Electric dipole moments (EDM) of fundamental particles inherently violate time-reversal (T) and the combined charge-conjugation and parity symmetry (CP). We aim to measure the EDM of the muo...
Electric dipole moments (EDM) of fundamental particles inherently violate time-reversal (T) and the combined charge-conjugation and parity symmetry (CP). We aim to measure the EDM of the muon using the frozen-spin technique within a compact storage trap. This method exploits the high effective electric field, $$E\approx {165\,\mathrm{MV/m}}$$ , experienced in the rest frame of the muon with a momentum of about $${23\,\mathrm{MeV/}}c$$ when it passes through a solenoidal magnetic field of $$|\vec {B}|={2.5\,\textrm{T}}$$ . In this paper, we outline the fundamental considerations for a muon EDM search and present a conceptual design for a demonstration experiment to be conducted at secondary muon beamlines of the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. In Phase I, with an anticipated data acquisition period of 200 days, the expected sensitivity to a muon EDM is $$\sigma (d)\le {4E-21\,\mathrm{{\text {e}}\!\cdot \!\text {cm}}}$$ . In a subsequent phase, Phase II, we propose to improve the sensitivity to $$\sigma (d)\le {6E-23\,\mathrm{{\text {e}}\!\cdot \!\text {cm}}}$$ using a dedicated instrument installed on a different beamline that produces muons of momentum 125 $$\textrm{MeV}\!/\!{ c}$$ .
Nowadays, there is a growing need to use functionally gradient materials for use in biomedical applications. This requirement is particularly significant to the effect of implant application and gradient structure. Th...
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Nowadays, there is a growing need to use functionally gradient materials for use in biomedical applications. This requirement is particularly significant to the effect of implant application and gradient structure. The powder metallurgy technique was used in this study to fabricate titanium/hydroxyapatite and other FGM implants with the concentration changed gradually in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shape, to optimize both mechanical and biocompatibility properties or alter bio reactivity in each region. High-frequency induction heating, three-spark plasma sintering, and electric furnace heating techniques were implemented to sinter the materials. During the fabrication of titanium/hydroxyapatite functionally gradient materials and due to the stress relaxation in the implanted region of bone, Brinell hardness decreased gradually from the Ti part to the HA part. The results show that the tissue reaction occurred in a gradient in response to the gradient structure of FGM, which implies the possibility of controlling the tissue response via the gradient function of FGM.
Nanofluids are mixtures of a base fluid and nanoparticles (also known as nano-scaled particles), and they were used within advanced heat transfer applications with known aggregation issues as well as unreliability in ...
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Nanofluids are mixtures of a base fluid and nanoparticles (also known as nano-scaled particles), and they were used within advanced heat transfer applications with known aggregation issues as well as unreliability in performance. Molecular dynamics simulations can effectively look at nanofluid behavior with no disruptions, especially when considering the complications and limitations involved with performing experiments at the nano-scale. We conducted molecular dynamics simulations that investigate the thermal and atomic behaviors of a nanofluid, which involved ammonia nanofluids with copper nanoparticles in aluminum nanochannels. Our results focused on evaluating the outflow of the nanofluid and on determining the primary factors including maximum velocity, temperature heat flux and nanoparticle aggregation time while modifying the initial conditions of temperature (300-350 K), and pressure (1-5 bar). Furthermore, we found the thermophysical properties of the nanofluids were heavily dependent on the initial temperature and pressure. By improving the initial temperature and pressure, thermal systems can support the promotion of efficiency and sustainability. We also measured the kinetic and potential energies, with the potential energies measuring -8399.15 eV and 80.69 eV after 5 ns with no indications of structural instabilities. The results indicated that as the initial temperature was increased, maximum velocity increased from 0.00086 to 0.00099 Å/ps and maximum temperature increased from 240 to 258 K. Furthermore, heat flux decreased from 1411 to 1397 W/m² and aggregation time decreased from 3.96 to 3.93 ns. On the other hand, maximum velocity decreased to 0.00078 Å/ps and maximum temperature decreased to 234 K, as well as heat flux increased to 1436 W/m² and aggregation time increasing time was increased to 4.07 ns, with the increasing initial pressure. These results provided some insight into the optimization of nanofluids for energy conserving thermal control
The significance of advanced energy storage methods is underscored by the increasing demand for renewable energy, which is a result of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the high cost of gas. Silica aerog...
The significance of advanced energy storage methods is underscored by the increasing demand for renewable energy, which is a result of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the high cost of gas. Silica aerogels and phase change materials provide effective solutions for temperature regulation and thermal energy storage. This study examines the impact of magnetic field frequency on the thermal performance of a cubic silica aerogel/phase change material nanostructure that contained CuO nanoparticles. It capitalized on the superior thermal insulation properties of silica aerogels to enhance energy conservation and minimize environmental impact. The utilization of a molecular dynamic simulation enabled us to investigate the movement of heat between particles and their unique characteristics. The impact of various magnetic field frequencies on critical parameters, such as density, temperature, thermal conductivity, heat flux, and charging/discharging periods, was investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the maximum density increased from 0.999 to 1.035 atoms/ų as the magnetic field frequency increased to 0.05 fs⁻¹ . In contrast, the maximum velocity diminishes from 0.0092 to 0.0081 Å/fs, and the maximum temperature decreases from 762 K to 743 K. The heat flux and thermal conductivity diminish to 69.88 W/m² and 1.82 W/m·K, respectively, as the magnetic field frequency increases. It is important to note that the discharging time decreased slightly to 8.06 ns at a frequency of 0.05 fs⁻¹ , while the charging time increased, reaching 7.12 ns. These findings underscore the potential of the combination of PCMs with silica aerogels to improve thermal management and energy storage applications through the application of magnetic fields.
Innovative designs and models are essential for contemporary drug delivery systems to minimize adverse effects, maximize therapeutic efficacy, and enhance patient satisfaction. The use of cost-effective and biodegrada...
Innovative designs and models are essential for contemporary drug delivery systems to minimize adverse effects, maximize therapeutic efficacy, and enhance patient satisfaction. The use of cost-effective and biodegradable carbon structures has garnered significant interest in developing pharmaceutical carriers. This study utilized the molecular dynamics method to examine the nano-pumping efficacy of C20 molecules within a carbon nanotube (CNT) at various heat fluxes and atomic defects. Increasing the external heat flux enhanced the nano-pumping process, which was completed in the ideal nanotube after 7.15 ps. The atomic behavior of the fullerene sample improved with the application of thermal sources within the MD box, generating effective force. To investigate the impact of atomic defects on the nano-pumping process, ideal nanotubes were modified with defects in proportions of 1 %, 2 %, and 3 %. The computational outputs predicted that the nano-pumping process in the modeled system was optimized at a 1 % atomic defect ratio. When a 3 % atomic defect was introduced into the CNT sample, the nano-pumping process was completed in 9.64 picoseconds. The findings of this research using CNT-based systems are anticipated to pave the way for extraordinary developments in medicine and drug delivery.
MSC Codes 41A65, 43A15, 43A25, 44A05, 46A11, 46F05, 46F10, 47B10, 47B34The Segal algebra S0(G) is well defined for arbitrary locally compact Abelian Hausdorff (LCA) groups G. It is a Banach space that exhibits a kerne...
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The electric dipole moments (EDM) of fundamental particles inherently violate parity (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetries. By virtue of the CPT theorem in quantum field theory, the latter also implies the violation of...
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Cell segmentation is a critical step for quantitative single-cell analysis in microscopy images. Existing cell segmentation methods are often tailored to specific modalities or require manual interventions to specify ...
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The relationship between nature contact and mental well-being has received increasing attention in recent years. While a body of evidence has accumulated demonstrating a positive relationship between time in nature an...
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