Most windowing systems follow the independent overlapping windows approach, which emerged as an answer to the needs of the 80s' applications and technology. Advances in computers, display technology, and the appli...
详细信息
作者：
Matarid, Maja J.Interaction Lab
Volen Center for Complex Systems Computer Science Department Brandeis University WalthamMA02254-9110 United States
This paper raises the question of the connection between embodiment and higher-level cognition whichhas been eloquently addressed before, but has not yet received muchfocus in the AI community. Thepaper then proceeds ...
详细信息
User modeling means acquiring, representing and managing assumptions about users of software systems. Inference processes as part of the representation component can be used to extend the base of assumptions, thus sup...
详细信息
A useful starting point for designing advanced graphical user interfaces is the visual information seeking Mantra: overview first, zoom and filter, then details on demand. But this is only a starting point in trying t...
详细信息
A useful starting point for designing advanced graphical user interfaces is the visual information seeking Mantra: overview first, zoom and filter, then details on demand. But this is only a starting point in trying to understand the rich and varied set of information visualizations that have been proposed in recent years. The paper offers a task by data type taxonomy with seven data types (one, two, three dimensional data, temporal and multi dimensional data, and tree and network data) and seven tasks (overview, zoom, filter, details-on-demand, relate, history, and extracts).
Hyperarticulate speech to computers remains a poorly understood phenomenon, in spite of its association with elevated recognition errors. The research presented analyzes the type and magnitude of linguistic adaptation...
详细信息
Hyperarticulate speech to computers remains a poorly understood phenomenon, in spite of its association with elevated recognition errors. The research presented analyzes the type and magnitude of linguistic adaptations that occur when people engage in error resolution with computers. A semi automatic simulation method incorporating a novel error generation capability was used to collect speech data immediately before and after system recognition errors, and under conditions varying in error base rates. Data on original and repeated spoken input, which were matched on speaker and lexical content, then were examined for type and magnitude of linguistic adaptations. Results indicated that speech during error resolution primarily was longer in duration, including both elongation of the speech segment and substantial relative increases in the number and duration of pauses. It also contained more clear speech phonological features and fewer spoken disfluencies. Implications of these findings are discussed for the development of more user centered and robust error handling in next generation systems.
Recent research indicates clear performance advantages and a strong user preference for interacting multimodally with computers. However, in the problematic area of error resolution, possible advantages of multimodal ...
详细信息
Recent research indicates clear performance advantages and a strong user preference for interacting multimodally with computers. However, in the problematic area of error resolution, possible advantages of multimodal interface design remain poorly understood. In the present research, a semi automatic simulation method with a novel error generation capability was used to collect within subject data before and after recognition errors, and at different spiral depths in terms of number of repetitions required to resolve an error. Results indicated that users adopt a strategy of switching input modalities and lexical expressions when resolving errors, strategies that they use in a linguistically contrastive manner to distinguish a repetition from original failed input. Implications of these findings are discussed for the development of user centered predictive models of linguistic adaptation during humancomputer error resolution, and for the development of improved error handling in advanced recognition based interfaces.
We present an integrated 3D virtual environment for the quantitative modeling of the anatomy and the physiology of the pulmonary system. Our approach formally integrates 3D deformable object modeling with conventional...
详细信息
作者：
Kushnier, SDHeithecker, CHBallas, JAMcFarlane, DCScott Kushnier:is an engineer at the Naval Air Warfare Center in Warminster
Pennsylvania where he has worked for the past seven years. He earned an M.S. degree in Computer Science from the University of Delaware in 1994. Scott has worked on projects in automated classification plan recognition interface design and modeling & simulation to support various aspects of the Naval Air Warfare mission. He is interested in humun-computer interaction artificial intelligence natural language pvocessing modeling & simulation and open systems architectures. Jim Ballas:is a scientist at the Navy Center for Applied Research in Artificial Intelligence at the Naval Research Lab. He has a Ph.D. in Applied Experimental Psychology
has been active in seueral areas of human-computer systems design and integration and has forty-two publications and technical reports. Prior to his position at NRL. he held faculty appointments at Georgetown and George Mason University. He is a member of the Acoustical Society of America the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society and Sigma Xi. He served in U.S. Army Intelligence and was awarded the Bronze Star for service in Vietnam.
Data fusion has been characterized as taking place at four levels oi abstraction: the unit level, the situation level, the threat level, and the resource allocation level. A unit level characterization tries to pin do...
详细信息
Data fusion has been characterized as taking place at four levels oi abstraction: the unit level, the situation level, the threat level, and the resource allocation level. A unit level characterization tries to pin down the attributes of individual platform objects, At the situation level, organized groups of units, such as battle groups, are explored. At the threat level and resource allocation level, reasoning about possible enemy intentions and possible responses is undertaken. Little work, however has been done concerning some of the higher levels of abstraction, namely the force and threat levels. This paper presents an approach toward situation assessment which includes explicit conceptualizations of forces and threats. Graphical representations of these forces and threats are designed to enhance the unit level depiction without obscuring it. This paper explores a novel style of user interface-one designed to allow collaboration between the person and the machine, enabling a tactical assessment which is superior to one in which either the person or the machine works in isolation. The paper will then describe a natural division of responsibilities between person and machine and illustrate the benefit of such a collaborative system in light of an example based on a warfare scenario.
暂无评论