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arXiv 2022年

作者： Izquierdo, Zoe Gonzalez Grabbe, Shon Idris, Husni Wang, Zhihui Marshall, Jeffrey Rieffel, Eleanor QuAIL NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States USRA Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Aviation Systems Division NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States

Prior work showed the efficacy of pausing midanneal: such a pause improved the probability of success by orders of magnitude in a class of native problem instances and improved the time to solution in a class of embedded problem instances. A physics-based picture provides qualitative suggestions for where pausing midanneal is effective, for the interplay between annealing schedule parameters and other annealing properties and parameters such as embedding size and strength of the ferromagnetic coupling |JF |, and for the conditions under which pausing can improve the time to solution. Here, through demonstrations on an updated annealing architecture that has higher connectivity than previous annealers, and on multiple embedded problem classes, we are able to confirm various aspects of this picture. We demonstrate the robustness of the optimal pause parameters across platforms and problem classes, explore how to set |JF | to optimize performance in different scenarios, and provide empirical evidence that short pauses trump longer overall annealing times in time to solution. We also identify the number of different coefficients in a problem as a predictor of problem hardness, and explore its interplay with the optimal |JF | and embedding size. Based on these results we are able to present qualitative guidelines for parameter setting in quantum annealers. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Annealing

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SLIPT in Joint Dimming Multi-LED OWC systems with Rate Splitting Multiple Access

SLIPT in Joint Dimming Multi-LED OWC Systems with Rate Split...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Sepideh Javadi Sajad Faramarzi Farshad Zeinali Hosein Zarini Mohammad Robat Mili Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Eduard Jorswieck George K. Karagiannidis Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS) Tehran Iran Dept. of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran Dept. of Computer Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Institute for Communications Technology Technische Universitat Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany Artificial Intelligence & Cyber Systems Research Center Lebanese American University (LAU) Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

Optical wireless communication (OWC) systems with multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have recently been explored to support energy-limited devices via simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT). The energy consumption, however, becomes considerable by increasing the number of incorporated LEDs. This paper proposes a joint dimming (JD) scheme that lowers the consumed power of a SLIPT-enabled OWC system by controlling the number of active LEDs. We further enhance the data rate of this system by utilizing rate splitting multiple access (RSMA). More specifically, we formulate a data rate maximization problem to optimize the beamforming design, LED selection and RSMA rate adaptation that guarantees the power budget of the OWC transmitter, as well as the quality-of-service (QoS) and an energy harvesting level for users. We propose a dynamic resource allocation solution based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) reinforcement learning. In simulations, the optimal dimming level is determined to initiate a trade-off between the data rate and power consumption. It is also verified that RSMA significantly improves the data rate.

关键词： Wireless communication Energy consumption Quality of service Reinforcement learning Light emitting diodes Dynamic scheduling Real-time systems

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Fast accurate position control of light-responsive liquid crystal elastomer actuator

Fast accurate position control of light-responsive liquid cr...

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Asian Control Conference

作者： Xinyu Nie Jundong Wu Yawu Wang Chun-Yi Su Daiki Sato Jinhua She School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan China Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology (FIRST) Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Kanagawa Japan The School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9789887581598

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540845

Light-responsive liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are promising for soft robot actuators due to their ability to respond to light stimuli and produce deformation. In order to realize their application in soft robots, fast and accurate position control is essential. Based on the intrinsic physical nature of LCE actuator's deformation, a terminal sliding mode controller (TSMC) is designed to efficiently adjust the temperature of the actuator, thus directly controlling the actuator deformation. In order to achieve the target temperature, a prediction model is established to predict the target temperature corresponding to the target displacement. Moreover, a proportional integration controller is applied to eliminate model errors and disturbances. The feasibility of the control strategy is experimentally verified, and compared with conventional PID controller. The results prove that the proposed control strategy can achieve fast and accurate control of displacement.

关键词： Heating systems Actuators Accuracy Deformation Position control Process control Elastomers

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Distributed Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Multiple Mobile Robots for Online Workload Partition

Distributed Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Multiple...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Xin Li Chao Zhai Hehong Zhang Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan Campus School of Automation Wuhan China School of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou China

Considering the actual multi-agent coverage process, the motion trajectories are seriously affected by disturbances and noise. In this paper, a cooperative control method based on active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) for multiple mecanum-wheeled robots (MWMR) is proposed to improve its robustness. In particular, to suppress the total disturbances during the running of each robot and reduce large computation and observation cost of high order ADRC, a reduced-order cascaded ADRC (RC-ADRC) is proposed. Moreover, distributed controller is proposed to track the expected trajectories of multiple mecanum-wheeled robots under disturbances. Compared with the proposed RC-ADRC based cooperative control scheme and PID based cooperative control one, the favorable motion trajectory tracking performance is obtained. Simulation results verify the superiority of the method.

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Role of ephaptic coupling in discordant alternans domain sizes and action potential propagation in the heart

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Physical Review E 2023年第5期107卷 054407-054407页

作者： Niels F. Otani Eileen Figueroa James Garrison Michelle Hewson Laura Muñoz Flavio H. Fenton Alain Karma Seth H. Weinberg School of Mathematical Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester New York 14623 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering Technology Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester New York 14623 USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Hampden-Sydney College Hampden-Sydney Virginia 23943 USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Western Carolina University Cullowhee North Carolina 28723 USA School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA

Discordant alternans, the spatially out-of-phase alternation of the durations of propagating action potentials in the heart, has been linked to the onset of fibrillation, a major cardiac rhythm disorder. The sizes of the regions, or domains, within which these alternations are synchronized are critical in this link. However, computer models employing standard gap junction-based coupling between cells have been unable to reproduce simultaneously the small domain sizes and rapid action potential propagation speeds seen in experiments. Here we use computational methods to show that rapid wave speeds and small domain sizes are possible when a more detailed model of intercellular coupling that accounts for so-called ephaptic effects is used. We provide evidence that the smaller domain sizes are possible, because different coupling strengths can exist on the wavefronts, for which both ephaptic and gap-junction coupling are involved, in contrast to the wavebacks, where only gap-junction coupling plays an active role. The differences in coupling strength are due to the high density of fast-inward (sodium) channels known to localize on the ends of cardiac cells, which are only active (and thus engage ephaptic coupling) during wavefront propagation. Thus, our results suggest that this distribution of fast-inward channels, as well as other factors responsible for the critical involvement of ephaptic coupling in wave propagation, including intercellular cleft spacing, play important roles in increasing the vulnerability of the heart to life-threatening tachyarrhythmias. Our results, combined with the absence of short-wavelength discordant alternans domains in standard gap-junction-dominated coupling models, also provide evidence that both gap-junction and ephaptic coupling are critical in wavefront propagation and waveback dynamics.

关键词： Action potential propagation Cardiac dynamics Heart diseases Spiral & scroll waves Coherent structures Heart Traveling waves

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Synthetic helicoidal rotation of a quasielectrostatic ring resonator for ultrabroadband magnet-free nonreciprocity

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第6期22卷 064020-064020页

作者： Aravind Nagulu Ahmed Mekawy Mykhailo Tymchenko Dimitrios Sounas Harish Krishnaswamy Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Electrical Engineering Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Suitably tailored forms of spatiotemporal modulation in electronic circuit networks have been recently employed to overcome fundamental challenges in modern electronic systems, including breaking reciprocity, squeezing the footprint of high-Q resonators, and overcoming the delay-bandwidth limit. Rotating patterns of temporal modulations have been used to synthesize angular momentum, which replaces magnetic bias to break reciprocity in integrated circuits. However, this approach is limited by trade-offs between modulation speed, footprint, and bandwidth of operation. Rotating switching patterns in commutated capacitor networks also enables compact filters and quasielectrostatic wave propagation, overcoming the delay-bandwidth limit. In this paper, we combine these mechanisms in an integrated-circuit ring that synthetically rotates in two dimensions, realizing an effective helicoidal motion that provides ultrabroadband quasielectrostatic nonreciprocal responses fitting within a theoretically infinitesimal size. We also analyze the impact of modulation signal noise on time-modulated nonreciprocal components and unveil the role of a dynamic noise mechanism based on which the noise level increases in the presence of a strong signal passing through the component, along with methods to mitigate this effect. We experimentally verify these principles in a three-port integrated circulator based on a 65-nm CMOS process that operates from dc to 1 GHz with a miniaturization factor of 2 × 106.

关键词： Metamaterials Non-reciprocal transmission Photonics Topolectrical circuits

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Global solution to sensor network localization: A non-convex potential game approach and its distributed implementation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Gehui Chen, Guanpu Hong, Yiguang Fidan, Baris Parisini, Thomas Johansson, Karl H. Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Beijing100190 China The Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Digital Futures StockholmSE-10044 Sweden Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai201210 China The Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste34127 Italy

Consider a sensor network consisting of both anchor and non-anchor nodes. We address the following sensor network localization (SNL) problem: given the physical locations of anchor nodes and relative measurements among all nodes, determine the locations of all non-anchor nodes. The solution to the SNL problem is challenging due to its inherent non-convexity. In this paper, the problem takes on the form of a multi-player nonconvex potential game in which canonical duality theory is used to define a complementary dual potential function. After showing the Nash equilibrium (NE) correspondent to the SNL solution, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a stationary point to coincide with the NE. An algorithm is proposed_ to reach the NE and shown to have convergence rate O(1/√k). With the aim of reducing the information exchange within a network, a distributed algorithm for NE seeking is implemented and its global convergence analysis is provided. Extensive simulations show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach to solve the SNL problem. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Game theory

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Order Disruption and Resilience of Cyber-Physical systems of a Metropolitan Region

Order Disruption and Resilience of Cyber-Physical Systems of...

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Annual IEEE systems Conference

作者： Davis C. Loose Megan C. Marcellin Igor Linkov Gigi Pavur Maksim A. Kitsak Michael A. Deegan James H. Lambert Department of Systems and Information Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Research and Development Center Concord MA USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Insititute for Water Resources Washington DC USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331508180

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508197

Regional managers require adaptive strategies to enhance resilience against severe weather events and disasters. Critical infrastructure sectors are interconnected such that disruptions in one sector to cascade through others, exposing system-wide vulnerabilities. This paper presents a scenario-based framework that integrates network theory and scenario analysis to assess resilience within regional infrastructure networks of a metropolitan region. The framework quantifies disruptions in system orders by evaluating how critical infrastructure sector priorities change across scenarios. Scenarios are various timeframes following or preceding a disruptive event, from a few hours to a few months. Inserting features of a large flood in Nashville, TN, USA, as a case study, the analysis examines how disruptions alter the order of sectors and interdependencies, identifying which sectors are most vulnerable to cascading failures, as well as those with greater stability. Results indicate that sectors such as healthcare, communications, and energy remain consistently critical to resilience of the cyber-physical system, while transportation and water services show higher sensitivity to disruption. By assessing the disruptiveness of each scenario, this framework provides a greater understanding of system dynamics and supports strategic resilience planning by prioritizing sectors critical to regional stability.

关键词： Analytical models Sensitivity System dynamics Power system protection Transportation Cyber-physical systems Stability analysis Critical infrastructure Risk analysis Resilience

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Two-phase analysis of heat transfer of nanofluid flow in a wavy channel heat exchanger: A numerical approach

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2024年 23卷

作者： Fares, Mohammad N. AL-Saad, Mohammad Almutter, Heider H.J. Jasim, Dheyaa J. Fazilati, Mohammad Ali Salahshour, Soheil Baghaei, Sh. Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Basrah Basrah Iraq Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Basrah Basrah Iraq Department of Petroleum Engineering Al-Amarah University College Maysan Iraq Efficiency and Smartization of Energy Systems Research Center Khomeinishahr Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran Stone Research Center Khomeinishahr Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Istanbul Okan University Istanbul Turkey Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Department of Mechanical Engineering Khomeinishahr branch Islamic Azad University Khomeinishahr Iran

The heat transfer improvement by using CuO/water nanofluid (NF) in a wavy channel is evaluated numerically using the turbulent two-phase mixture and the κ - Ε models. The numerical work is a 2-dimensional model created and analyzed in Gambit and Ansys Fluent software, respectively. The flow Reynolds (Re) numbers of 8000 – 40,000, wavelength ranging from 0 – 0.4 m, and solid volume fraction (SVF) of 0 % to 4 % are investigated. In all cases, a constant heat flux of q′′=5000 W/m2 is applied on the outer surface of the heat exchanger. The heat transfer and fluid flow were analyzed by the flow visualization method and heat transfer evaluation indexes. The results show that by increasing the Re number, the vortices increase and more turbulence are generated in the vicinity of the waves near the channel inlet. As the amplitude of the channel waves increased, the velocity at the top of the wave increased, and the resulting pressure gradient behind the wave is intensified and the reverse flow is generated. The improving effect of using NF is more prominent where the effect of other enhancing factors is weak. For wall amplitude of 0.1 m, by increasing the SVF from 1 – 4 % the average Nu number (Nuavg) increased by 35 % and 22 % in Re = 8,000 and 40,000, respectively. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Heat exchangers

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Emergent Ferromagnetism in CaRuO₃/CaMnO₃ (111)-Oriented Superlattices

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Nano Letters 2024年第8期24卷 2567-2573页

作者： Kane, Margaret Bhandari, Churna Holtz, Megan E. Balakrishnan, Purnima P. Grutter, Alexander J. Fitzsimmons, Michael Yang, Chao-Yao Satpathy, Sashi Paudyal, Durga Suzuki, Yuri Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Ames National Laboratory Iowa State University Ames 50011 IA United States Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden 80401 CO United States NIST Center for Neutron Research National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg 20899 MD United States Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge 37830 TN United States Department of Material Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu City 30100 Taiwan Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Missouri Columbia 65211 MO United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University Ames 50011 IA United States

The boundary between CaRuO3 and CaMnO3 is an ideal test bed for emergent magnetic ground states stabilized through interfacial electron interactions. In this system, nominally antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic materi... 详细信息

The boundary between CaRuO₃ and CaMnO₃ is an ideal test bed for emergent magnetic ground states stabilized through interfacial electron interactions. In this system, nominally antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials combine to yield interfacial ferromagnetism in CaMnO₃ due to electron leakage across the interface. In this work, we show that the crystal symmetry at the surface is a critical factor determining the nature of the interfacial interactions. Specifically, by growing CaRuO₃/CaMnO₃ heterostructures along the (111) instead of the (001) crystallographic axis, we achieve a 3-fold enhancement of the magnetization and involve the CaRuO₃ layers in the ferromagnetism, which now spans both constituent materials. The stabilization of a net magnetic moment in CaRuO₃ through strain effects has been long-sought but never consistently achieved, and our observations demonstrate the importance of interface engineering in the development of new functional heterostructures. © 2024 American Chemical Society.

关键词： complex oxides emergent magnetism manganites ruthenatess superlattices

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