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Global tracking of marine megafauna space use reveals how to achieve conservation targets

science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6751期388卷 1086-1097页

作者： Ana M M Sequeira Jorge P Rodríguez Sarah A Marley Hannah J Calich Mirjam van der Mheen Michelle VanCompernolle Lucy M Arrowsmith Lauren R Peel Nuno Queiroz Marisa Vedor Ivo da Costa Gonzalo Mucientes Ana Couto Nicolas E Humphries Sara Abalo-Morla Francisco J Abascal Debra L Abercrombie Katya Abrantes F Alberto Abreu-Grobois André S Afonso Pedro Afonso Heidi Ahonen Susanne Åkesson Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto Russel D Andrews Frédéric Angelier Marina Antonopoulou Javier A Arata Gonzalo Araujo Randall Arauz José Manuel Arcos Igor Arregui Haritz Arrizabalaga Marie Auger-Méthé Steffen Bach Fred Bailleul Robin W Baird George H Balazs Susan G Barco Adam Barnett Warren Baverstock Alastair M M Baylis Annalea Beard Juan Bécares Eduardo J Belda Ian Bell Ashley Bennison Scott R Benson Diego Bernal Michael L Berumen Sandra Bessudo Natalia P A Bezerra Antonin V Blaison Gabriela S Blanco Barbara A Block Mark Bolton Mark E Bond Ramón Bonfil Camrin D Braun Annette C Broderick Michael de L Brooke Annabelle M L Brooks Edward J Brooks Ignacio M Bruno Jennifer M Burns Michael E Byrne Steven E Campana Hamish A Campbell Richard A Campbell Aaron Carlisle Ruth H Carmichael Gemma Carroll Paolo Casale Filipe R Ceia Demian D Chapman Taylor K Chapple Jean-Benoit Charrassin Andre Chiaradia John Chisholm Christopher R Clarke Thomas A Clay Christophe Cleguer Elizabeth Clingham Eric E G Clua Jesse E M Cochran Rochelle Constantine Robert W Cooper Estelle Crochelet Michelle Cronin Eduardo Cuevas Kayla P DaCosta Laurent Dagorn Ryan Daly Randall W Davis P J Nico de Bruyn Carlos Delgado-Trejo Thomas Dellinger Solène Derville Stella Diamant Andrew DiMatteo Kara L Dodge Philip D Doherty Michael C Double Alistair D M Dove Thomas K Doyle Michael J Drew Lindsay L Dubbs Clinton A J Duffy Peter H Dutton Ewan W J Edwards Luke D Einoder Mark V Erdmann Eduardo Espinoza Nicole Esteban Ana Isabel Fagundes Chris Feare Steven H Ferguson Luciana C Ferreira Francesco Ferretti John Filmalter Brittany Finucci G Chris Fischer Richard J Fitzpatrick Jorge Fontes Angela Formia Division of Ecology and Evolution Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra (Australian Capital Territory) Australia. UWA Oceans Institute and the School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC) CSIC-UIB Palma de Mallorca Spain. Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA) CSIC-UIB Esporles Illes Balears Spain. C.A. Illes Balears Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Palma Spain. Delegación Territorial en Illes Balears Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) Muelle de Poniente s/n Palma Spain. Scotland's Rural College (SRUC) Craibstone Estate Bucksburn Aberdeen UK. Oceans Graduate School and the UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. School of Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Perth (Western Australia) Australia. Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Biodiversity and Conservation Science Kensington (Western Australia) Australia. Save Our Seas Foundation Geneva Switzerland. The Manta Trust Catemwood House Norwood Lane Corscombe Dorset UK. Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO) InBIO Laboratório Associado Campus de Vairão Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal. BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land Planning Campus de Vairao Vairão Portugal. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC) Vigo Pontevedra Spain. School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK. Biomathematics and statistics Scotland The kings building Edinburgh Scotland. Marine Biological Association (MBA) The Laboratory Citadel Hill Plymouth UK. Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de Zonas Costeras Universitat Politècnica de València Gandia València Spain. Instituto Español de O

The recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of highly mobile marine megafauna, showing that 63% of the area that they cover is used 80% of the time as important migratory corridors or residence areas. The GBF 30% threshold (Target 3) will be insufficient for marine megafauna's effective conservation, leaving important areas exposed to major anthropogenic threats. Coupling area protection with mitigation strategies (e.g., fishing regulation, wildlife-traffic separation) will be essential to reach international goals and conserve biodiversity.

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First direct observation of isomeric decay in neutron-rich odd-odd 186Ta

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Watanabe, Y.X. Walker, P.M. Hirayama, Y. Mukai, M. Watanabe, H. Lane, G.J. Ahmed, M. Brunet, M. Hashimoto, T. Ishizawa, S. Kimura, S. Kondev, F.G. Litvinov, Yu.A. Miyatake, H. Moon, J.Y. Niwase, T. Oyaizu, M. Park, J.H. Podolyák, Zs. Rosenbusch, M. Schury, P. Wada, M. Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Department of Physics University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki305-0006 Japan RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama305-0198 Japan School of Physics International Research Center for Nuclei and Particles in the Cosmos Beihang University Beijing100191 China Department of Nuclear Physics Research School of Physics Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia Daejeon305-811 Korea Republic of Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yamagata992-8510 Japan Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt64291 Germany Department of Physics Kyushu University Nishi-ku Nishi-ku819-0395 Japan Department of Physics Bangladesh University of Textiles Advanced Radiation Technology Institute Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

De-excitation γ rays associated with an isomeric state of 186Ta were investigated. The isomers were produced in multinucleon transfer reactions between a 136Xe beam and a natural W target, and were collected and separated by the KEK Isotope Separation System. Two γ transitions with energies of 161.1(2) and 186.8(1) keV associated with an isomeric decay were observed for the first time. The half-life of the isomeric state of the neutral atom 186mTa was deduced as 17(2) s. Based on the comparison with the previous measurements of the isomeric state using the ESR storage ring at GSI Darmstadt and the coupling of angular momenta of individual particle orbitals in odd-odd nuclei, a decay scheme of 186mTa was proposed. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Isomers

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Circularly-polarized THz wave emission from a micro-thin water flow

Research Square

引用

research Square 2020年

作者： Huang, Hsin-Hui Juodkazis, Saulius Gamaly, Eugene G. Nagashima, Takeshi Yonezawa, Tetsu Hatanaka, Koji Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan School of Science Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8550 Japan Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Yokohama240-8501 Japan Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physics and Engineering The Australian National University CanberraACT0200 Australia Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan University 17-8 Ikeda-Nakamachi Neyagawa Osaka572-8508 Japan Division of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration Hokkaido University Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan College of Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan33302 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Dong-Hwa University Hualien97401 Taiwan

Intense THz wave sources are highly expected for further progresses in nonlinear THz science and practical implementation of non-ionizing radiation in sensing and communications. Solid-based sources have inherent limits of material breakdown, while intense laser irradiation of liquids is a promising emerging technique for THz wave and hard X-ray emission. Water-based THz emission shows intensity enhancements up to 103 times when laser-pulse pairs with nanosecond delay are used. Here we show circularly-polarized THz wave emission from thin water flow irradiated by two time-separated and linearly-polarized femtosecond laser pulses. THz time-domain spectroscopy reveals the circularly-polarized THz emission dominates 4.7 ns after the first pulse irradiation. THz wave detection delay in the spectroscopy and time-resolved micrography indicate that the THz wave emission originates from the rarefied volume in front of the flow. Radial relaxation of charges in the focal volume where ponderomotive charge depletion occurred on the optical axis is the origin for the circular polarization (due to spiraling currents). Tight focusing of fs-laser pulses localized THz wave emission to the sub-wavelength (tens-of-micrometers) region. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Laser pulses

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Evolution of innovative behaviors on scale-free networks

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第4期13卷 275-283页

作者： Ying-Ting Lin Xiao-Pu Han Bo-Kui Chen Jun Zhou Bing-Hong Wang Department of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Minjiang University Fuzhou 350108 China Alibaba Research Center for Complexity Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China Division of Logistics and Transportation Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Computer Science School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore 117417 Singapore Department of Modern Physics and Nonlinear Science Center University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Innovation, which involves technological transformation and management reorganization, brings about significant changes in modern society. In this paper, to investigate how innovations can be promoted, we propose a game-based model to study the co-evolutionary dynamics of human innovative behaviors. A simulation on scale-free networks is conducted, in which the innovative behavior of each node is determined and updated based on the feedback regarding its innovation, namely the diffusion of the innovation status. Numerical simulations of the model generate a series of patterns, which is consistent with people＇s daily experiences and perceptions as regards real-world innovative behaviors. Specifically, various scaling spatiotemporal properties and rich structural impacts on dynamics can be observed. This model provides a novel approach to understand the evolution of innovative behaviors and provides insight for strategy studies of innovation promotion.

关键词： innovative behaviors innovation diffusion evolutionary game coevolution dynamics scale-free networks

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Observation of the J/ψ→μ+μ−μ+μ− decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV

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Physical Review D 2024年第11期109卷 L111101-L111101页

作者： A. Hayrapetyan A. Tumasyan W. Adam J. W. Andrejkovic T. Bergauer S. Chatterjee K. Damanakis M. Dragicevic P. S. Hussain M. Jeitler N. Krammer A. Li D. Liko I. Mikulec J. Schieck R. Schöfbeck D. Schwarz M. Sonawane S. Templ W. Waltenberger C.-E. Wulz M. R. Darwish T. Janssen P. Van Mechelen N. Breugelmans J. D’Hondt S. Dansana A. De Moor M. Delcourt F. Heyen S. Lowette I. Makarenko D. Müller S. Tavernier M. Tytgat G. P. Van Onsem S. Van Putte D. Vannerom B. Clerbaux A. K. Das G. De Lentdecker H. Evard L. Favart P. Gianneios D. Hohov J. Jaramillo A. Khalilzadeh F. A. Khan K. Lee M. Mahdavikhorrami A. Malara S. Paredes M. A. Shahzad L. Thomas M. Vanden Bemden C. Vander Velde P. Vanlaer M. De Coen D. Dobur G. Gokbulut Y. Hong J. Knolle L. Lambrecht D. Marckx G. Mestdach K. Mota Amarilo A. Samalan K. Skovpen N. Van Den Bossche J. van der Linden L. Wezenbeek A. Benecke A. Bethani G. Bruno C. Caputo J. De Favereau De Jeneret C. Delaere I. S. Donertas A. Giammanco A. O. Guzel Sa. Jain V. Lemaitre J. Lidrych P. Mastrapasqua T. T. Tran S. Wertz G. A. Alves M. Alves Gallo Pereira E. Coelho G. Correia Silva C. Hensel T. Menezes De Oliveira A. Moraes P. Rebello Teles M. Soeiro A. Vilela Pereira W. L. Aldá Júnior M. Barroso Ferreira Filho H. Brandao Malbouisson W. Carvalho J. Chinellato E. M. Da Costa G. G. Da Silveira D. De Jesus Damiao S. Fonseca De Souza R. Gomes De Souza M. Macedo J. Martins C. Mora Herrera L. Mundim H. Nogima J. P. Pinheiro A. Santoro A. Sznajder M. Thiel C. A. Bernardes L. Calligaris T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei E. M. Gregores I. Maietto Silverio P. G. Mercadante S. F. Novaes B. Orzari Sandra S. Padula A. Aleksandrov G. Antchev R. Hadjiiska P. Iaydjiev M. Misheva M. Shopova G. Sultanov A. Dimitrov L. Litov B. Pavlov P. Petkov A. Petrov E. Shumka S. Keshri S. Thakur T. Cheng T. Javaid L. Yuan Z. Hu Z. Liang J. Liu K. Yi G. M. Chen H. S. Chen M. Chen F. Iemmi C. H. Jiang A. Kapoor H. Liao Z.-A. Liu R. Sharma J. N. Song J. Tao C. Wang J. Wang Z. Wang H. Zhang J. Zhao A. Agapitos Y. Ban S. Deng B. Guo C. Jian Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Indian Institute of Technology Madras Madras India Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Korea University Seoul Korea Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Hamburg Germany Kyung Hee University Department of Physics Seoul Korea Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China Florida State University Tallahassee Florida USA Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE)—Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia University of Split Faculty of Science Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia University of C

The J/ψ→μ+μ−μ+μ− decay has been observed with a statistical significance in excess of five standard deviations. The analysis is based on an event sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment in 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 33.6 fb−1. Normalizing to the J/ψ→μ+μ− decay mode leads to a branching fraction of [10.1−2.7+3.3(stat)±0.4(syst)]×10−7, a value that is consistent with the standard model prediction.

关键词： Muons Quarkonia Hadron colliders

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Publisher Correction: High-efficiency stretchable light-emitting polymers from thermally activated delayed fluorescence

引用

Nature materials 2023年 2023 May 19页

作者： Wei Liu Cheng Zhang Riccardo Alessandri Benjamin T Diroll Yang Li Heyi Liang Xiaochun Fan Kai Wang Himchan Cho Youdi Liu Yahao Dai Qi Su Nan Li Songsong Li Shinya Wai Qiang Li Shiyang Shao Lixiang Wang Jie Xu Xiaohong Zhang Dmitri V Talapin Juan J de Pablo Sihong Wang Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. Nanoscience and Technology Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou China. Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea. State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies Soochow University Suzhou China. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. depablo@uchicago.edu. Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. depablo@uchicago.edu. Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. sihongwang@uchicago.edu. Nanoscience and Technology Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. sihongwang@uchicago.edu. Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. sihongwang@uchicago.edu.

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A framework of biomarkers for brain aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium

Life Medicine

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Life Medicine 2023年第3期2卷 5页

作者： Aging Biomarker Consortium,Yu-Juan Jia Jun Wang Jun-Rong Ren Piu Chan Shengdi Chen Xiao-Chun Chen Jagadish K Chhetri Junhong Guo Qihao Guo Lingjing Jin Qiang Liu Wenlin Ma Zhiyong Mao Moshi Song Weihong Song Yi Tang Difei Wang Peijun Wang Lize Xiong Keqiang Ye Junjian Zhang Weiqi Zhang Xiaoqing Zhang Yunwu Zhang Zhanjun Zhang Zhuohua Zhang Jialin Zheng Guang-Hui Liu Yi Eve Sun Yan-Jiang Wang Gang Pei Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience Daping Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042 China Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 China Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience Daping Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400042 China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Neurology Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350001 China Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 China Department of Gerontology Shanghai Sixth People?s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200233 China Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation Shanghai Disabled Persons? Federation Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation Assistive Devices and Technologies Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center) Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Department of Neurology Institute of Neuroimmunology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052 China Department of Cardiology Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research School of Lif

China and the world are facing severe population aging and an increasing burden of age-related diseases. Aging of the brain causes major age-related brain diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Identifying biomarkers for the effective assessment of brain aging and establishing a brain aging assessment system could facilitate the development of brain aging intervention strategies and the effective prevention and treatment of aging-related brain diseases. Thus, experts from the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) have combined the latest research results and practical experience to recommend brain aging biomarkers and form an expert consensus, aiming to provide a basis for assessing the degree of brain aging and conducting brain-aging-related research with the ultimate goal of improving the brain health of elderly individuals in both China and the world.

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The application of an extracellular vesicle-based biosensor in early diagnosis and prediction of chemoresponsiveness in ovarian cancer

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Cancer Letters 2024年 581卷 216533-216533页

作者： Tsang, Benjamin K. Asare-Werehene, Meshach Hunter, Rob Gerber, Emma Reunov, Arkadiy Brine, Isaiah Chang, Chia-Yu Chang, Chia-Ching Shieh, Dar-Bin Burger, Dylan Anis, Hanan Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Cellular & Molecular Medicine Centre for Infection Immunity and Inflammation Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Chronic Disease Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa ON K1Y 4E9 Canada Department of Biology St. Francis Xavier University 2320 Notre Dame Avenue Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Department of Biological Science and Department of Electrophysics Technology Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30068 Taiwan Institute of Basic Medical Science Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology National Cheng Kung University Hospital National Cheng Kung University Tainan 704 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 10529 Taiwan

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Observing and modeling the sequential pairwise reactions that drive solidstate ceramic synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Miura, Akira Bartel, Christopher J. Goto, Yusuke Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu Moriyoshi, Chikako Kuroiwa, Yoshihiro Wang, Yongming Yaguchi, Toshie Shirai, Manabu Nagao, Masanori Rosero-Navarro, Nataly Carolina Tadanaga, Kiyoharu Ceder, Gerbrand Sun, Wenhao Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo060-8628 Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji192-0397 Japan Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashihiroshima739-8526 Japan Creative Research Institution Hokkaido University Kita 21 Nishi 10 Sapporo001-0021 Japan Hitachi High-Tech Corporation Ichige 882 Hitachinaka312-8504 Japan Center for Crystal Science and Technology University of Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Solid-state synthesis from powder precursors is the primary processing route to advanced multicomponent ceramic materials. Designing ceramic synthesis routes is usually a laborious, trialand- error process, as heterogeneous mixtures of powder precursors often evolve through a complicated series of reaction intermediates. Here, we show that phase evolution from multiple precursors can be modeled as a sequence of pairwise interfacial reactions, with thermodynamic driving forces that can be efficiently calculated using ab initio methods. Using the synthesis of the classic high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x(YBCO) as a representative system, we rationalize how replacing the common BaCO3precursor with BaO2redirects phase evolution through a kinetically-facile pathway. Our model is validated from in situ X-ray diffraction and in situ microscopy observations, which show rapid YBCO formation from BaO2in only 30 minutes. By combining thermodynamic modeling with in situ characterization, we introduce a new computable framework to interpret and ultimately design synthesis pathways to complex ceramic materials. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Barium compounds

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A Tale of Two Isomers: Enhanced Antiaromaticity/Diradical Character versus Deleterious Ring-Opening of Benzofuran-fuseds-Indacenes and Dicyclopenta[b,g]naphthalenes

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Angewandte Chemie 2021年第41期133卷

作者： Joshua E. Barker Tavis W. Price Lucas J. Karas Dr. Ryohei Kishi Dr. Samantha N. MacMillan Dr. Lev N. Zakharov Prof. Carlos J. Gómez-García Prof. Judy I. Wu Prof. Masayoshi Nakano Prof. Michael M. Haley Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1253 USA Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston Texas 77204 USA Department of Materials Engineering Science Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology International Advanced Research Institute (QIQB-IARI) Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan Division of Quantum Photochemical Engineering Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry (RCSEC) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Center for Advanced Materials Characterization at Oregon (CAMCOR) University of Oregon Eugene Oregon 97403-1433 USA Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Spain Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI) Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan

We examine the effects of fusing two benzofurans to s -indacene (indacenodibenzofurans, IDBFs) and dicyclopenta[ b,g ]naphthalene (indenoindenodibenzofurans, IIDBFs) to control the strong antiaromaticity and diradical character of these core units. Synthesis via 3-functionalized benzofuran yields syn -IDBF and syn -IIDBF. syn -IDBF possesses a high degree of paratropicity, exceeding that of the parent hydrocarbon, which in turn results in strong diradical character for syn -IIDBF. In the case of the anti -isomers, synthesized via 2-substituted benzofurans, these effects are decreased; however, both derivatives undergo an unexpected ring-opening reaction during the final dearomatization step. All the results are compared to the benzothiophene-fused analogues and show that the increased electronegativity of oxygen in the syn -fused derivatives leads to enhancement of the antiaromatic core causing greater paratropicity. For syn -IIDBF increased diradical character results from rearomati-zation of the core naphthalene unit in order to relieve this paratropicity.

关键词： antiaromaticity diradicaloid heterocycles indacene polycyclic hydrocarbons

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