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Temporal-guided Mixture-of-Experts for Zero-Shot Video Question Answering

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Qin, Yixin Zhao, Lei Gao, Lianli Zhang, Haonan Zeng, Pengpeng Shen, Heng Tao University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Center for Future Media School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China Sichuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Yibin644000 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen518110 China Tongji University Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science China

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a challenging task in the vision-language field. Due to the time-consuming and labor-intensive labeling process of the question-answer pairs, fully supervised methods are no longer suitable for the current increasing demand for data. This has led to the rise of zero-shot VideoQA, and some works propose to adapt large language models (LLMs) to assist zero-shot learning. Despite recent progress, the inadequacy of LLMs in comprehending temporal information in videos and the neglect of temporal differences, e.g., the different dynamic changes between scenes or objects, remain insufficiently addressed by existing attempts in zero-shot VideoQA. In light of these challenges, a novel Temporal-guided Mixture-of-Experts Network (T-MoENet) for zero-shot video question answering is proposed in this paper. Specifically, we apply a temporal module to imbue language models with the capacity to perceive temporal information. Then a temporal-guided mixture-of-experts module is proposed to further learn the temporal differences presented in different videos. It enables the model to effectively improve the capacity of generalization. Our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple zero-shot VideoQA benchmarks, notably improving accuracy by 5.6% on TGIF-FrameQA and 2.3% on MSRVTT-QA while remaining competitive with other methods in the fully supervised setting. The codes and models developed in this study will be made publicly available at https://***/qyx1121/T-MoENet. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes

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National science Review 2023年第8期10卷 211-221页

作者： Jun Lin Liang Dong Yi-Ming Liu Yi Hu Chen Jiang Ke Liu Liu Liu Yong-Hong Song Mei Sun Xing-Cheng Xiang Kun Qu Yang Lu Long-Ping Wen Shu-Hong Yu Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC School of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Molecular Medicine Department of Chemistry Institute of Biomimetic Materials&Chemistry Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC) Chinese Academy of Sciences Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHefei University of Technology The WUT-AMU Franco-Chinese Institute Wuhan University of Technology Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center

Activation of inflammasomes—immune system receptor sensor complexes that selectively activate inflammatory responses—has been associated with diverse human diseases, and many nanomedicine studies have reported that structurally and chemically diverse inorganic nanomaterials cause excessive inflammasome activation. Here, in stark contrast to reports of other inorganic nanomaterials, we find that nickel-cobalt alloy magnetic nanocrystals(NiCo NCs) actually inhibit activation of NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes. We show that NiCo NCs disrupt the canonical inflammasome ASC speck formation process by downregulating the lncRNA Neat1, and experimentally confirm that the entry of NiCo NCs into cells is required for the observed inhibition of inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we find that NiCo NCs inhibit neutrophil recruitment in an acute peritonitis mouse model and relieve symptoms in a colitis mouse model, again by inhibiting inflammasome activation. Beyond demonstrating a highly surprising and apparently therapeutic impact for an inorganic nanomaterial on inflammatory responses, our work suggests that nickel-and cobalt-containing nanomaterials may offer an opportunity to design anti-inflammatory nanomedicines for the therapeutics of macrophage-mediated diseases.

关键词： inflammasome nickel-cobalt nanoparticle Neat1 colitis NLRP3

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Leveraging protein-protein interactions in phenotype prediction through graph neural networks 21

Leveraging protein-protein interactions in phenotype predict...

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21st IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, CIBCB 2024

作者： Smeriglio, Riccardo Rosell-Mirmi, Joana Radeva, Petia Abante, Jordi Universitat de Barcelona Dpt. of Physics Spain Politecnico di Torino Control and Computer Engineering Dpt. Turin Italy Headache Research Group Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca Catalonia Barcelona Spain Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Neurosciences Dpt. of Mathematics & Computer Science Catalonia Barcelona Spain Laboratory of Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Creatio Production & Validation Center of Advanced Therapies Spain Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Neurosciences Dpt. of Biomedical Sciences Spain Dpt. of Mathematics & Computer Science Catalonia Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356632

Current genotype-to-phenotype models, such as polygenic risk scores, only account for linear relationships between genotype and phenotype and ignore epistatic interactions, limiting the complexity of the diseases that can be properly characterized. Protein-protein interaction networks have the potential to improve the performance of the models. Moreover, interactions at the protein level can have profound implications in understanding the genetic etiology of diseases and, in turn, for drug development. In this article, we propose a novel approach for phenotype prediction based on graph neural networks (GNNs) that naturally incorporates existing protein interaction networks into the model. As a result, our approach can naturally discover relevant epistatic interactions. We assess the potential of this approach using simulations and comparing it to linear and other non-linear approaches. We also study the performance of the proposed GNN-based methods in predicting Alzheimer's disease, one of the most complex neurodegenerative diseases, where our GNN approach outperform state of the art methods. In addition, we show that our proposal is able to discover critical interactions in the Alzheimer's disease. Our findings highlight the potential of GNNs in predicting phenotypes and discovering the underlying mechanisms of complex diseases. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Study on surface hydrogenated Ti6Al4V alloy for orthopedic implants

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Journal of Materials research and Technology 2024年 28卷 1504-1513页

作者： Lin, Yu-Chien Hu, Chih-Chien Nguyen, Thu-Trang Dhawan, Udesh Chou, Ching-Yi Lee, Yueh-Lien Yen, Hung-Wei Kuo, Yi-Jie Chung, Ren-Jei Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Bone and Joint Research Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko Taiwan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko Taiwan College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment Division of Biomedical Engineering James Watt School of Engineering Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre University of Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Taipei10608 Taiwan

Titanium-based alloys exhibit superior resistance to corrosion and biocompatibility in comparison to other alloys utilized for implant applications, such as stainless steel and cobalt-based alloys. Nonetheless, no completely inert metal is suitable for implantation in the human body, as aseptic loosening of the implant or the release of ions in the vicinity of the implant can result in inflammation and implant failure. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to employ hydrogenated titanium 6-aluminum-4-vanadium (H–Ti6Al4V) alloy to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby achieve the function of regulating inflammatory signaling when employed as an implant. The Ti6Al4V alloy was successfully hydrogenated using a cathodic hydrogen-charging method. The H–Ti6Al4V alloy displayed a surface Young's modulus 33.97 ± 9.21 GPa similar to that of trabecular bone (∼22.3 GPa) and notably lower hardness (3.32 ± 0.62 GPa) than the Ti6Al4V alloy (21.79 ± 2.42 GPa). In vitro and in vivo investigations indicated that the H–Ti6Al4V alloy did not negatively affect bone-related cells and triggered minimal inflammatory responses in Sprague–Dawley rats. Moreover, reduced ROS production was observed around the H–Ti6Al4V alloys, confirming that hydrogenation could effectively counteract the ROS generated during cell metabolism and indirectly impede the inflammatory response around the prosthesis, thereby rendering it a promising metallic implant for the treatment of bone defects. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Nanozymes regulated by nitrogen element:Mechanism,design,and application

Advanced Powder Materials

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advanced Powder Materials 2024年第4期3卷 9-26页

作者： Longhua Ding Longwei Wang Jian Zhang Na Ren Aizhu Wang Hong Liu Xin Yu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety&CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology Department of Life SciencesChalmers University of Technology41296GöoteborgSweden State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science MOEQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Nanozymes,a category of nanomaterials endowed with enzyme-mimicking capabilities,have exhibited considerable potential across diverse application *** comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of regulating nanozymes through N elements,elucidating the mechanisms governing N element control in the design and application of these *** initial sections introduce the foundational background and significance of *** exploration delves into the detailed discussion of N element regulation mechanisms on nanozymes,encompassing N vacancies,N doping,N coordination,and *** regulatory pathways play an instrumental role in fine-tuning the catalytic activity and specificity of *** review further scrutinizes practical applications of N element regulation on nanozymes,spanning sensing detection,infection therapy,tumor therapy,and pollutant *** conclusion,it succinctly summarizes the current research findings and proposes future directions for *** thorough investigation into the regulation of nanozymes by N elements anticipates precise control over their performance,thereby advancing the extensive utilization of nanozymes in the realms of biomedical and environmental applications.

关键词： Nnanozyme Nitrogen doping Nitrogen corrdination Infection therapy Tumor therapy

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Perioperative Anesthesia Data: Visualization, Effects, Analysis with Artificial Intelligence 4

Perioperative Anesthesia Data: Visualization, Effects, Analy...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Communications, Internet of Things and Big Data, ICEIB 2024

作者： Liu, Xiaoxiao McGrath, Sean Flanagan, Colin Lei, Yiming Zeng, Liaoyuan Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Ireland School of Mathematics and Information HeBei University HeBei China Mobile Digital Hospital System School of Electronics Peking University Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center Beijing China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360721

A comprehensive understanding of physiological data is essential for anesthesiologists to monitor and maintain the health of surgical patients. Understanding anesthetic signals is essential to improve over the past ten decades to comprehend a variety of diseases, ensure the safety of patients, and accelerate their recovery. We identified and summarized four themes of artificial intelligence (AI) research in anesthesia: applications of AI in anesthesiology, signals monitored in different anesthesia stages, commonly monitored signs, and data standardization. The effect of various AI technologies on data analysis was studied, and the types, functions, sensors, characteristics, and intelligent analysis of physiological signals monitored during anesthesia are presented in this article. AI influences anesthesia practices in many ways, including preoperative data evaluation, anesthetic depth monitoring, and postoperative event prediction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Digital Event-Based Stabilization of Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 5969-5974页

作者： M. Di Ferdinando S. Di Gennaro A. Borri P. Pepe Department of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics Center of Excellence DEWS University of L'Aquila L'Aquila Italy Institute of Systems Analysis and Computer Science National Research Council Rome Italy

In this paper, the stabilization problem of nonlinear time-delay systems via quantized sampled-data event-based controllers is investigated. Fully nonlinear (i.e., possibly non-affine in the control) systems affected by state delays are studied. Sufficient conditions are provided for the existence of a suitably fast sampling and of an accurate quantization of the input/output channels such that the digital implementation of the continuous-time controller at hand, updated through a proposed event-triggered mechanism, ensures the semi-global practical stability property, with arbitrarily small final target ball of the origin, of the related closed-loop system. A spline approximation methodology is used in order to cope with the problem of the possible non-availability in the buffer of suitable past values of the system variables needed for the digital implementation of the controller. The stabilization in the sample-and-hold sense theory is used as a tool to prove the results. In the theory here developed, the case of non-uniform quantization of the input/output channels and the case of aperiodic sampling are both included. The proposed theoretical results are validated through an application concerning the plasma glucose regulation problem in type-2 diabetic patients.

关键词： Quantized Sampled-Data Controllers Event-triggered Control Spline approximation Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems Stabilization in the Sample-and-Hold sense Glucose-Insulin model

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Polychromatic full-polarization control in mid-infrared light

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第5期12卷 894-904页

作者： Jin Chen Feilong Yu Xingsi Liu Yanjun Bao Rongsheng Chen Zengyue Zhao Jiuxu Wang Xiuxia Wang Wen Liu Yuzhi Shi Cheng-Wei Qiu Xiaoshuang Chen Wei Lu Guanhai Li State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences500 Yu Tian RoadShanghai 200083China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.1 SubLane XiangshanHangzhou 310024China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences 99 Xiupu RoadShanghai 201315China University of Chinese Academy of Science No.19 Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583Singapore Institute of Nanophotonics Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Center for Micro-and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Precision Optical Engineering School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute No.377 Linquan StreetSuzhouJiangsu 215123China

Objects with different shapes,materials and temperatures can emit distinct polarizations and spectral information in mid-infrared band,which provides a unique signature in the transparent window for object ***,the crosstalk among various polarization and wavelength channels prevents from accurate mid-infrared detections at high signal-to-noise ***,we report full-polarization metasurfaces to break the inherent eigen-polarization constraint over the wavelengths in *** recipe enables to select arbitrary orthogonal polarization basis at individual wavelength independently,therefore alleviating the crosstalk and efficiency degradation.A six-channel all-silicon metasurface is specifically presented to project focused mid-infrared light to distinct positions at three wavelengths,each with a pair of arbitrarily chosen orthogonal *** isolation ratio of 117 between neighboring polarization channels is experimentally recorded,exhibiting detection sensitivity one order of magnitude higher than existing infrared ***,the high aspect ratio~30 of our meta-structures manufactured by deep silicon etching technology at temperature−150℃ guarantees the large and precise phase dispersion control over a broadband from 3 to 4.5μ*** believe our results would benefit the noise-immune mid-infrared detections in remote sensing and space-to-ground communications.

关键词： polarization light noise

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RIS-Assisted Joint Waveform Design for PAPR-Aware UAV-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Gu, Meng Liu, Yaxi He, Boxin Huangfu, Wei Long, Keping University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services School of Computer and Communication Engineering Beijing100083 China University of Science and Technology Beijing Shunde Innovation School China

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-assisted Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems have received wide attention due to flexible mobility of UAVs and auxiliary links provided by RIS. However, the existing works usually neglect the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), a key communication performance metric that reflects amplifier efficiency, interference levels, and equipment costs. Motivated by this, we consider PAPR constraints in RIS-assisted UAV-enabled ISAC system. An optimization for joint beamforming and RIS phase-shift matrices design is established, with the goal of minimizing the weighted sum of the multiuser interference (MUI) for communication and sensing beam pattern mismatch (BPM), subject to PAPR constraints, power constraints, ideal beam direction approximation constraints, and constant mode constraints on the phase-shift matrices. To tackle this non-convex problem, a multivariate cyclic iterative alternating-direction multiplier method (MCI-ADMM) is adopted to decouple the original problem into three sub-problems regarding three variables. Some mathematical techniques are adopted to solve these sub-problems, including augmented lagrangian, constraint reconstruction method based on orthogonal Procrustes problem, manifold optimization, quadratic representation, and variable substitution. The experimental results show inherent trade-offs between dual functionalities under PAPR constraints. In addition, the consideration of PAPR performs better system performance compared with baselines. Also, the stability and reliability under different parameters settings are verified. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Understanding of the Relationship between the Properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2) Solar Cells and the Structure of Ag Network Electrodes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 246-253页

作者： Hyesun Yoo Hoang Van Quy Inpyo Lee Seung Taek Jo Tae Ei Hong JunHo Kim Dae-Hwang Yoo Jinwook Shin Walter Commerell Dae-Hwan Kim Jong Wook Roh Regional Leading Research Center(RLRC)of Smart Energy System Kyungpook National UniversityGyeongsangbuk-do 37224Korea Division of Energy Technology DaeguGyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Korea Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 47922Korea Nano Photoelectronic Device Lab Department of PhysicsIncheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Korea Institute for Energy and Drive Technology Technische Hochschule Ulm(THU)Ulm 89081Germany Department of Nano&Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityGyeongsangbuk-do 37224Korea

The relation between the structure of the silver network electrodes and the properties of Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)solar cells is systemically *** Ag network electrode is deposited onto an Al:ZnO(AZO)thin film,employing a self-forming cracked *** control over the cracked template's structure is achieved through careful adjustment of temperature and *** Ag network electrodes with different coverage areas and network densities are systemically applied to the CIGS solar *** is revealed that predominant fill factor(FF)is influenced by the figure of merit of transparent conducting electrodes,rather than sheet resistance,particularly when the coverage area falls within the range of 1.3–5%.Furthermore,a higher network density corresponds to an enhanced FF when the coverage areas of the Ag networks are *** utilizing a thinner AZO film,CIGS solar cells with a surface area of 1.0609 cm^(2)exhibit a notable performance improvement,with efficiency increasing from 10.48%to 11.63%.This enhancement is primarily attributed to the increase in FF from 45%to 65%.These findings underscore the considerable potential for reducing the thickness of the transparent conductive oxide(TCO)in CIGS modules with implications for practical applications in photovoltaic technology.

关键词： CIGS large-area solar cell metal mesh metallic network transparent electrode

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