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IEEE Annual Conference on Wireless and Microwave Technology (WAMICON)

作者： Michael D. Grady Thomas M. Weller Electromagnetics Division Advanced Concepts Laboratory (ACL) Georgia Tech Research Institute Atlanta GA School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR

Human body tissue-mimicking biological phantoms (bio-phantoms) mimic the electrical and physical properties of actual body tissue and are useful structures for validating wireless thermometer performance. A hybrid bio-phantom testbed designed to operate with an antenna system is presented. The hybrid bio-phantom has realistic dielectric properties and is well matched to the antenna. Reflection properties are validated for an antenna-phantom testbed, and the properties show an accurate prediction for the characteristics of a realistic finite thickness multilayered human body from 0.4 to 3 GHz.

关键词： Wireless communication Microwave antennas Solvents Thermometers Phantoms Muscles Biology

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Study of yttrium hydride in pure yttrium during hydrogen absorption at high temperature

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 145卷 578-588页

作者： Wang, Xinru Li, Changji Xiong, Liangyin Liu, Shi School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016 China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Technical Support Division Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Yttrium hydride (YHx) is a highly promising neutron moderator due to its outstanding thermal stability. This study presents a systematic microstructure investigation of YHx with varying hydrogen contents, synthesized via direct hydrogenation of pure yttrium, using TEM and EBSD. The results reveal that hydride formation initiates through isolated nucleation followed by coalescence. The δ hydrides adopt two twin-related orientations (δ1 and δ2), {111} < 112‾>, maintaining an orientation relationship of {0001}α || {111}δ, <1‾21‾0>α || <1‾10>δ with α-Y. The coexistence of multiple hydride variants, where secondary variants are twins induced by the primary variant δ1, is driven by increasing hydrogen content and acts as a stress accommodation mechanism. The phase transformation from α-Y to δ-YH2 is mediated by the glide of Shockley partial dislocations coupled with atomic shuffling. These findings offer critical guidance for material design in nuclear applications.

关键词： EBSD Phase transition mechanism Pure yttrium TEM Twin variant Yttrium hydride

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Bayesian hypergame approach to equilibrium stability and robustness in moving target defense

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hanzheng Cheng, Zhaoyang Chen, Guanpu Johansson, Karl Henrik Shanghai Research Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems Tongji University Shanghai China Academy of Mathematics and System Science Chinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology The Digital Futures Stockholm Sweden

We investigate the equilibrium stability and robustness in a class of moving target defense problems, in which players have both incomplete information and asymmetric cognition. We first establish a Bayesian Stackelberg game model for incomplete information and then employ a hypergame reformulation to address asymmetric cognition. With the core concept of the hyper Bayesian Nash equilibrium (HBNE), a condition for achieving both the strategic and cognitive stability in equilibria can be realized by solving linear equations. Moreover, to deal with players’ underlying perturbed knowledge, we study the equilibrium robustness by presenting a condition of robust HBNE under the given configuration. Experiments evaluate our theoretical results. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nash equilibrium

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A Cautionary Note on Poli's Stability Condition for Particle Swarm Optimization

A Cautionary Note on Poli's Stability Condition for Particle...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)

作者： Daniel H. Von Eschwege Andries P. Engelbrecht Department of Industrial Engineering Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Industrial Engineering and Computer Science Division Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics Gulf University for Science and Technology Kuwait Kuwait

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a swarm intelligence algorithm that finds candidate solutions by iteratively updating the positions of particles in a swarm. PSO performance depends on the use of a suitable control parameter (CP) configuration, which governs the trade-off between exploration and exploitation in the swarm. Various methods of adapting or tuning CPs exist, but many result in exploding particle velocities and an unstable search process. Poli's stability condition ensures convergence in the mathematical limit, and is often used to inform CP configuration. However, this study shows that since it does not place any practical convergence constraints, it cannot be used to guarantee a stable search process. Velocity explosion occurs nonetheless and can lead to floating-point overflow and numerical instability. The investigation into various CP configurations across diverse functions and measurements of particle velocities provides empirical evidence of velocity explosion, and cautions against the assumption that enforcing Poli's criterion guarantees stability. The findings underline the need for comprehensive understanding of CP tuning and stability conditions in PSO, as well as the crucial role of empirical evidence in evaluating the real-world performance of swarm intelligence algorithms.

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DX2CT: Diffusion Model for 3D CT Reconstruction from Bi or Mono-planar 2D X-ray(s)

DX2CT: Diffusion Model for 3D CT Reconstruction from Bi or M...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Yun Su Jeong Hye Bin Yoo Il Yong Chun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Republic of Korea Departments of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Display Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Republic of Korea Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Suwon Republic of Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Computational tomography (CT) provides high-resolution medical imaging, but it can expose patients to high radiation. X-ray scanners have low radiation exposure, but their resolutions are low. This paper proposes a new conditional diffusion model, DX2CT, that reconstructs three-dimensional (3D) CT volumes from bi or mono-planar X-ray image(s). Proposed DX2CT consists of two key components: 1) modulating feature maps extracted from two-dimensional (2D) X-ray(s) with 3D positions of CT volume using a new transformer and 2) effectively using the modulated 3D position-aware feature maps as conditions of DX2CT. In particular, the proposed transformer can provide conditions with rich information of a target CT slice to the conditional diffusion model, enabling high-quality CT reconstruction. Our experiments with the bi or mono-planar X-ray(s) benchmark datasets show that proposed DX2CT outperforms several state-of-the-art methods. Our codes and model will be available at: https://***/intyeger/DX2CT.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Computed tomography Two-dimensional displays Diffusion models Transformers Feature extraction Speech processing X-ray imaging Image reconstruction Biomedical imaging

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Deep learning for brain age estimation: A systematic review

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Information Fusion 2023年 96卷 130-143页

作者： Tanveer, M. Ganaie, M.A. Beheshti, Iman Goel, Tripti Ahmad, Nehal Lai, Kuan-Ting Huang, Kaizhu Zhang, Yu-Dong Del Ser, Javier Lin, Chin-Teng Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol Indore453552 India Department of Robotics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Rady Faculty of Health Sciences Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba WinnipegMB Canada Biomedical Imaging Lab National Institute of Technology Silchar Assam 788010 India Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Data Science Research Center Duke Kunshan University China School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom Derio48160 Spain Bilbao48013 Spain School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia

Over the years, Machine Learning models have been successfully employed on neuroimaging data for accurately predicting brain age. Deviations from the healthy brain aging pattern are associated with the accelerated brain aging and brain abnormalities. Hence, efficient and accurate diagnosis techniques are required to elicit accurate brain age estimations. Several contributions have been reported in the past for this purpose, resorting to different data-driven modeling methods. Recently, deep neural networks (also referred to as deep learning) have become prevalent in manifold neuroimaging studies, including brain age estimation. In this review, we offer a comprehensive analysis of the literature related to the adoption of deep learning for brain age estimation with neuroimaging data. We detail and analyze different deep learning architectures used for this application, pausing at research works published to date quantitatively exploring their application. We also examine different brain age estimation frameworks, comparatively exposing their advantages and weaknesses. Finally, the review concludes with an outlook towards future directions that should be followed by prospective studies. The ultimate goal of this paper is to establish a common and informed reference for newcomers and experienced researchers willing to approach brain age estimation by using deep learning models. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Access Control Based on Self-Sovereign Identity 16

Access Control Based on Self-Sovereign Identity

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16th International Conference on Electronics, computers and Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Nita, Stefania Loredana Mihailescu, Marius Iulian Marascu, Valentina Rogobete, Marius Faculty of Information Systems and Cyber Security Military Technical Academy 'Ferdinand i' Department of Computers and Cybersecurity Bucharest Romania 'Spiru Haret' University Scientific Research Center in Mathematics and Informatics Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Bucharest Romania National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics Low Temperature Plasma Department Bucharest Romania Telematics Harman International Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371154

In the rapidly growing interest in digital identity management, there is an important shift toward adopting verifiable credentials, often based on blockchain technology. This transition highlights a growing interest in the concept of Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI), a paradigm that empowers individuals with control over their own digital identities through the use of verifiable credentials. This paper introduces a novel access control framework that leverages the principles of SelfSovereign Identity to significantly enhance the security of system access based on the users' credentials. By integrating the decentralized and user-centric nature of SSI, our proposed framework aims to address existing vulnerabilities in traditional access control systems. It provides a robust, scalable, and controlled mechanism that ensures higher levels of trust and security in digital interactions. This approach aligns with the broader digital identity trends favoring transparency, user autonomy, and trust. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic document identification systems

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Some fractional-order modeling and analysis of the transmission dynamics together with prevention controls

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2024年 1-25页

作者： Guirao, Juan L. G. Jan, Rashid Baleanu, Dumitru Mohammed, Pshtiwan Othman Abdullah, Farah Aini Chorfi, Nejmeddine Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Technical University of Cartagena Hospital de Marina Cartagena Spain Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI) College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Kajang Malaysia Mathematics Research Center Near East University TRNC Nicosia Turkey Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Institute of Space Science-Subsidiary of INFLPR Magurele-Bucharest Romania Department of Mathematics College of Education University of Sulaimani Sulaimani Iraq Research and Development Center University of Sulaimani Sulaymaniyah Iraq School of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia USM Penang Malaysia Department of Mathematics College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The purpose of the present research is to improve our understanding of how coronavirus infection spreads by creating an epidemic model that incorporates isolation and quarantine measures. The dynamics of this viral spread are represented using the Caputo–Fabrizio operator. By analyzing the equilibria of the model and utilizing the next-generation matrix method, we determine the endemic indicator, $${\mathcal {R}}_0$$ . The main findings demonstrate that the equilibrium without infection is locally stable when $${\mathcal {R}}_0$$ is less than one and unstable otherwise. Also, we demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the solution of our recommended model. In addition to this, we interrogate the solution pathways of the system by varying different factors, aiming to comprehend the intricate transmission of COVID-19 and visualize the crucial factors of the system that can aid public health officials in the control of the spread of infection.

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Neutron transmission imaging system with a superconducting kinetic inductance detector 36

Neutron transmission imaging system with a superconducting k...

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36th International Symposium on Superconductivity, ISS 2023

作者： Dang Vu, The Shishido, Hiroaki Aizawa, Kazuya Oku, Takayuki Oikawa, Kenichi Harada, Masahide Kojima, Kenji M. Miyajima, Shigeyuki Soyama, Kazuhiko Koyama, Tomio Hidaka, Mutsuo Suzuki, Soh Y. Tanaka, Manobu M. Machida, Masahiko Kawamata, Shuichi Ishida, Takekazu Division of Quantum and Radiation Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka599-8570 Japan Materials and Life Science Division J-PARC Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Ibaraki Tokai319-1195 Japan Department of Physics and Electronics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka599-8531 Japan Centre for Molecular and Materials Science TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall VancouverBCV6T 2A3 Canada Advanced ICT Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 588-2 Iwaoka Nishi-ku Hyogo Kobe651-2492 Japan Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Center for Computational Science & E-Systems Japan Atomic Energy Agency 178-4-4 Wakashiba Chiba Kashiwa277-0871 Japan

We optimized the design and operating conditions of our superconducting neutron detector to improve spatial resolution. We obtained the best spatial resolution of 10 μm when a Gd Siemens star pattern was mounted in close contact with the detector. Although there is a trade-off between a spatial resolution and an easiness of replacing samples, we built our superconducting neutron imaging system for measuring in both the room-temperature samples with a proper collimation ratio L/D for achieving a reasonable spatial resolution and a cryogenic temperature with the best spatial resolution for certain purposes. In this study, we obtained neutron transmission images of various samples when they were cooled down with the superconducting neutron detector. We compared the effect of a different sample-detector distance on a spatial resolution when the samples were placed either at cryogenic temperature or at room temperature. We also confirmed that our CB-KID sensor was able to observe the neutron transmission coefficient over wider energies of pulsed neutrons. We found the appearance of clear Bragg dips by the measurements of natural FeS2 single crystals and succeeded in mapping the distribution of differently-oriented crystals by choosing several Bragg dips of the FeS2 crystals to compose the transmission images. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Single crystals

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Peculiar microstructural evolution and hardness variation depending on laser powder bed fusion-manufacturing condition in Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo

Smart Materials in Manufacturing

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Smart Materials in Manufacturing 2024年 2卷

作者： Cobbinah, Prince Valentine Matsunaga, Sae Toda, Yoshiaki Ozasa, Ryosuke Okugawa, Masayuki Ishimoto, Takuya Liu, Yuheng Koizumi, Yuichiro Wang, Pan Nakano, Takayoshi Yamabe-Mitarai, Yoko Department of Advanced Materials Science Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Research Center for Structural Materials National Institute for Materials Science Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Aluminium Research Center University of Toyama Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR)

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the phase and microstructure evolution and related hardness variations of the Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo wt.% (Ti6246) alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) under various laser conditions and to gain insight into the mechanisms of these changes using numerical thermal analysis. Higher laser volumetric densities (VEDs) resulted in a finer α/α' microstructure and increased hardness, exhibiting a positive correlation with the VED, except under extremely high conditions. This contrary trend, reported for the first time, is attributed to the solid-phase transformation from the β phase to metastable α' martensite during LPBF induced by rapid cooling. Despite the finer microstructure, the samples under very high VED conditions showed lower hardness, deviating from the overall trend. The X-ray diffraction peaks in the high-VED samples suggested a partial decomposition of α' to α + β owing to laser-induced reheating of the underlying layers, which is considered a contributing factor to the hardness reduction. The numerical analysis showed that the underlying layer was exposed to high temperatures for a relatively long time under high-VED conditions. It was revealed that the hardness of LPBF-fabricated Ti6246 was influenced by unique thermal processes: rapid cooling and reheating of the pre-solidified part, leading to the formation of a metastable α' phase and partial decomposition into α + β. These findings provide insights for tailoring Ti6246 with desired physical properties via LPBF. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： LPBF Metastable phase Polycrystalline microstructure Rapid cooling Thermal history Ti6246

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