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Fully implantable and battery-free wireless optoelectronic system for modulable cancer therapy and real-time monitoring

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 119-130页

作者： Kiho Kim In Sik Min Tae Hee Kim Do Hyeon Kim Seungwon Hwang Kyowon Kang Kyubeen Kim Sangun Park Jongmin Lee Young Uk Cho Jung Woo Lee Woon-Hong Yeo Young Min Song Youngmee Jung Ki Jun Yu Functional Bio-integrated Electronics and Energy Management Lab School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Center for Biomaterials Biomedical Research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Fusion Research and Collaboration Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(EECS) Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju 61005Republic of Korea PA1 Foundry BusinessSamsung Electronics1 Samsungjeonja-roHwaseong-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea R&D Center DNA Lab PharmaresearchSeongnam 13486Republic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 136-705Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Energy Materials for Soft Electronics LaboratoryPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering and George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30332USA Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesInstitute for MaterialsNeural Engineering CenterGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering YU-Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)InstituteYonsei University50Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is attracting attention as a next-generation cancer treatment that can selectively destroy malignant tissues,exhibit fewer side effects,and lack pain during *** PDT systems have recently been developed to resolve the issues of bulky and expensive conventional PDT systems and to implement continuous and repetitive *** implantable PDT systems,however,are not able to perform multiple functions simultaneously,such as modulating light intensity,measuring,and transmitting tumor-related data,resulting in the complexity of cancer ***,we introduce a flexible and fully implantable wireless optoelectronic system capable of continuous and effective cancer treatment by fusing PDT and hyperthermia and enabling tumor size monitoring in *** system exploits micro inorganic light-emitting diodes(μ-LED)that emit light with a wavelength of 624 nm,designed not to affect surrounding normal tissues by utilizing a fully programmable light intensity ofμ-LED and precisely monitoring the tumor size by Si phototransistor during a long-term implantation(2–3 weeks).The superiority of simultaneous cancer treatment and tumor size monitoring capabilities of our system operated by wireless power and data transmissions with a cell phone was confirmed through in vitro experiments,ray-tracing simulation results,and a tumor xenograft mouse model in *** all-in-one single system for cancer treatment offers opportunities to not only enable effective treatment of tumors located deep in the tissue but also enable precise and continuous monitoring of tumor size in real-time.

关键词： optoelectronic enable battery

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CI-GNN: A Granger Causality-Inspired Graph Neural Network for Interpretable Brain Network-Based Psychiatric Diagnosis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Kaizhong Yu, Shujian Chen, Badong National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence National Engineering Research Center for Visual Information and Applications Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Machine Learning Group UiT - Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway

There is a recent trend to leverage the power of graph neural networks (GNNs) for brain-network based psychiatric diagnosis, which, in turn, also motivates an urgent need for psychiatrists to fully understand the decision behavior of the used GNNs. However, most of the existing GNN explainers are either post-hoc in which another interpretive model needs to be created to explain a well-trained GNN, or do not consider the causal relationship between the extracted explanation and the decision, such that the explanation itself contains spurious correlations and suffers from weak faithfulness. In this work, we propose a granger causality-inspired graph neural network (CI-GNN), a built-in interpretable model that is able to identify the most influential subgraph (i.e., functional connectivity within brain regions) that is causally related to the decision (e.g., major depressive disorder patients or healthy controls), without the training of an auxillary interpretive network. CI-GNN learns disentangled subgraph-level representations α and β that encode, respectively, the causal and non-causal aspects of original graph under a graph variational autoencoder framework, regularized by a conditional mutual information (CMI) constraint. We theoretically justify the validity of the CMI regulation in capturing the causal relationship. We also empirically evaluate the performance of CI-GNN against three baseline GNNs and four state-of-the-art GNN explainers on synthetic data and three large-scale brain disease datasets. We observe that CI-GNN achieves the best performance in a wide range of metrics and provides more reliable and concise explanations which have clinical evidence. The source code and implementation details of CI-GNN are freely available at GitHub repository (https://***/ZKZ-Brain/CI-GNN/). Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Bodily expressed emotion understanding through integrating Laban movement analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Chenyan Davaasuren, Dolzodmaa Shafir, Tal Tsachor, Rachelle Wang, James Z. Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Area College of Information Sciences and Technology The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States The Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center University of Haifa Haifa Israel School of Theatre and Music University of Illinois ChicagoIL60607 United States Human-Computer Interaction Area College of Information Sciences and Technology The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States

Body movements carry important information about a person’s emotions or mental state and are essential in daily communication. Enhancing the ability of machines to understand emotions expressed through body language can improve the communication of assistive robots with children and elderly users, provide psychiatric professionals with quantitative diagnostic and prognostic assistance, and aid law enforcement in identifying deception. This study develops a high-quality human motor element dataset based on the Laban Movement Analysis movement coding system and utilizes that to jointly learn about motor elements and emotions. Our long-term ambition is to integrate knowledge from computing, psychology, and performing arts to enable automated understanding and analysis of emotion and mental state through body language. This work serves as a launchpad for further research into recognizing emotions through analysis of human movement. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer vision

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Searching thousands of genomes to classify somatic and novel structural variants using STIX (vol 19, pg 445, 2022)

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NATURE METHODS 2022年第6期19卷 770-770页

作者： Chowdhury, Murad Pedersen, Brent S. Sedlazeck, Fritz J. Quinlan, Aaron R. Layer, Ryan M. BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO USA University Medical Center Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Human Genetics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Utah Center for Genetic Discovery University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Boulder CO USA

Structural variants are associated with cancers and developmental disorders, but challenges with estimating population frequency remain a barrier to prioritizing mutations over inherited variants. In particular, variability in variant calling heuristics and filtering limits the use of current structural variant catalogs. We present STIX, a method that, instead of relying on variant calls, indexes and searches the raw alignments from thousands of samples to enable more comprehensive allele frequency estimation.

关键词： Genome informatics Genomics Mutation Software Life sciences general Biological Techniques Biological Microscopy Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology Bioinformatics Proteomics

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Active learning: "Hands-on" meets "minds-on"

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science 2021年第6563期374卷 26-26页

作者： Wible, Brad Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Psychology Temple University Philadelphia PA USA Brookings Institution Washington DC USA School of Education University of Delaware Newark DE USA Department of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain University of California Davis Davis CA USA Department of Psychology George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Graduate School of Education Stanford University Stanford CA USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Physics University of California Merced Merced CA USA Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle WA USA Research for Inclusive STEM Education Center School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA.

Widespread disruptions to schooling spurred by COVID-19 have amplified long-standing discussions about what high-quality teaching and learning can be. Growing bodies of research and practice, from early childhood to university classrooms and beyond, demonstrate the benefits of moving beyond traditional lecture-driven approaches in favor of "active learning." Such approaches put students more in the driver's seat through discussions, in-class questions, and feedback;interactive technologies;and other strategies to engage learners and deepen understanding. Beyond cognitive and academic benefits, active-learning approaches can also provide socioemotional support, particularly for students who may not feel at home in or supported by traditional passive learning. But there is no single active-learning approach. Instead, as the experts below describe, we see a rich and developing portfolio of methods and ideas supporting different ways to produce more effective learning. © 2021 American Association for the Advancement of science. All rights reserved.

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Prioritizing Strategies for Building the Resilience of Public Health Systems to Disasters Across Multiple Communities and Countries

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： Benjamin J.Ryan Mayumi Kako Shelby Garner Rok Fink Ismail Tayfur Jonathan Abrahams Sanjaya Bhatia Adriana Campelo Matthew Fendt Alicia Fontenot Nahuel Arenas Garcia Tim Hatch Ryoma Kayano LaShonda Malrey‑Horne Makiko MacDermot Md Moshiur Rahman Chaverle Noel Shuhei Nomura Jeremy P.Novak Maria Opazo Kendell Oliver Luciana Peters Sohel Rahman PerihanŞimşek Andrew Stricklin Raymond Swienton Bryan W.Brooks Frist College of Medicine Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Environmental Science Environmental Health Science ProgramCollege of Arts and SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Division of Nursing Science School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8553Japan Gordon E.Inman College of Health Sciences and Nursing Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Emergency Medicine University of Health Sciences34668 IstanbulTurkey Monash University Accident Research Center MelbourneVIC 3800Australia Global Education and Training Institute United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionIncheon 22004Republic of Korea Regional Ofce for the Americas and Caribbean United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionPanama City 0843-03441Panama Engineering and Computer Science Baylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Department of Public Health Robbins College of Health and Human SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Alabama Department of Public Health MontgomeryAL 36092USA World Health Organization Centre for Health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) Kobe 651-0073Japan Waco-McLennan County Public Health District WacoTX 76707USA Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio UniversityTokyo 160-8582Japan Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research Tokyo 106-6234Japan Global Development College BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Municipality of Pudahuel 13124 PudahuelChile City Hall of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90010-170Brazil Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management Trabzon University61335 TrabzonTurkey Department of Emergency Medicine UT SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need to strengthen public health *** response,the United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR) Public Health System Resilience Scorecard(Scorecard) was applied in workshops across multiple *** aim of our research was to explore the workshop findings to develop priority strategies for strengthening public health system *** conducted a workshop from 14 to 16 March 2023,at the UNDRR Global Education and Training Institute in Incheon,Republic of Korea.A sequential modified Delphi method was utilized to develop a set of prioritized resilience *** were drawn from 70 strategies identified from 13 distinct workshops in eight *** two surveys,23 strategies were *** received ratings of "High" or Very High" from89% of *** related to the inclusion of public health risks in emergency plans,integrating multidisciplinary teams into public health,enabling local transport mechanisms,and improving the ability to manage an influx of *** Scorecard provides an adaptable framework to identify and prioritize strategies for strengthening public health system *** leveraging this methodology,our study demonstrated how resilience strategies could inform disaster risk reduction funding,policies,and actions.

关键词： Health system resilience Public policy Resilience scorecard Workshops

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Providing Security Assurance & Hardening for Open Source Software/Hardware: The SecOPERA approach

Providing Security Assurance & Hardening for Open Source Sof...

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IEEE International Workshop on computer-Aided Modeling, Analysis, and Design of Communication Links and Networks, CAMAD

作者： Apostolos P. Fournaris Christos Tselios Evangelos Haleplidis Elias Athanasopoulos Antreas Dionysiou Dimitrios Mitropoulos Panos Louridas Georgios Christou Manos Athanatos George Hatzivasilis Konstantinos Georgopoulos Costas Kalogeros Christos Kotselidis Simon Vogl Francois Hamon Sotiris Ioannidis Research Center ATHENA Industrial Systems Institute Patras Greece University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Department of Management Science and Technology Athens University of Economics and Business Athens Greece Department of Business Administration University of Athens Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Crete Greece AEGIS IT RESEARCH LTD Germany Pierer Innovation Austria University of Manchester UK VoXel Interaction Design Linz Austria GreenCitizen Marseille France

Rapid open-source software and hardware prototyping fueled by the significant expansion of the development community, led to the deployment of highly sophisticated frameworks, solutions and products. However, as the provided open-source solutions are managed in all aspects by their designers/engineers, they lack professional evaluation of their security level. The absence of comprehensive security assessment as well as a consolidated and ubiquitous roadmap for vulnerability patching and security hardening, makes open-source solution a risk for widespread enterprise use. This paper introduces a security assurance approach which addresses open-source hardware and software shortcoming in an end-to-end manner, by providing a logical decomposition of any such module into four distinct component layers: device, network, application and cognitive. This allows highly focused security assessment, taking into consideration the specific characteristics of each layer. In addition, the paper provides an approach on how open-source solution security can be improved, through decomposition, layered vulnerability mitigation and specialized security hardening techniques. The proposed framework which is the main research and innovation focus of the SecOPERA Project intends to transform an open source solution to a protected one, as well as provide security guarantees of its overall security status.

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Alteration of Cortical Somatosensory Feedback in Post-Stroke Movement Control

Alteration of Cortical Somatosensory Feedback in Post-Stroke...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Rita Huan-Ting Peng Nishaal Parmar Jordan N. Williamson Parikshat Sirpal Beni E. Mulyana Mahmood Rajabtabar Darvish Joohwan Sung Evgeny V. Sidorov Yuan Yang Department of Bioengineering Grainger College of Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Clinical Imaging Research Center Stephenson Family Clinical Research Institute Carle Foundation Hospital Urbana IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Oklahoma Tulsa OK USA Department of Neurology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City OK USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences Northwestern University Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Sensory feedback is of vital importance in motor control, yet is rarely studied in diseases which frequently result in motor deficiency, such as hemiparetic stroke. This study employs the laterality index (LI) of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to investigate whether sensory feedback is altered in hemiparetic stroke during movements of the paretic arm, with a hemispheric shift from the lesioned hemisphere toward contralesional hemisphere. Through experimental design involving the isometric lifting of the paretic arms during tactile finger stimulation and the analysis of LI in SEPs P50 and N100, we found: 1) increased contralesional sensory activity in stroke participants when they are receiving sensory input in their paretic hand for both P50 and N100 and 2) the contralesional N100 activity is enhanced when stroke participants are performing an isometric arm lifting task. These results indicate a timedependent shifting of sensory feedback from the sensorimotor areas in the lesioned side to the contralesional side of the stroke brain.

关键词： Somatosensory Neuroimaging Motor drives Magnetic resonance imaging Process control Motors Particle measurements Time measurement Indexes Engineering in medicine and biology

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A Boolean Algebra for Genetic Variants

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Vis, Jonathan K. Santcroos, Mark A. Kosters, Walter A. Laros, Jeroen F.J. Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Netherlands Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University Netherlands Department of Clinical Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Netherlands Netherlands

Beyond identifying genetic variants, we introduce a set of Boolean relations that allows for a comprehensive classification of the relations for every pair of variants by taking all minimal alignments into account. We present an efficient algorithm to compute these relations, including a novel way of efficiently computing all minimal alignments within the best theoretical complexity bounds. We show that for variants of the CFTR gene in dbSNP these relations are common and many non-trivial. Ultimately, we present an approach for the storing and indexing of variants in the context of a database that enables efficient querying for all these relations. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Boolean algebra

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An alternate statistical lens to look at collaboration data: Extreme value theory 13

An alternate statistical lens to look at collaboration data:...

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13th International Conference on computer Supported Collaborative Learning - A Wide Lens: Combining Embodied, Enactive, Extended, and Embedded Learning in Collaborative Settings, CSCL 2019

作者： Sharma, Kshitij Olsen, Jennifer Department of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology Norway Computer Human Interaction Lab in Learning and Instruction École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781732467231

To provide beneficial feedback to students during their collaboration, it is important to identify behaviors that are indicative of good collaboration. However, in a collaborative learning session, students engage in a range of behaviors and it can be difficult to indicate which of those behaviors correlate with higher outcomes. In this paper, we propose using Extreme Value Theory (EVT), a method that considers the data points in the tail (upper or lower) of the distribution, to analyse the relationship between collaborative process variables and outcome measures through insights derived from high impact, low-frequency events. Specifically, in this paper, we analyse the relationship between dual gaze patterns and outcome measures across two different datasets. In both datasets we found that students with lower outcomes had lower focus during the collaborative session. This paper provides a contribution by both introducing EVT as a viable method for analysing CSCL data as well as demonstrating the effectiveness of eyetracking as a collaborative indicator to use to adapt to in real-time. © ISLS.

关键词： Students

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