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Assessment of internal quality of billets using ultrasonic three-dimensional layered characterization

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第11期31卷 2727-2739页

作者： Yan-bo Liu Min Li Zheng Zhao Zhong-xin Wang De-bin Yang School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

To address the challenge of visualizing internal defects within castings, ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology has been introduced for the detection and characterization of internal defects in castings. Ultrasonic testing is widely utilized for detecting and characterizing internal defects in materials, thanks to its strong penetration ability, wide testing area, and fast scanning speed. However, traditional ultrasonic testing primarily relies on one-dimensional waveforms or two-dimensional images to analyze internal defects in billets, which hinders intuitive characterization of defect quantity, size, spatial distribution, and other relevant information. Consequently, a three-dimensional (3D) layered characterization method of billets internal quality based on scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) is proposed. The method starts with a layered focus scanning of the billet using SAM and pre-processing the obtained sequence of ultrasonic images. Next, the ray casting is employed to reconstruct 3D shape of defects in billets, allowing for characterization of their quality by obtaining characteristic information on defect spatial distributions, quantity, and sizes. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, specimens of 42CrMo billets are prepared using five different processes, and the method is employed to evaluate their internal quality. Finally, a comparison between the ultrasonic image and the metallographic image reveals a difference in dimensional accuracy of only 2.94%. The results indicate that the new method enables visualization of internal defect information in billets, serving as a valuable complement to the traditional method of characterizing their internal quality.

关键词： Internal quality of billets Ultrasonic testing Scanning acoustic microscope Layered characterization Three-dimensional reconstruction

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Zn_(x)Zr/HZSM-5 as efficient catalysts for alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2023年第4期17卷 404-414页

作者： Junjun Cheng Yitao Zhao Guohao Xu Peng Zhang Xuedong Zhu Fan Yang Engineering Research Center of Large-Scale Reactor Engineering and Technology Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce toluene and xylene could increase the added-value of surplus benzene as well as relieve environmental problems like green-house *** this work,the alkylation benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen reaction was proceeded by using the mixture of zinc-zirconium oxide and HZSM-5 as bifunctional *** equivalent of Zn/Zr=1 displays the best catalytic performance at 425℃ and 3.0 MPa,and benzene conversion reaches 42.9%with a selectivity of 90%towards toluene and ***,the carbon dioxide conversion achieves 23.3%and the carbon monoxide selectivity is lower than 35%,indicating that more than 50%carbon dioxide has been effectively incorporated into the target product,which is the best result as far as we *** with characterizations,it indicated that the Zn and Zr formed a solid solution under specific conditions(Zn/Zr=1).The as-formed solid solution not only possesses a high surface area but also provides a large amount of oxygen ***,the bifunctional catalyst has excellent stabilities that could keep operating without deactivation for at least 80 *** work provides promising industrial applications for the upgrading of aromatics.

关键词： carbon dioxide alkylation of benzene solid solution catalyst bifunctional catalyst

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Thermal-force control ability under variation of electromagnetic stick structure parameters in RPECT

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 224-236页

作者： Ting-song Yang Wen-quan Sun Feng-shan Du An-rui He Quan Yang National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Engineering and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China College of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004HebeiChina

Thermal-force driving of roll profile electromagnetic control technology(RPECT),which can be used to adjust the roll profile,can be affected by the sequential temperature rise between the electromagnetic stick(ES)and electromagnetic control *** to the limited space of ES and induction coil,the cross-sectional area of induction coil can be inevitably affected by changing the size of the ES induction zone,which can further change the energy input under the same electromagnetic parameters,the temperature rising effect and the bulging *** investigate this phenomenon,the effects of the radius of the induction zone on the thermal-force contribution ratio,the heating ability of ES and the temperature distribution were analyzed through an electromagnetic-thermal-structural finite element *** ensure that the results are applicable to RPECT,the thermal energy conversion ability and thermal-force roll crown control ability under different lengths of the induction zone were *** was found that whether the current density regulation mode or the current frequency regulation mode is adopted,the cases with 20 or 25 mm radius of the induction zone have the great thermal energy conversion ability and the good thermal-force roll crown control *** reasonable adjustment of the length of the induction zone can reduce the radius required for the maximum energy efficiency *** with the results of the simulation analysis,the optimization of ES based on the control ability maximization requirement is achieved,which provides the base for the design and configuration of ES in RPECT.

关键词： Roll profile electromagnetic control technology Electromagnetic stick Electromagnetic control roll Induction area Thermal-force driving

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Pulsed electric current treatment: from regulating non-metallic inclusions to inhibiting submerged entry nozzle clogging

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第4期32卷 833-848页

作者： Wen-wen Yu Jin-gang Qi Heng Cui Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Liaoning University of TechnologyJinzhou 121001LiaoningChina

Non-metallic inclusions in steel are a significant challenge,affecting material properties and leading to issues such as stress concentration,cracking,and accelerated *** methods for removing inclusions,including bubble,electromagnetic stirring,filtration separation,fluid flow,and sedimentation,often struggle with the removal of fine *** from these known methods,pulsed electric current(PEC),as an emerging technology,has demonstrated immense potential and environmental *** offers adjustable current parameters and simple equipment,making it an attractive alternative to traditional *** green energy-saving features and excellent results in regulating inclusion morphology and migration,as well as inhibiting submerged entry nozzle(SEN)clogging,make it a promising *** comparison to continuous current technology,PEC has shown significant advantages in regulating inclusions,not only improving purification efficiency but also demonstrating outstanding performance in flow stability and energy *** ability of PEC to efficiently reduce inclusion numbers enhances the purity and quality of molten steel,improving its mechanical ***,the theoretical basis for controlling the movement of inclusions by current is mainly composed of three major theories:the double electric layer theory,electromagnetic force reverse separation theory,and electric free energy drive *** theories together form an important framework for researchers to understand and optimize the behavior of impurity movement controlled by electric *** ahead,PEC is expected to pave the way for new solutions in directional regulation of inclusion migration,efficient inclusion removal,SEN clogging prevention,and the purification of molten steel.

关键词： Pulsed electric current Non-metallic inclusion Regulation Submerged entry nozzle Clogging

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A multi-frame sparse self-learning PWC-Net for motion estimation in satellite video scenes

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第9期66卷 213-225页

作者： Tengfei WANG Yanfeng GU Shengyang LI School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Motion estimation is an important approach to acquiring motion information of all targets in satellite video while it provides the ability to real-time monitor the Earth observation region. Compared with the case in computer vision, motion estimation in satellite video has to face two main difficulties: the large scale of observation and numerous weak targets of low signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, a multi-frame sparse self-learning PWC-Net(MSSPWC-Net) is proposed to implement motion estimation of the weak targets in satellite video. To overcome the shortage that the existing PWC-Net fails to extract motion information from numerous weak targets, motion consistency and sparse self-learning are introduced to modify the pyramid,warping, and cost volume convolutional neural networks(CNN) network(PWC-Net). The motion consistency between neighboring frames as a multi-frame framework is mainly used to improve the accuracy of motion estimation of the weak targets, and sparse self-learning is adopted to deal with the case that labeled samples in satellite video are insufficient to train PWC-Net. Numerical experiments are conducted on 4 real satellite video datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MSSPWC-Net achieves the excellent performance of motion estimation of the weak targets in satellite video and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： satellite video scenes motion estimation small blurry targets

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Crystal phase control and ignition properties of HNS/CL-20 composite microspheres prepared by microfluidics combined with emulsification techniques

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 241-251页

作者： Yi Liu Yunyan Guo Rui Zhu Jinqiang Zhou Zhengxu Lin Kai Han Chongwei An Jingyu Wang Bidong Wu School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Shanxi Province Ultrafine Powder Engineering Technology Research Center Taiyuan030051China

Improved controllability and energy density of ignition agents are of great significance for the devel-opment of energetic composite *** this study,droplet microfluidics and emulsification tech-niques were combined to prepare HNS/CL-20 composite microspheres with polyglycidyl azide polymer(GAP)as the *** influence of binder content on the morphology of microspheres was investi-gated,and the microspheres were characterized and tested for particle size,crystal structure,thermal decomposition,dispersibility,mechanical sensitivity,combustion behavior and detonation *** results showed that microspheres prepared with a binder content of 3%had higher sphericity and particle size *** microspheres retained the crystal structure of both HNS and CL-20(ε-type).Compared with raw HNS,the microspheres had higher apparent activation energy,better safety per-formance,and good *** ignition experiments and detonation performance tests show that HNS/CL-20 composite microspheres have excellent ignition performance,obvious combustion flame,and significant energy release effects,which are expected to achieve high energy and high-speed response of the igniter,thus improving the ignition reliability in special environments or systems.

关键词： Droplet microfluidics Emulsification technology Energetic materials Composite microspheres Crystal phase control Ignition

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Effects of Using Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Tailings as Lightweight Aggregate on the Mechanical Properties of Specified Density Concrete

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1229-1245页

作者： SHANG Minggang FENG Qiong ZHANG Yunsheng HE Zhongmao QIAO Hongxia XUE Cuizhen WANG Jinpen HAN Yuehui School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Gansu Advanced Civil Engineering Materials Engineering Research Center Lanzhou 730050China College of Science&Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Municipal solid waste incineration tailings were used as lightweight aggregate(MSWIT-LA)in the preparation of specified density concrete to study the effects on compressive strength,axial compressive strength,flexural strength,microhardness,total number of pores,pore area,and pore *** results showed that the internal curing and morphological effects induced by an appropriate quantity of MSWIT-LA improved the compressive response of specified density concrete specimens,whereas an excessive quantity of MSWIT-LA significantly reduced their mechanical *** analysis of pore structure indicated that the addition of MSWIT-LA increased the total quantity of pores and promoted cement hydration,resulting in a denser microstructure than that of ordinary *** results of a principal component analysis showed that the mechanical response of specified density concrete prepared with 25%MSWIT-LA was superior to that of an equivalent ordinary *** was therefore concluded that MSWIT-LA can be feasibly applied to achieve excellent specified density concrete properties while utilising municipal solid waste incineration tailings to protect the environment and alleviate shortages of sand and gravel resources.

关键词： municipal solid waste incineration tailings X-ray computed tomography lightweight aggregate microhardness principal component analysis

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Multi-objective optimization of bucket drum for lunar regolith collectors with multi-surrogate model based on adaptive invocation mechanism

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 222-242页

作者： Haoran LI Yuyue GAO Lieyun DING Cheng ZHOU Shifeng WEN Yan ZHOU National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

This study presents a parametric design and optimization approach for bucket drum lunar regolith *** discrete element method(DEM)simulations,the operational performance of the collector was analyzed,focusing on filling efficiency,collection rate,and evacuation *** surrogate models—radial basis function(RBF),Gaussian process regression(GPR),and support vector regression(SVR)—were constructed to form a composite surrogate *** performance of four multi-objective optimization algorithms(MOPSO,NSGA-II,SPEA-II,PESA-II)was compared,with MOPSO demonstrating the best *** adaptive surrogate model invocation mechanism based on absolute error of leave-one-out cross-validation(AELOOCV)further enhanced optimization *** entropy weight method and TOPSIS were employed to select the optimal solution from the Pareto set,leading to improvements of 10.353%in filling efficiency,13.275%in collection rate,and 12.070%in evacuation *** study highlights the effectiveness of combining surrogate models with advanced optimization algorithms in lunar soil collection design.

关键词： discrete element method lunar regolith collector multi-surrogate model multi-objective optimization

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Dragonfly Interaction Algorithm for Optimization of Queuing Delay in Industrial Wireless Networks

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2024年第1期21卷 447-485页

作者： Sanjay Bhardwaj Da-Hye Kim Dong-Seong Kim Department of IT Convergence Engineering ICT Convergence Research CenterKumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumiSouth Korea

In industrial wireless networks,data transmitted from source to destination are highly *** often leads to the queuing of the data,and poor management of the queued data results in excessive delays,increased energy consumption,and packet ***,a nature-inspired-based Dragonfly Interaction Optimization Algorithm(DMOA)is proposed for optimization of the queue delay in industrial wireless *** term“interaction”herein used is the characterization of the“flying movement”of the dragonfly towards damselflies(female dragonflies)for *** a result,interaction is represented as the flow of transmitted data packets,or traffic,from the source to the base *** includes each and every feature of dragonfly movement as well as awareness of the rival dragonflies,predators,and damselflies for the desired optimization of the queue *** features are juxtaposed as noise and interference,which are further used in the calculation of industrial wireless metrics:latency,error rate(reliability),throughput,energy efficiency,and fairness for the optimization of the queue *** analysis,convergence analysis,the Wilcoxon test,the Friedman test,and the classical as well as the 2014 IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation(CEC)on the benchmark functions are also used for the evaluation of DMOA in terms of its robustness and *** results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm for both classical and benchmarking functions of the IEEE CEC ***,the accuracy and efficacy of DMOA were demonstrated by means of the convergence rate,Wilcoxon testing,and ***,fairness using Jain’s index in queue delay optimization in terms of throughput and latency,along with computational complexity,is also evaluated and compared with other *** results show that DMOA exceeds other bio-inspired optimization algorithms in terms of fairness in queue delay management and average packet *** proposed a

关键词： Dragonfly Damselfly Interaction Queuing delay Optimization Industrial wireless networks

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Product Innovation Design Based on Scenario and LT Dimensions

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Computer-Aided Design and Applications 2025年第2期22卷 336-354页

作者： Liu, Limeng Zhang, Jinpu Chen, Wenbing Liang, Chunlan Sheng, Pengcheng Li, Zhaoshuo Hebei Vocational University of Technology and Engineering Hebei Special Vehicle Modification Technology Innovation Center China Hebei Vocational University of Technology and Engineering China

Innovation design is designing products to meet future work needs. The future vision provided by scenarios can provide directions for product innovation design. This paper proposes a method for constructing new future scenario conditions, then identifies mismatched scenario units and critical points for product improvement by incorporating prototype products into scenario behaviors. The LT dimension is also introduced into the effect search process, and a heuristic case search method is proposed to obtain valuable innovative product design solutions suitable for the new scenario conditions through analogies by matching effect and scenario elements. The proposed design process model can support the conceptual design of product innovations capable of designing complex engineering systems across multiple disciplines, aiming to fill the existing research gaps in applying scenario and LT dimensions to the whole process of innovation design. Finally, the validity of the proposed methodology is verified by the innovative design of CMM dispensing equipment. © 2025 U-turn Press LLC.

关键词： Product design

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