Hybrid simulation includes both functional computer software models and actual hardware subsystems operating as an integrated whole. A ''hot test bed'' or a ''hybrid simulator-emulator''...
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Hybrid simulation includes both functional computer software models and actual hardware subsystems operating as an integrated whole. A ''hot test bed'' or a ''hybrid simulator-emulator'' enables design engineers to evaluate conceptual models in a more realistic real-lime context, but places increased cognitive demands on the designer. This paper describes an architecture, and results from a prototype implementation, for a design decision support system to allow a designer to make more productive and cost effective use of a test bed system.
The objectives of human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There a...
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The objectives of human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.
Most windowing systems follow the independent overlapping windows approach, which emerged as an answer to the needs of the 80s' applications and technology. Advances in computers, display technology, and the appli...
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作者：
Matarid, Maja J.Interaction Lab
Volen Center for Complex Systems Computer Science Department Brandeis University WalthamMA02254-9110 United States
This paper raises the question of the connection between embodiment and higher-level cognition whichhas been eloquently addressed before, but has not yet received muchfocus in the AI community. Thepaper then proceeds ...
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User modeling means acquiring, representing and managing assumptions about users of software systems. Inference processes as part of the representation component can be used to extend the base of assumptions, thus sup...
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A useful starting point for designing advanced graphical user interfaces is the visual information seeking Mantra: overview first, zoom and filter, then details on demand. But this is only a starting point in trying t...
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A useful starting point for designing advanced graphical user interfaces is the visual information seeking Mantra: overview first, zoom and filter, then details on demand. But this is only a starting point in trying to understand the rich and varied set of information visualizations that have been proposed in recent years. The paper offers a task by data type taxonomy with seven data types (one, two, three dimensional data, temporal and multi dimensional data, and tree and network data) and seven tasks (overview, zoom, filter, details-on-demand, relate, history, and extracts).
Hyperarticulate speech to computers remains a poorly understood phenomenon, in spite of its association with elevated recognition errors. The research presented analyzes the type and magnitude of linguistic adaptation...
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Hyperarticulate speech to computers remains a poorly understood phenomenon, in spite of its association with elevated recognition errors. The research presented analyzes the type and magnitude of linguistic adaptations that occur when people engage in error resolution with computers. A semi automatic simulation method incorporating a novel error generation capability was used to collect speech data immediately before and after system recognition errors, and under conditions varying in error base rates. Data on original and repeated spoken input, which were matched on speaker and lexical content, then were examined for type and magnitude of linguistic adaptations. Results indicated that speech during error resolution primarily was longer in duration, including both elongation of the speech segment and substantial relative increases in the number and duration of pauses. It also contained more clear speech phonological features and fewer spoken disfluencies. Implications of these findings are discussed for the development of more user centered and robust error handling in next generation systems.
Recent research indicates clear performance advantages and a strong user preference for interacting multimodally with computers. However, in the problematic area of error resolution, possible advantages of multimodal ...
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Recent research indicates clear performance advantages and a strong user preference for interacting multimodally with computers. However, in the problematic area of error resolution, possible advantages of multimodal interface design remain poorly understood. In the present research, a semi automatic simulation method with a novel error generation capability was used to collect within subject data before and after recognition errors, and at different spiral depths in terms of number of repetitions required to resolve an error. Results indicated that users adopt a strategy of switching input modalities and lexical expressions when resolving errors, strategies that they use in a linguistically contrastive manner to distinguish a repetition from original failed input. Implications of these findings are discussed for the development of user centered predictive models of linguistic adaptation during humancomputer error resolution, and for the development of improved error handling in advanced recognition based interfaces.
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