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International Phoenix Conference on computers and Communications (IPCCC)

作者： K. Maly S. Olariu Liping Zhang N. Rao Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA Center for Engineering Systems Advanced Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA

The main contribution of this work is to a new way of looking at fairness in a DQDB system. Our scheme is very simple and efficient to implement and compares favorably with the leading rate-controlled schemes proposed in the literature. In addition, simulation results show that in the presence of non-uniform loads, such as a file server being brought up, our scheme converges rapidly to a fair steady state.< >

关键词： Steady-state Throughput File servers Access protocols NASA Metropolitan area networks Costs Time measurement computer science systems engineering and theory

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A bit-controlled multichannel time slot permutation network

A bit-controlled multichannel time slot permutation network

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International Conference on Massively Parallel Processing Using Optical Interconnections

作者： R. Kannan H.F. Jordan K.Y. Lee C. Reed Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Denver Denver CO USA Optoelectronic Computing Systems Center University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA National Science Foundation Engineering Research USA Supercomputing Research Center Institute for Defence Analysis

We present a high-bandwidth multichannel time slot permuter handling N! permutations on N=2/sup n/ optical time division multiplexed (TDM) inputs arranged as /spl radic/N parallel frames with /spl radic/N time slots each. A generalized non-blocking property of the reverse banyan network is obtained and is used to derive a self-routing space-domain network and its counterpart in the time domain. The network is fully pipelineable and self-routing with distributed control obtained dynamically at each switch. The permuter uses O(/spl radic/N(n/sup 2/)) single-bit controlled 2/spl times/2 optical switching elements with feedforward and feedback fiber delay lines, (which is a factor of O(n) reduction in hardware compared to previously proposed multichannel time slot permuters), and provides higher throughputs as compared to earlier Benes based multichannel permuters. The network preserves frame integrity and has on initial frame delay which is linear in the number of time slots.

关键词： Time division multiplexing Optical feedback Bandwidth Optical switches Delay lines Optical fiber couplers Routing Distributed control Optical control Hardware

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Linearity testing in characteristic two

Linearity testing in characteristic two

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Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of computer science

作者： M. Bellare D. Coppersmith J. Hastad M. Kiwi M. Sudan Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Research Division IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA Department of Computer Science Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Applied Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

Let Dist(f,g)=Pr/sub u/ [f(u)/spl ne/g(u)] denote the relative distance between functions f,g mapping from a group G to a group H, and let Dist(f) denote the minimum, over all linear functions (homomorphisms) g, of Dist(f,g). Given a function f:G/spl rarr/H we let Err(f)=Pr/sub u/,v[f(u)+f(v)/spl ne/f(u+v)] denote the rejection probability of the BLR (Blum-Luby-Rubinfeld) linearity test. Linearity testing is the study of the relationship between Err(f) and Dist(f), and in particular the study of lower bounds on Err(f) in terms of Dist(f). The case we are interested in is when the underlying groups are G=GF(2)/sup n/ and H=GF(2). The corresponding test is used in the construction of efficient PCPs and thence in the derivation of hardness of approximation results, and, in this context, improved analyses translate into better non-approximability results. However, while several analyses of the relation of Err(f) to Dist(f) are known, none is tight. We present a description of the relationship between Err(f) and Dist(f) which is nearly complete in all its aspects, and entirely complete (i.e. tight) in some. In particular we present functions L,U:[0,1]/spl rarr/[0,1] such that for all x/spl isin/[0,1] we have L(x)

关键词： Linearity Testing computer science Upper bound Postal services Drives mathematics Scholarships Error correction codes

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FAULT-TOLERANT ASSOCIATE MEMORIES

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systems AND computerS IN JAPAN 1995年第7期26卷 1-12页

作者： FUJIWARA, E TANAKA, T Member Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan 152 Eui Fujiwara:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronics Engineering in 1968 and 1970 respectively and his Dr. of Eng. degree in 1981 all from Tokyo Institute of Technology. In 1970 he joined the NTT Musashino Electrical Communication Laboratories and engaged in developing PIPS-1 and PIPS-11 computer systems. In 1988 he joined the Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology as an Associate Professor. In 1990 he became a full Professor. He was a Visiting Professor at the Center for Advanced Computer Studies the University of Southwestern Louisiana from June 1985 to July 1986. His current research interests include coding theory for computers fault-tolerant memories VLSI defect-toleranceand WSI systems. He is a co-author ofError Control Coding for Computer Systems(Prentice-Hall1989) EssentiaLF of Error-Correcting Coding Techniques (Academic Press 1990) and other books. Dr. Fujiwara received the Young Engineer Award from the I.E.I.C.E. in 1978 and the Teshima Memorial Research Award in 1991. He is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of the Information Processing Society Japan. Associate Member

Because of its capability of high-speed search, the associative memory (CAM) is expected to be used in a variety of information processing systems. In this paper, novel fault-tolerant techniques which are effective for on-line use are proposed for TLB which is an example of the application of CAM. First, fault and error models of the TLB consisting of the CAM part and the SRAM part are clarified. Then, the fault-tolerant techniques for these faults and errors, such as distance separable technique, cod-ing technique, simplified 1-out-of-n check and graceful degradation, are proposed. The distance separable technique which encodes the data stored in the CAM part is the one which masks the faulty CAM part and prevents errors from propagating to the subsequent circuits. The coding technique checks the one-to-one correspondence between the data in the CAM and those in SRAM by using the SEC-DED code with byte error detection capability, i.e., SEC-DED-SbED code, and at the same time it detects and corrects errors in the data stored in SRAM. The simplified 1-out-of-n check processes association errors. The graceful degradation gives a flag in the faulty memory section and prevents it from being used. The methods proposed in this paper are evaluated from area augmentation and error detection capability perspectives. The results show that the fault-tolerant TLB with 32 virtual address bits, 32 physical address bits and 128 entries gives single fault detection probability of nearly 99 percent with 28 percent area increase.

关键词： CAM TLB DISTANCE SEPARABLE TECHNIQUE CODING TECHNIQUE SIMPLIFIED 1-OUT-OF-N CHECK GRACEFUL DEGRADATION

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AUTOMATED OPPOSING FORCES FOR TRAINING SIMULATIONS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1995年第3期107卷 245-252页

作者： ANTON, PS MCADOW, KL SMITH, DB LEHNER, PE SHARP, MA Dr. Philip S. Anton:is currently the Terhnology Area Manager of Modeling and Reasoning in the MITRE Advanced Information Technologies Center. His research at MITRE has included behavioral models of military doctrine and command environmental modeling and reasoning for command forces and intelligent simulations of military entities. His other interests include neural networks artificial intelligence and intelligent agents. Dr. Anton received a U.S. degree in Computer Engineering from UCLA and an M.S. degree and a Ph.D in Computational Neuroscience from the University of California. Irvine After finishing nuclear power training Mr. McAdow served as an Engineering Department Division Officer on USS Mariano G. Vallejo (SSBN 658). He then worked as a civilian far the Naval Coastal Systems Center and then far Martin Marietta Aero and Naval Systems in the development of various submarine systems and unmanned undersea vehicles. David Smith:has been a member of the technical staff at MITRE s Advanced Information Technologies center since 1993. He has a B.S. degree in Computer Science and Mathematics from Albright College and an M.S. degree in Information and Computer Science from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Paul Lehner:is a part-time Principal Scientist in the MITRE Advanced Information Technologies Center. In addition. Dr. Lehner is an Associate Professor of Systems Engineering at George Mason University. His research at MITRE has included automated planning and scheduling adversarial planning and reasoning against uncertainty. Dr. Lehner received a B.S. degree in Psychology from Bethany College. He also holds M.S. degrees in Psychology and Mathematics and a Ph.D. in Mathematical Psychology from the University of Michigan. Prior to his current employment at MITRE and at George Mason University Dr. Lehner served as the Technical Director of the Decision Sciences Section at PAR Government Systems Corporation. After finishing nuclear power training Cdr. Sharp served as an Engineering Department Divisi

Providing realistic opposing forces is critical to the successful use of military training simulations. Unfortunately, a number of issues can make the manual control of realistic opposing forces difficult or unattainable, This paper explores these issues while discussing how Automatic Interactive Targets (AITs) can assist Training Exercise Controllers (TECs) in providing validated and realistic opposing forces in highly interactive situations. The features of the prototype Remote AIT Processing System (RAPS) are used to demonstrate how an AIT system can be designed to meet TEC requirements for automated entities, RAPS can provide remote control of AITs for existing or new systems while providing sufficient features to allow a TEC to appropriately select and control AITs for individual training exercises and crew proficiencies.

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PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED TLM COMPUTATION WITH SIGNAL-PROCESSING FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD MODELING

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS 1995年第3-4期8卷 169-185页

作者： SO, PPM ESWARAPPA, C HOEFER, WJR NSERC/MPR Teltech Research Chair in RF Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia V8W 3P6 Canada Poman So received his B.Sc. degree in computer science and physics from the University of Toronto Toronto Onatario Canada in 1985. He obtained his B.A. Sc. and M.A.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering (summa cum laude) from the University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada in 1987 and 1989 respectively. Mr So was a research engineer in the University of Ottawa from January 1989 to October 1991 his research interests included CAD techniques of microwave circuits and numerical methods for electromagnetic wave modelling. He specialized in the development of electromagnetic engineering CAD software and successfully implemented a number of electromagnetic wave simulators based on the two-dimensional and three-dimensional transmission-line matrix methods. From August 1990 to February 1991 he accompanied Professor W. J. R. Hoefer to Rome Italy and Sophia Antiopolas France. During that time he implemented a parallel version of the 3D-TLM simulator for the CM-2 Connection Machine using C-Star and X Windows Library. He is a research engineer and a Ph.D. student at the University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada. He ported the 2D- and 3D-TLM simulators to DECmpp 1200 massively parallel computer using MPL C and C++. He also combined OSA90/hope a commercially available microwave CAD program with a 2D-TLM simulation module for geometry optimization using the Datapipe technique of OSA90/hope. Recently he has developed a distributed client-server computing technique for the TLM method this technique could accelerate the TLM simulation by more than an order of magnitude. Channabasappa Eswarappa received the M.Tech. degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India in 1983 and Ph. D. degree from the University of Ottawa Canada in 1990. He worked as an Assistant Executive Engineer and later as

This paper describes the implementation of transmission-line matrix (TLM) method algorithms on a massively parallel computer (DECmpp 12000), the technique of distributed computing in the UNIX environment, and the combination of TLM analysis with Prony's method as well as with autoregressive moving average (ARMA) digital signal processing for electromagnetic field modelling. By combining these advanced computation techniques, typical electromagnetic field modelling of microwave structures by TLM analysis can be accelerated by a few orders of magnitude.

关键词： Mathematical models

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ON POLYNOMIAL-TIME TESTABLE COMBINATIONAL-CIRCUITS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON computerS 1994年第11期43卷 1298-1308页

作者： RAO, NSV TOIDA, S Center of Engineering Systems Advanced Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University Norfolk VA USA

The problems of identifying several nontrivial classes of Polynomial-Time Testable (PTT) circuits are shown to be NP-complete or harder. First, PTT classes obtained by using circuit decompositions proposed by Fujiwara and Chakradhar et al. are considered. Another type of decompositions, based on fanout-reconvergent (f-r) pairs, which also lead to PTT classes are proposed. The problems of obtaining these decompositions, and also some structurally similar general graph decompositions, are shown to be NP-complete or harder. Then, the problems of recognizing PTT classes formed by the Boolean formulae belonging to the weakly positive, weakly negative, bijunctive and affine classes (proposed by Schaefer) are shown to be NP-complete.

关键词： TEST GENERATION COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS POLYNOMIAL-TIME TESTABILITY NP-COMPLETENESS

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computer productivity initiative 7th

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7th Conference on Software engineering Education, SEI CSEE 1994

作者： Maly, Kurt J. Ray, Dennis E. Wild, J. Christian Levinstein, Irwin B. Olariu, Stephan Overstreet, C. Michael Rao, Nageswara S. V. Ireland, Tijen Kantsios, George Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529-0162 United States Intelligent Systems Section Center for Engineering Systems Advanced Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831-6364 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540574613

Over the last three decades computer science has evolved into a mature and experimentally oriented discipline with a well defined curriculum. Only recently have we come to realize that as a discipline computer science must reach beyond its own subject area to applications in other disciplines in order to stay relevant. Most computer science curricula teach principles and programming skills in isolation from an application perspective, provide limited laboratory experience, and introduce inadequate integration with non-CS components. The computer Productivity Initiative, described in this paper, proposes to alleviate these problems by integrating a multi-year project into the curriculum. The project involves courses normally taken in three different years of the curriculum. It includes hardware and software issues and also addresses engineering, business, and other non-CS issues. The initiative uses prototyping and simulations in the development of specifications for an integrated television communication and display computer system. The students apply principles of productivity and make extensive use of leading-edge technologies both in the process of the project development and the product being developed. They hone essential career-oriented skills in the areas of management, formal presentations, and group problem solving. This paper is a report of work in progress. It emphasizes the implementation issues we are facing and the integration of evaluation into our curriculum development. It describes our preparation for the dissemination of a model curriculum when we are able to demonstrate that the approach is adaptable to CS departments across the country. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994.

关键词： Productivity

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ACTIVE AND NONLINEAR-WAVE PROPAGATION DEVICES IN ULTRAFAST ELECTRONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1994年第7期82卷 1037-1059页

作者： RODWELL, MJW ALLEN, ST YU, RY CASE, MG BHATTACHARYA, U REDDY, M CARMAN, E KAMEGAWA, M KONISHI, Y PUSL, J PULLELA, R Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Rockwell International Science Center Thousand Oaks CA USA Research Laboratories Hughes Aircraft Company Malibu CA USA Advanced Custom Technologies Group Motorola Inc. Mesa AZ USA Shimadzu Corporation Kyoto Japan Space and Communications Division Hughes Aircraft Company Los Angeles CA USA

We describe active and nonlinear wave propagation devices for generation and detection of (sub)millimeter wave and (sub)picosecond signals. Shock-wave nonlinear transmission lines (NLTL's) generate approximately 4-V step functions with less than 0.7-ps fall times. NLTL-gated sampling circuits for signal measurement have attained over 700-GHz bandwidth. Soliton propagation on NLTL's is used for picosecond impulse generation and broadband millimeter-wave frequency multiplication. Picosecond pulses can also be generated on traveling-wave structures loaded by resonant tunneling diodes. Applications include integration of photodetectors with sampling circuits for picosecond optical waveform measurements and instrumentation for millimeter-wave waveform and network (circuit) measurements both on-wafer and in free space. General properties of linear and nonlinear distributed devices and circuits are reviewed, including gain-bandwidth limits, dispersive and nondispersive propagation, shock-wave formation, and soliton propagation.

关键词： Nonlinear wave propagation Millimeter wave measurements Integrated circuit measurements Optical propagation Sampling methods Solitons Millimeter wave circuits Millimeter wave propagation Optical pulse generation Signal generators

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Improved load distribution in parallel sparse Cholesky factorization 94

Improved load distribution in parallel sparse Cholesky facto...

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Supercomputing Conference

作者： E. Rothberg R. Schreiber Intel Supercomputer Systems Division Beaverton OH USA Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818666056

Compared to the customary column oriented approaches, block oriented, distributed memory sparse Cholesky factorization benefits from an asymptotic reduction in interprocessor communication volume and an asymptotic increase in the amount of concurrency that is exposed in the problem. Unfortunately, block oriented approaches (specifically, the block fan out method) have suffered from poor balance of the computational load. As a result, achieved performance can be quite low. The paper investigates the reasons for this load imbalance and proposes simple block mapping heuristics that dramatically improve it. The result is a roughly 20% increase in realized parallel factorization performance, as demonstrated by performance results from an Intel Paragon system. We have achieved performance of nearly 3.2 billion floating point operations per second with this technique on a 196 node Paragon system.< >

关键词： Sparse matrices Concurrent computing Runtime Supercomputers Symmetric matrices Parallel machines Costs computer science NASA Network topology

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