Research and Development Department Aifrruis Laboratories Mbeya Tanzania. EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University 11586 Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Sharqia Egypt. EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University 11586 Riyadh Saudi Arabia. aabdellatif@psu.edu.sa. Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent Computing Prince Sultan University 11586 Riyadh Saudi Arabia. aabdellatif@psu.edu.sa. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shibin Al Kawm 32511 Egypt. aabdellatif@psu.edu.sa. Information Technology Department College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Luxor University Luxor 85957 Egypt. bassem.abdelatty@fci.luxor.edu.eg.

Remote Access Services (RAS)-including protocols such as Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), Secure Shell (SSH), Virtual Network computing (VNC), Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)-are essential to modern network infrastructures, particularly with the rise of remote work and cloud adoption. However, their exposure significantly increases the risk of brute-force attacks (BFA), where adversaries systematically guess credentials to gain unauthorized access. Traditional defenses like IP blocklisting and multifactor authentication (MFA) often struggle with scalability and adaptability to distributed attacks. This study introduces a zero-trust-aligned Software-Defined Perimeter (SDP) architecture that integrates Single Packet Authorization (SPA) for service cloaking and Connection Tracking (ConnTrack) for real-time session analysis. A Docker-based prototype was developed and tested, demonstrating no successful BFA attempts observed, latency reduction by above 10% across all evaluated RAS protocols, and the system CPU utilization reduction by 48.7% under attack conditions without impacting normal throughput. It also proved effective against connection-oriented attacks, including port scanning and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. The proposed architecture offers a scalable and efficient security framework by embedding proactive defense at the authentication layer. This work advances zero-trust implementations and delivers practical, low-overhead protection for securing RAS against evolving cyber threats.

关键词： Brute-force attacks Remote access services (RAS) Single packet authorization (SPA) Software-defined perimeter (SDP) Zero-trust architecture

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Multi-thread concurrent compression algorithm for genomic big data 20

Multi-thread concurrent compression algorithm for genomic bi...

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20th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed computing, Applications and Technologies, PDCAT 2019

作者： Ji, Yimu Chen, Shuai Yao, Haichang Fang, Houzhi Li, Kui Liu, Shangdong Xie, Zhengyuan Wang, Kairui School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Institute of High Performance Computing and Big Data Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing Center of HPC China Jiangsu HPC Intelligent Processing Engineer Research Center Nanjing China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecom. School of Computer and Software Nanjing Institute of Industry Technology Nanjing China University of Toronto Toronto Canada BSc Mathematics with Finance University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781728126166

At present, there are many excellent genome compression algorithms with high genome compression ratio. However, there is a lack of highly efficient compression algorithms for simultaneous compression of a large number of genomes. This manuscript presents an algorithm, which is called FastLNGC, for simultaneous compression of a large amount of genome data based on multi-thread concurrency. This algorithm is based on the LNGC (Large Number of Genomes Compressor) algorithm, and adopts multi-thread technology to achieve concurrent processing of genome data compression. A large number of experiments show that FastLNGC has better performance on compression of a large number of genes. The source code of FastLNGC is available at https://***/APandaThief/FastLNGC. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Big data

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ADAM CHALLENGE: DETECTING AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION FROM FUNDUS IMAGES

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Fang, Huihui Li, Fei Fu, Huazhu Sun, Xu Cao, Xingxing Lin, Fengbin Son, Jaemin Kim, Sunho Quellec, Gwenole Matta, Sarah Shankaranarayana, Sharath M. Chen, Yi-Ting Wang, Chuen-Heng Shah, Nisarg A. Lee, Chia-Yen Hsu, Chih-Chung Xie, Hai Lei, Baiying Baid, Ujjwal Innani, Shubham Dang, Kang Shi, Wenxiu Kamble, Ravi Singhal, Nitin Wang, Ching-Wei Lo, Shih-Chang Orlando, José Ignacio Bogunović, Hrvoje Zhang, Xiulan Xu, Yanwu The ADAM Challenge State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Guangzhou China Intelligent Healthcare Unit Baidu Inc. Beijing China The Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore CONICET Yatiris lab of Pladema Institute Tandil Argentina Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria VUNO Inc Seoul Korea Republic of Inserm UMR 1101 BrestF-29200 France Univ Bretagne Occidentale BrestF-29200 France Zasti India Pvt. Ltd. India Graphen.Inc Muen Biomedical and Optoelectronics Technologies Inc Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Rajasthan Jodhpur India Department of Electrical Engineering National United University Taiwan Institute of Data Science Department of Statistics National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Shenzhen University Shenzhen China SGGS Institute of Engineering and Technology Nanded India Suzhou Tisu Information Technology Co. Ltd China AIRA Matrix Mumbai India Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment among elderly in the world. Early detection of AMD is of great importance, as the vision loss caused by this disease is irreversible and permanent. Color fundus photography is the most cost-effective imaging modality to screen for retinal disorders. Cutting edge deep learning based algorithms have been recently developed for automatically detecting AMD from fundus images. However, there are still lack of a comprehensive annotated dataset and standard evaluation benchmarks. To deal with this issue, we set up the Automatic Detection challenge on Age-related Macular degeneration (ADAM), which was held as a satellite event of the ISBI 2020 conference. The ADAM challenge consisted of four tasks which cover the main aspects of detecting and characterizing AMD from fundus images, including detection of AMD, detection and segmentation of optic disc, localization of fovea, and detection and segmentation of lesions. As part of the ADAM challenge, we have released a comprehensive dataset of 1200 fundus images with AMD diagnostic labels, pixel-wise segmentation masks for both optic disc and AMD-related lesions (drusen, exudates, hemorrhages and scars, among others), as well as the coordinates corresponding to the location of the macular fovea. A uniform evaluation framework has been built to make a fair comparison of different models using this dataset. During the ADAM challenge, 610 results were submitted for online evaluation, with 11 teams finally participating in the onsite challenge. This paper introduces the challenge, the dataset and the evaluation methods, as well as summarizes the participating methods and analyzes their results for each task. In particular, we observed that the ensembling strategy and the incorporation of clinical domain knowledge were the key to improve the performance of the deep learning models. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Practical adaptive time-varying output formation tracking for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems using neural networks

Practical adaptive time-varying output formation tracking fo...

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第三十八届中国控制会议

作者： Jianglong Yu Xiwang Dong Qingdong Li Zhang Ren Ming Ma School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory Beihang University Shananxi Key Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Navigation Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Xi'an Research Institute of Navigation Technology

Practical adaptive time-varying output formation tracking problems for high-order nonlinear strict-feedback multiagent systems are investigated in this paper. The time-varying output formation tracking requires the followers' output vectors to track the output vector of the leader while achieving a time-varying formation. The dynamics of the leader and the followers can have uncertain mismatched nonlinearities while the leader's control input is also unknown. To deal with the mismatched nonlinearities, the backstepping techniques are utilized to construct the protocols. Firstly, visual controllers are designed to overcome the effects of the uncertainties while guaranteeing the stability of each layer. The complicated visual controllers are estimated by the neural networks. A full adaptive protocol is constructed with adaptive gains to avoid using the global information of the interaction topology. Then, an algorithm is presented to design the protocol, whose parameters are much less. Besides, the stability of the algorithm is proved by Lyapunov theories. Finally, simulation results are presented to prove the effectiveness.

关键词： Practical time-varying formation tracking Adaptive control High-order nonlinear dynamics Multi-agent systems Neural networks

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An Early Stage Researcher's Primer on Systems Medicine Terminology

Network and Systems Medicine

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Network and Systems Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 2-50页

作者： Zanin, Massimiliano Aitya, Nadim A.A. Basilio, José Baumbach, Jan Benis, Arriel Behera, Chandan K. Bucholc, Magda Castiglione, Filippo Chouvarda, Ioanna Comte, Blandine Dao, Tien-Tuan Ding, Xuemei Pujos-Guillot, Estelle Filipovic, Nenad Finn, David P. Glass, David H. Harel, Nissim Iesmantas, Tomas Ivanoska, Ilinka Joshi, Alok Boudjeltia, Karim Zouaoui Kaoui, Badr Kaur, Daman Maguire, Liam P. McClean, Paula L. McCombe, Niamh De Miranda, João Luís Moisescu, Mihnea Alexandru Pappalardo, Francesco Polster, Annikka Prasad, Girijesh Rozman, Damjana Sacala, Ioan Sanchez-Bornot, Jose M. Schmid, Johannes A. Sharp, Trevor Solé-Casals, Jordi Spiwok, Vojtěch Spyrou, George M. Stalidzans, Egils Stres, Blaa Sustersic, Tijana Symeonidis, Ioannis Tieri, Paolo Todd, Stephen Van Steen, Kristel Veneva, Milena Wang, Da-Hui Wang, Haiying Wang, Hui Watterson, Steven Wong-Lin, Kongfatt Yang, Su Zou, Xin Schmidt, Harald H.H.W. Centro de Tecnología Biomédica Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Intelligent Systems Research Centre School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Center for Physiology and Pharmacology Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany Holon Israel CNR National Research Council IAC Institute for Applied Computing Rome Italy Lab of Computing Medical Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Technologies School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Université Clermont Auvergne INRAE UNH Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB Clermont Clermont-Ferrand France Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France Labex MS2T Control of Technological Systems-of-Systems CNRS and Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France Faculty of Engineering University of Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia Kragujevac Serbia Steinbeis Advanced Risk Technologies Institute Doo Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of Medicine Galway Neuroscience Centre National University of Ireland Galway Ireland School of Computing Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Holon Israel Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Kaunas University of Technology Kaunas Lithuania Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje Macedonia Medicine Faculty Université Libre de Bruxelles CHU de Charleroi Charleroi Belgium Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine Biomedical Sciences Research Institute Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre Portalegre Portugal Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University Politehnica of B

Background: Systems Medicine is a novel approach to medicine, that is, an interdisciplinary field that considers the human body as a system, composed of multiple parts and of complex relationships at multiple levels, and further integrated into an environment. Exploring Systems Medicine implies understanding and combining concepts coming from diametral different fields, including medicine, biology, statistics, modeling and simulation, and data science. Such heterogeneity leads to semantic issues, which may slow down implementation and fruitful interaction between these highly diverse fields. Methods: In this review, we collect and explain more than100 terms related to Systems Medicine. These include both modeling and data science terms and basic systems medicine terms, along with some synthetic definitions, examples of applications, and lists of relevant references. Results: This glossary aims at being a first aid kit for the Systems Medicine researcher facing an unfamiliar term, where he/she can get a first understanding of them, and, more importantly, examples and references for digging into the topic. © Massimiliano Zanin et al., 2021;Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2021.

关键词： Semantics

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Accumulative time-based ranking method to reputation evaluation in information networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Liao, Hao Liu, Qi-Xin Huang, Ze-Cheng Yeung, Chi Ho Zhang, Yi-Cheng National Engineering Laboratory on Big Data System Computing Technology Guangdong Province Engineering Center of China-made High Performance Data Computing System College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Institute of Big Data Intelligent Management and Decision Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Physics University of Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland

With the rapid development of modern technology, the Web has become an important platform for users to make friends and acquire information. However, since information on the Web is over-abundant, information filtering becomes a key task for online users to obtain relevant suggestions. As most Websites can be ranked according to users’ rating and preferences, relevance to queries, and recency, how to extract the most relevant item from the over-abundant information is always a key topic for researchers in various fields. In this paper, we adopt tools used to analyze complex networks to evaluate user reputation and item quality. In our proposed accumulative time-based ranking (ATR) algorithm, we incorporate two behavioral weighting factors which are updated when users select or rate items, to reflect the evolution of user reputation and item quality over time. We showed that our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art ranking algorithms in terms of precision and robustness on empirical datasets from various online retailers and the citation datasets among research publications. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information filtering

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Distributed cooperative guidance for maneuvering targets with directed conmunication topologies

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Hangkong Xuebao/Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica 2020年 41卷

作者： Dong, Xiaofei Ren, Zhang Chi, Qingxi Li, Qingdong School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing100083 China Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing100074 China Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory Beihang University Beijing100083 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100083 China

This paper studies the distributed cooperative guidance for maneuvering targets with directed communication topologies. First, a guidance system model is established based on the geometric relationship between the aircraft and the target, in which the nonlinear problem is solved by feedback linearization. In this design, the unknown maneuver of the target is observed by the extended state observer, and the estimation of the unknown maneuver of the target is applied to the design of the guidance law. In this process, the influence of the target maneuvering on the time-to-go is eliminated by means of direct compensation. Then, the designed guidance law is brought into the guidance model, transforming the problem of cooperative guidance into the problem of consensus. Next, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the designed cooperative guidance law are obtained by conducting the pole analysis. Finally, the designed cooperative guidance law and the method of the parameter selection are analyzed by adopting the simulation analysis. © 2020, Beihang University Aerospace Knowledge Press. All right reserved.

关键词： State estimation

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Non-invasive biopsy diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease via deep learning applied to retinal images: a population-based study

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The Lancet Digital Health 2025年第5期7卷 100868页

作者： Meng, Ziyao Guan, Zhouyu Yu, Shujie Wu, Yilan Zhao, Yaoning Shen, Jie Lim, Cynthia Ciwei Chen, Tingli Yang, Dawei Ran, An Ran He, Feng Hamzah, Haslina Singh, Sarkaaj Abd Raof, Anis Syazwani Lee-Boey, Jian Wen Samuel Lim, Soo-Kun Sun, Xufang Ge, Shuwang Xu, Gang Su, Hua Cheng, Yang Lu, Feng Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai Deng, Chenxin Ruan, Lei Zhang, Cuntai Wu, Chan Dai, Rongping Jin, Yixiao Wang, Wenxiao Li, Tingyao Liu, Ruhan Li, Jiajia Shu, Jia Lu, Yuwei Wang, Xiangning Wu, Qiang Qin, Yiming Tang, Jin Sheng, Xiaohua Jiao, Qiong Yang, Xiaokang Guo, Minyi McKay, Gareth J Hogg, Ruth E Liew, Gerald Chee, Evelyn Yi Lyn Hsu, Wynne Lee, Mong Li Szeto, Simon Luk, Andrea O Y Chan, Juliana C N Cheung, Carol Y Tan, Gavin Siew Wei Tham, Yih-Chung Cheng, Ching-Yu Sabanayagam, Charumathi Lim, Lee-Ling Jia, Weiping Li, Huating Sheng, Bin Wong, Tien Yin Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Institute for Proactive Healthcare Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai China MOE Key Laboratory of AI School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Eye Center School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China Medical Records and Statistics Office Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General Hospital SingHealth-Duke Academic Medical Centre Singapore Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Health and Medical Center Wuxi China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Department of Nephrology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Nephrology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Ophthalmology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Centre for Big Dat

Background: Improving the accessibility of screening diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) are two major challenges in the field of diabetes care. We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning system to detect DKD and isolated diabetic nephropathy from retinal fundus images. Methods: In this population-based study, we developed a retinal image-based AI-deep learning system, DeepDKD, pretrained using 734 084 retinal fundus images. First, for DKD detection, we used 486 312 retinal images from 121 578 participants in the Shanghai Integrated Diabetes Prevention and Care System for development and internal validation, and ten multi-ethnic datasets from China, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, and the UK (65 406 participants) for external validation. Second, to differentiate isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD, we used 1068 retinal images from 267 participants for development and internal validation, and three multi-ethnic datasets from China, Malaysia, and the UK (244 participants) for external validation. Finally, we conducted two proof-of-concept studies: a prospective real-world study with 3 months' follow-up to evaluate the effectiveness of DeepDKD in screening DKD;and a longitudinal analysis of the effectiveness of DeepDKD in differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD on renal function changes with 4·6 years' follow-up. Findings: For detecting DKD, DeepDKD achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0·842 (95% CI 0·838–0·846) on the internal validation dataset and AUCs of 0·791–0·826 across external validation datasets. For differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD, DeepDKD achieved an AUC of 0·906 (0·825–0·966) on the internal validation dataset and AUCs of 0·733–0·844 across external validation datasets. In the prospective study, compared with the metadata model, DeepDKD could detect DKD wit

关键词： Deep learning

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A Deep Look into Neural Ranking Models for Information Retrieval

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Guo, Jiafeng Fan, Yixing Pang, Liang Yang, Liu Ai, Qingyao Zamani, Hamed Wu, Chen Croft, W. Bruce Cheng, Xueqi University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Cas Key Lab of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA United States

Ranking models lie at the heart of research on information retrieval (IR). During the past decades, different techniques have been proposed for constructing ranking models, from traditional heuristic methods, probabilistic methods, to modern machine learning methods. Recently, with the advance of deep learning technology, we have witnessed a growing body of work in applying shallow or deep neural networks to the ranking problem in IR, referred to as neural ranking models in this paper. The power of neural ranking models lies in the ability to learn from the raw text inputs for the ranking problem to avoid many limitations of hand-crafted features. Neural networks have sufficient capacity to model complicated tasks, which is needed to handle the complexity of relevance estimation in ranking. Since there have been a large variety of neural ranking models proposed, we believe it is the right time to summarize the current status, learn from existing methodologies, and gain some insights for future development. In contrast to existing reviews, in this survey, we will take a deep look into the neural ranking models from different dimensions to analyze their underlying assumptions, major design principles, and learning strategies. We compare these models through benchmark tasks to obtain a comprehensive empirical understanding of the existing techniques. We will also discuss what is missing in the current literature and what are the promising and desired future directions. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information retrieval

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