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Protein and lipid expansion microscopy with trypsin and tyramide signal amplification for 3D imaging

Scientific reports 2023年第1期13卷 21922页

作者： Ueh-Ting Tim Wang Xuejiao Tian Yae-Huei Liou Sue-Ping Lee Hsiao-Tang Hu Chieh-Han Lu Po-Ting Lin Ya-Jen Cheng Peilin Chen Bi-Chang Chen Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106348 Taiwan. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan. Institute of Molecular Biology Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 116 Taiwan. Neuroscience Program NPAS Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan ROC. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. chenb10@gate.sinica.edu.tw.

Expansion microscopy, whereby the relative positions of biomolecules are physically increased via hydrogel expansion, can be used to reveal ultrafine structures of cells under a conventional microscope. Despite its utility for achieving super-resolution imaging, expansion microscopy suffers a major drawback, namely reduced fluorescence signals caused by excessive proteolysis and swelling effects. This caveat results in a lower photon budget and disfavors fluorescence imaging over a large field of view that can cover an entire expanded cell, especially in 3D. In addition, the complex procedures and specialized reagents of expansion microscopy hinder its popularization. Here, we modify expansion microscopy by deploying trypsin digestion to reduce protein loss and tyramide signal amplification to enhance fluorescence signal for point-scanning-based imaging. We name our new methodology TT-ExM to indicate dual trypsin and tyramide treatments. TT-ExM may be applied for both antibody and lipid staining. TT-ExM displayed enhanced protein retention for endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial markers in COS-7 cell cultures. Importantly, TT-ExM-based lipid staining clearly revealed the complex 3D membrane structures in entire expanded cells. Through combined lipid and DNA staining, our TT-ExM methodology highlighted mitochondria by revealing their DNA and membrane structures in cytoplasm, as well as the lipid-rich structures formed via phase separation in nuclei at interphase. We also observed lipid-rich chromosome matrices in the mitotic cells. These high-quality 3D images demonstrate the practicality of TT-ExM. Thus, readily available reagents can be deployed in TT-ExM to significantly enhance fluorescence signals and generate high-quality and ultrafine-resolution images under confocal microscopy.

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Graphene composites as efficient electromagnetic absorbers in the extremely high frequency band

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Barani, Zahra Kargar, Fariborz Godziszewski, Konrad Rehman, Adil Yashchyshyn, Yevhen Rumyantsev, Sergey Cywiński, Grzegorz Knap, Wojciech Balandin, Alexander A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Center Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw00-665 Poland CENTERA Laboratories Institute of High-Pressure Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-142 Poland CEZAMAT Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw02-822 Poland

We report on the synthesis of the epoxy-based composites with graphene fillers and testing their electromagnetic shielding efficiency by the quasi-optic free-space method in the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (220 - 325 GHz). The curing adhesive composites were produced by a scalable technique with a mixture of single-layer and few-layer graphene layers of a few-micron lateral dimensions. It was found that the electromagnetic transmission, TT, is low even at small concentrations of graphene fillers: TT Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Germanium polishing via femtosecond laser radiation

Germanium polishing via femtosecond laser radiation

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optical Fabrication and Testing, OFT 2019 - Part of optical Design and Fabrication 2019

作者： Taylor, L.L. Xu, J. Smith, T.R. Pomerantz, M. Lambropoulos, J.C. Qiao, J. Rochester Institute of Technology Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science RochesterNY United States University of Rochester Department of Mechanical Engineering RochesterNY United States University of Rochester Materials Science Program RochesterNY United States University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics RochesterNY United States Aperture Optical Sciences MeridenCT United States

Femtosecond laser polishing of germanium was demonstrated by controlling laser parameters to realize smooth processing. Scalable material removal with optical quality was achieved, showing the capability of femtosecon... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580606

关键词： Germanium

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Isolated Electron Trap-Induced Charge Accumulation for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第25期135卷

作者： Prof. Dr. Wenhuan Huang Chenyang Su Dr. Chen Zhu Dr. Tingting Bo Dr. Shouwei Zuo Prof. Wei Zhou Yuanfu Ren Prof. Yanan Zhang Prof. Jing Zhang Prof. Magnus Rueping Prof. Huabin Zhang Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 P. R. China KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Department of Applied Physics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology Faculty of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Chemistry Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal)

The solar-driven evolution of hydrogen from water using particulate photocatalysts is considered one of the most economical and promising protocols for achieving a stable supply of renewable energy. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting is far from satisfactory due to the sluggish electron-hole pair separation kinetics. Herein, isolated Mo atoms in a high oxidation state have been incorporated into the lattice of Cd 0.5 Zn 0.5 S (CZS@Mo) nanorods, which exhibit photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 11.32 mmol g −1 h −1 (226.4 μmol h −1 ; catalyst dosage 20 mg). Experimental and theoretical simulation results imply that the highly oxidized Mo species lead to mobile-charge imbalances in CZS and induce the directional photogenerated electrons transfer, resulting in effectively inhibited electron-hole recombination and greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency.

关键词： Electron Pump high-Oxidation State Photocatalysis Single-Atom Catalysts Water Splitting

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Pressure-induced electronic anomaly and multiband superconductivity in the doped topological insulator NbxBi2Se3

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Physical Review B 2019年第22期100卷 224521-224521页

作者： Mingtao Li Kailang Xu Ming Xu Yifei Fang Zhipeng Yan Nana Li Zhenhai Yu Jinbo Zhang Curtis Kenney-Benson Xiaoli Wang Lin Wang Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203 China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China High Pressure Collaborative Access Team Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington Argonne Illinois 60439 USA School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Linyi University Linyi 276005 China Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS) State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004 China

The tunability of the electronic topological transition is fundamentally important to unveil new quantum matters. Here, we report the observation of pressure-induced electronic anomaly below 12.0 GPa in Nb0.25Bi2Se3 using a combination of electrical transport, synchrotron x-ray diffraction, Raman-scattering spectroscopy measurements, and first-principles calculations. At ambient pressure, the band-structure calculations demonstrate the Nb0.25Bi2Se3 is a heavily electron-doped semiconductor with multiple band structure. With applying pressure, it is shown that the pressure can induce Fermi-surface reconstruction at a time-reversal invariant point. We further present evidence of multiband superconductivity characterized by an upward curvature in the upper critical field in the pressurized Nb0.25Bi2Se3 crystal. The superconducting critical parameters of pressurized Nb0.25Bi2Se3 crystal are obtained. Furthermore, the superconducting phase diagram under high pressure is discussed within BCS theory. These findings highlight the critical role of the multiple-band structure induced by strong hybridization between the Nb−4d and Bi/Se−p orbitals in accessing quantum states.

关键词： Multiband superconductivity Topological phase transition Topological insulators First-principles calculations Pressure techniques Raman spectroscopy Resistivity measurements X-ray powder diffraction

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Marangoni convection-driven laser fountains and waves on free surfaces of liquids

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lin, Feng Quraishy, Aamir Nasir Tong, Tian Li, Runjia Yang, Guang Mohebinia, Mohammadjavad Qiu, Yi Vishal, Talari Zhao, Junyi Zhang, Wei Zhong, Hong Zhang, Hang Zhou, Chaofu Tong, Xin Yu, Peng Hu, Jonathan Dong, Suchuan Liu, Dong Wang, Zhiming Schaibley, John R. Bao, Jiming Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China ChengduSichuan610054 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States School of Science Southwest Petroleum University ChengduSichuan610500 China Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO63130 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Baylor University WacoTX76798 United States Department of Mathematics Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics Texas Center for Superconductivity University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States

It is well accepted that an outward Marangoni convection from a low surface tension region will make the surface depressed. Here, we report that this established perception is only valid for thin liquid films. Using surface laser heating, we show that in deep liquids a laser beam actually pulls up the fluid above the free surface generating fountains with different shapes. Whereas with decreasing liquid depth a transition from fountain to indentation with fountain-in-indentation is observed. Further, high-speed imaging reveals a transient surface process before steady elevation is formed, and this dynamic deformation is subsequently utilized to resonantly excite giant surface waves by a modulated laser beam. Computational fluid dynamics models reveal the underlying flow patterns and quantify the depth-dependent and time-resolved surface deformations. Our discoveries and techniques have upended the century-old perception and opened up a new regime of interdisciplinary research and applications of Marangoni-induced interface phenomena and optocapillary fluidic surfaces - the control of fluids with light. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deformation

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Photoresponsive thin films of well-synthesized azobenzene side-chain liquid crystalline polynorbornenes as command surface for patterned graphic writing

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Polymer 2021年 218卷

作者： Jian Chen Tianchi Xu Weiguang Zhao Ling-Ling Ma Dongzhong Chen Yan-Qing Lu Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences Department of Polymer Science and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation College of Engineering and Applied Sciences And Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Azobenzene-containing polymers (azopolymers) are a kind of intensively explored fascinating photoresponsive materials, liquid crystalline (LC) azopolymers with excellent film-forming, ordered structure and self-repairing capability are endowed with enhanced photoisomerization and photoalignment characteristics capable of developing into photo-modulated smart surfaces. Here in this work, two azobenzene side-chain LC polynorbornenes of PNB-Azo-n with different DP of n = 50 and 100 have been well synthesized through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The polynorbornene backbone of less flexibility with larger spacing between adjacent azobenzene side groups endows stronger inhibition for H-aggregation and better photoresponsiveness. The high-DP azopolynorbornene of PNB-Azo-100 thin films well behave as command surface for the upper layer nematic LC molecules thanks to their better performance in photoisomerization and photoalignment, together with their good compatibility and dissolution-resistance to the nematic LC mixture of E7. Selectively optically readable LC graphic writings at normal size through various photomasks have been demonstrated, and higher grid resolution up to sub-ten micrometer with a digital micromirror device (DMD) based dynamic photopatterning system has been achieved. Therefore, such kind of LC azopolynorbornenes demonstrate promising applications in LC photoalignment system and photoresponsive devices for potential anti-forgery document security and smart card technology.

关键词： Azobenzene Azopolymer Command surface Photoalignment Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)

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Disordered anderson localization optical fibers for image transport – a review

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Mafi, Arash Ballato, John Koch, Karl W. Schülzgen, Axel Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies Clemson University AndersonSC29625 United States Applied Optical Physics Directorate Corning Inc. SP-AR-02-4 Sullivan Park CorningNY14831 United States CREOL College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32816 United States

—Disordered optical fibers show novel waveguiding properties, enabled by the transverse Anderson localization of light, and are used for image transport. The strong transverse scattering from the transversely disordered refractive index structure results in transversely confined modes that can freely propagate in the longitudinal direction. In some sense, an Anderson localization disordered fiber behave like a large-core multimode optical fiber, with the advantage, that most modes are highly localized in the transverse plane, so any point in the cross section of the fiber can be used for localized beam transport. This property has been used for high-quality transportation of intensity patterns and images in these optical fibers. This review covers the basics and the history of the transverse Anderson localization in disordered optical fibers and captures the recent progress in imaging applications using these optical fibers. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multimode fibers

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Outcomes from a Workshop on a National center for Quantum Education

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Barnes, Edwin Bennett, Michael B. Boltasseva, Alexandra Borish, Victoria Brown, Bennett Carr, Lincoln D. Ceballos, Russell R. Dukes, Faith Easton, Emily W. Economou, Sophia E. Edwards, E.E. Finkelstein, Noah D. Fracchiolla, C. Franklin, Diana Freericks, J.K. Goss, Valerie Hannum, Mark Holincheck, Nancy Kelly, Angela M. Lanes, Olivia Lewandowski, H.J. Matsler, Karen Jo Mercurio, Emily Montaño, Inès Murdock, Maajida Peltz, Kiera Perron, Justin K. Richardson, Christopher J.K. Rosenberg, Jessica L. Ross, Richard S. Ryu, Minjung Samuel, Raymond E. Schrode, Nicole Schwamberger, Susan Searles, Thomas A. Singh, Chandralekha Tingle, Alexandra Zwickl, Benjamin M. Department of Physics Virginia Tech Center for Quantum Information Science and Engineering Virginia Tech 850 West Campus Drive BlacksburgVA24061 United States Q-SEnSE NSF QLCI University of Colorado 440 UCB BoulderCO80301 United States Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University 610 Purdue Mall West LafayetteIN47907 United States Quantum Science Center A National Quantum Information Science Research Center of The U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 Bethel Valley Road Oak RidgeTN37830 United States JILA National Institute of Standards and Technology the University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado 390 UCB BoulderCO80309 United States QuSTEAM 510 Ronalds St. Iowa CityIA52245 United States Quantum Engineering Program Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines 1523 Illinois St. GoldenCO80401 United States QuSTEAM Non-Profit Wilbur Wright College City Colleges of Chicago 4300 N Narragansett Ave ChicagoIL60634 United States Government and Community Relations Office - K-12 Programs Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA United States Chicago Quantum Exchange 5235 S. Harper Court ChicagoIL60615 United States Department of Physics Virginia Tech 850 West Campus Drive BlacksburgVA24060 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke Quantum Center Duke University Duke University 130 Hudson Hall DurhamNC27708 United States American Physical Society 555 12th St. NW WashingtonDC20004 United States Computer Science University of Chicago 5730 S. Ellis Ave. ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics Georgetown University 552 Reiss Science Building WashingtonDC20057 United States Chemistry Physics and Engineering Studies Chicago State University 9501 S. King Drive WSC 309 ChicagoIL606

In response to numerous programs seeking to advance quantum education and workforce development in the United States, experts from academia, industry, government, and professional societies convened for a National science Foundation-sponsored workshop in February 2024 to explore the benefits and challenges of establishing a national center for quantum education. Broadly, such a center would foster collaboration and build the infrastructure required to develop a diverse and quantum-ready workforce. The workshop discussions centered around how a center could uniquely address gaps in public, K-12, and undergraduate quantum information science and engineering (QISE) education. Specifically, the community identified activities that, through a center, could lead to an increase in student awareness of quantum careers, boost the number of educators trained in quantum-related subjects, strengthen pathways into quantum careers, enhance the understanding of the U.S. quantum workforce, and elevate public engagement with QISE. Core proposed activities for the center include professional development for educators, coordinated curriculum development and curation, expanded access to educational laboratory equipment, robust evaluation and assessment practices, network building, and enhanced public engagement with quantum science. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Students

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Variational generalized rotating-wave approximation in the two-qubit quantum Rabi model

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Physical Review A 2019年第3期99卷 033834-033834页

作者： Bin-Bin Mao Liangsheng Li Yimin Wang Wen-Long You Wei Wu Maoxin Liu Hong-Gang Luo School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Science and Technology on Electromagnetic Scattering Laboratory Beijing 100854 China Communications Engineering College Army Engineering University Nanjing 210007 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors Shanghai 200444 China School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100094 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications & School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

We present an analytical method for the two-qubit quantum Rabi model. While still operating in the frame of the generalized rotating-wave approximation (GRWA), our method further embraces the idea of introducing variational parameters. The optimal value of the variational parameter is determined by minimizing the energy function of the ground state. Comparing with numerically exact results, we show that our method evidently improves the accuracy of the conventional GRWA in calculating fundamental physical quantities, such as energy spectra, mean photon number, and dynamics. Interestingly, the accuracy of our method allows us to reproduce the asymptotic behavior of a mean photon number in a large frequency ratio for the ground state and investigate the quasiperiodical structure of the time evolution, which the GRWA is incapable of predicting. The applicable parameter ranges cover the ultrastrong-coupling regime, which will be helpful to recent experiments.

关键词： Hybrid quantum systems Light-matter interaction Quantum optics

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