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International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering, NLP-KE 2003

作者： Wu, Cheng Lubensky, David Huerta, Juan Li, Xiang Kuo, Hong-Kwang Jeff Human Language Technology Department IBM T. J. Watson Research Center P. O. Box 218 Yorktown HeightsNY10549 United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Avenue PittsburghPA15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780379020

A framework is proposed for enterprise automated call routing system development and large scalable natural language call routing application deployment based on IBM's speech recognition and NLU application engagement practices in recently years. To facilitate employing different call classification algorithms in an easy integration manner, this framework architecture provides a plug & play environment for evaluating promising call routing algorithms and a systematic approach to carry out a large scalable enterprise application deployment. The paradigm in this paper illustrates the complementary effort to develop an automatic call routing application for enterprise call centers and covers from call classification algorithm investigation to application programming model. Experimental results on a live data testing set collected from an enterprise call center shows that the performance of the call classification algorithm implemented in this framework is outstanding. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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3D Ultrasonic Tagging System for Observing human Activity

3D Ultrasonic Tagging System for Observing Human Activity

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2003 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Nishida, Yoshifumi Hoffman, Nell H. Aizawa, Hiroshi Kanade, Takeo Hori, Toshio Kakikura, Masayoshi Digital Human Research Center AIST JST Aomi Koto-ku Tokyo 135-0064 Japan Dept. of Electronic Engneering Tokyo Denki Univ. Nishiki-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8457 Japan School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States

This paper describes an ultrasonic tagging system developed for robustly observing human activity in a living area. Using ultrasonic transmitter tags with unique identifiers, the system is shown through experimental application to be able to track the three-dimensional motion of tagged objects in real time with high accuracy, resolution and robustness to occlusion. The use of an ultrasonic system is desirable because of its low cost and use of commercial components, and the proposed system achieves high accuracy and robustness through the use of many redundant sensors. The system employs multilateration to locate tagged objects using one of two estimation algorithms, a least-squares optimization method or a random sample consensus method.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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3D ultrasonic tagging system for observing human activity

3D ultrasonic tagging system for observing human activity

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Y. Nishida H. Aizawa T. Hori N.H. Hoffman T. Kanade M. Kakikura JST Digital Human Research Center AIST & CREST Tokyo Japan Dept. of Electronic Engneering Tokyo Denki Univ Nishiki-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

关键词： Tagging humans Pattern recognition Real time systems Object recognition Noise robustness Costs Equations computer science Transmitters

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Creativity Support Tools: A Tutorial Overview 02

Creativity Support Tools: A Tutorial Overview

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Proceedings of the 4th Creativity and Cognition Conference

作者： Shneiderman, Ben Dept. of Computer Science Human-Computer Interaction Lab. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581134657

The tutorial begins with a model of creative processes and refines it into design principles. Participants will learn of eight ways to improve software that supports human creative processes: searching and browsing digital libraries, visualizing data and processes, consulting with peers and mentors, thinking by free associations, exploring solutions: what-if tools, composing artifacts and performances, reviewing and replaying session histories, and disseminating results. These practical suggestions can be integrated into existing software applications, built into web services, or serve as the framework for novel tools. Software examples will be shown and brainstorming sessions will use projects from participants.

关键词： human computer interaction

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Feature set extraction algorithm based on soft computing techniques and its application to EMG pattern classification

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Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making 2002年第3期1卷 269-286页

作者： Han, Jeong-Su Bang, Won-Chul Bien, Z. Zenn Human-friendly Welfare Robot System Engineering Research Center KAIST 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Korea Republic of Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KAIST 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Korea Republic of

Recognizing bio-signals, such as EMG, EEG, EOG and ECG, is a promising theme of study since it provides with a convenient means for human-machine interaction. Various approaches of determining features of bio-signals were known for discerning predefined motions/intentions of human, but most of them are applicable mostly only to a single subject, due to inherent characteristics of bio-signals. Lately, several new types of pattern classifier with known features have been proposed to cope with the problem of subject-dependency, but their error rates are still conspicuous when accommodating multiple subjects. Based on the soft computing techniques, this paper presents a comparative experimental study to minimize the subject-dependency. It is shown that the induced feature vector set obtained by the proposed algorithm has less subject-dependency than other existing methods. © 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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Users' conceptions of web security: A comparative study

Users' conceptions of web security: A comparative study

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2002

作者： Friedman, Batya Hurley, David Howe, Daniel C. Felten, Edward Nissenbaum, Helen Information School University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-2840 United States Dept. of Computer Science Princeton University 35 Olden Way Princeton NJ 08544 United States Center for Human Values Princeton University 5 Ivy Lane Princeton NJ 08544 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581134541

This study characterizes users' conceptions of web security. Seventy-two individuals, 24 each from a rural community in Maine, a suburban professional community in New Jersey, and a high-technology community in California, participated in an extensive (2-hour) semi-structured interview (including a drawing task) about Web security. The results show that many users across the three diverse communities mistakenly evaluated whether a connection is secure or not secure. Empirically-derived typologies are provided for (1) conceptions of security based on users' verbal reasoning, (2) the types of evidence users depend upon in evaluating whether a connection is secure, and (3) conceptions of security as portrayed in users' drawings. Design implications are discussed.

关键词： Security User conceptions User differences User models Value-sensitive design Web models Web security WWW

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User's conceptions of risks and harms on the Web: A comparative study

User's conceptions of risks and harms on the Web: A comparat...

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2002

作者： Friedman, Batya Nissenbaum, Helen Hurley, David Howe, Daniel C. Felten, Edward Information School University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-2840 United States Center for Human Values Princeton University 5 Ivy Lane Princeton NJ 08544 United States Dept. of Computer Science Princeton University 35 Olden Way Princeton NJ 08544 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581134541

In this study, we analyzed Web users concerns about potential risks and harms from Web use to themselves and to society at large. In addition, we assessed how strongly users felt something should be done to address their concerns. Seventy-two individuals, 24 each from a rural community in Maine, a suburban professional community in New Jersey, and a high-technology community in California, participated in an extensive (2-hour) semistructured interview about Web security. Results show that Web users were primarily concerned about risks to Information, and secondarily about risks to People and Technology. Different sets of concerns were identified among the rural, suburban, and high-technology communities. Our discussion focuses on implications for interface design and information policy.

关键词： Websites

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Text entry on mobile systems: Directions for the future

Text entry on mobile systems: Directions for the future

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2001

作者： Lsokoski, Poika Mackenzie, I. Scott Dept. of Computer and Information Sciences Computer Human Interaction Group University of Tampere Finland Dept. of Computer Science York University Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1581133405

Mobile text input is hampered by the absence of a traditional keyboard. This, combined with demand for rapid and effortless writing methods for mobile devices, presents a special challenge. Various systems seeking to meet this challenge have recently emerged. Often, however, rigorous evaluation is lacking, and, so, there is little objective data to inform design. The goal of this workshop is to bring together experts on text entry methods, language prediction and modeling, and natural language input to discuss the state of the art and future directions in mobile text entry. Copyright © 2012 ACM, Inc.

关键词： Mobile computing

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Self-organizing control of urban traffic signal network

Self-organizing control of urban traffic signal network

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： K. Sekiyama J. Nakanishi I. Takagawa T. Higashi T. Fukuda Department of Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Dept. of Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems Fukui University Fukui Japan Computer Science Department University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Dept. of Micro System Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi Japan Automated Systems Division Murata Machinery LTD Inuyama Japan Center for Cooperative Research in Advanced Science and Technology Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi Japan

This paper proposes a self-organizing control strategy of a signal network for urban traffic flows. The signal network is described using a system of nonlinear oscillators with the nearest neighborhood coupling. The natural frequency, split and coupling constants of the signals are adjusted dynamically according to local information of traffic flows so that the desired network offset patterns are self-organized through mutual entrainment. We provide a preliminary analysis of the coupled oscillator system. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method under dynamical environmental changes.

关键词： Communication system traffic control Traffic control Oscillators Control systems Frequency Mutual coupling Numerical simulation Centralized control Learning humans

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Simulation of different railway signalling systems

Simulation of different railway signalling systems

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Seventh International Conference on computers in Railway, COMPRAIL 2000

作者： Grimm, M. Sandblad, B. Dept. of Computer Science Dalarna University Sweden Dept. of Human-Computer Interaction Uppsala University Sweden

During multiple vehicle motion, the motion of each train depends on the position of the train ahead. A safety signalling system can be defined in terms of the behaviour of two adjacent trains. Although the rules of safety signalling are well established, there are a number of different approaches for its implementation. This paper presents the results of simulated train operation, controlled by different signalling systems. The difference between the signalling systems is based on how the safe distance separating the trains from each other is defined and calculated. The- results of our study are obtained by application of the software package "Order Offer Headway Availability Analysis, version 1.36" (OOHAA), developed for Adtranz Sweden and aimed at simulations of mass transit systems. This paper describes an attempt to adapt the simulation tool to study the capacity of a 139 km long section of a single railway main line in China. The benefit of OOHAA is to investigate and show how closely the trains can be run without restrictive messages from the signalling system. The differences between the two traffic environments of a mass transit system versus a railway main line are pointed out. The positions and situations at which the type of signalling system influences the line capacity are identified. The benefits of continuous signalling systems in comparison to traditional fixed block signalling systems are quantified. The basic requirements of a simulation tool suitable for studying realistic scenarios and capacity-related problems on a railway main line are discussed.

关键词： Railroad transportation

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