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Automated Chinese Essay Scoring Based on Deep learning

Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 817-833页

作者： Shuai Yuan Tingting He Huan Huang Rui Hou Meng Wang National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China School of Computer Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management Research Laboratory Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China School of Education South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan430074China College of Computer Science South-Central University for NationalitiesWuhan430074China Information School University of WashingtonSeattleWA98105USA

Writing is an important part of language learning and is considered the best approach to demonstrate the comprehensive language skills of *** grading student essays is a time-consuming task;however,it is *** automated essay scoring system can not only greatly improve the efficiency of essay scoring,but also provide more objective ***,many researchers have been exploring automated essay scoring techniques and ***,the technique of scoring Chinese essays is still limited,and its accuracy needs to be enhanced *** improve the accuracy of the scoring model for a Chinese essay,we propose an automated scoring approach based on a deep learning model and validate its effect by conducting two comparison *** experimental results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed model is significantly higher than that of multiple linear regression(MLR),which was commonly used in the *** three accuracy rates of the proposed model are comparable to those of the novice *** root mean square error(RMSE)of the proposed model is slightly lower than that of the novice teacher,and the correlation coefficient of the proposed model is also significantly higher than that of the novice ***,when the predicted scores are not very low or very high,the two predicted models are as good as a novice ***,when the predicted score is very high or very low,the results should be treated with caution.

关键词： Automated essay scoring deep learning convolutional neural network Chinese essay

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The association of combinations of social factors and SARs-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective population-based cohort study in Ontario, 2020–2021

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Dialogues in Health 2024年 5卷 100197-100197页

作者： Persaud, Sydney Fitzgerald, Michael Hawken, Steven Tanuseputro, Peter Boucher, Lisa Petrcich, William Wellman, Martin Webber, Colleen Shoemaker, Esther Ducharme, Robin Dahrouge, Simone Myran, Daniel Bayoumi, Ahmed M. Wanigaratne, Susitha Bloch, Gary Ponka, David Smith, Brendan T. Lofters, Aisha Zygmunt, Austin MacLeod, Krystal Kehoe Turcotte, Luke A. Sander, Beate Howard, Michelle Funnell, Sarah Rayner, Jennifer Kitagawa, Kurtis Ibrahim, Sureya Kendall, Claire E. Bruyère Health Research Institute Ottawa ON Canada ICES Ottawa ON Canada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa ON Canada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto ON Canada Division of General Internal Medicine St. Michael's Hospital Toronto ON Canada Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Institute of Medical Sciences University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Edwin S.H. Leong Center for Healthy Children University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Unity Health Toronto ON Canada Public Health Ontario Toronto ON Canada Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines ON Canada Toronto General Hospital Research Institute University Health Network Toronto ON Canada Department of Family Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Faculty of Health Sciences Queen's University Kingston ON Canada Department of Family Medicine Queen's University Kingston ON Canada Alliance for Healthier Communities Toronto ON Canada Centre for Community Learning & Development Toronto M5A 2B3 ON Canada

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted and exacerbated health inequities worldwide. While several studies have examined the impact of individual social factors on COVID infection, our objective was to examine how interactions of social factors were associated with the risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the first two years of the pandemic. Study design and setting: We conducted an observational cohort study using linked health administrative data for Ontarians tested for SARS-CoV-2 between January 1st, 2020, and December 31st, 2021. We constructed multivariable models to examine the association between SARS-CoV-2 positivity and key variables including immigration status (immigrants vs. other Ontarians), and neighbourhood variables for household size, income, essential worker status, and visible minority status. We report main and interaction effects using odds ratios and predicted probabilities, with age and sex controlled in all models. Results: Of 6,575,523 Ontarians in the cohort, 88.5 % tested negative, and 11.5 % tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. In all models, immigrants and those living in neighbourhoods with large average household sizes had greater odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The strength of these associations increased with increasing levels of neighbourhood marginalization for income, essential worker proportion and visible minority proportion. We observed little change in the probability of testing positive across neighbourhood income quintiles among other Ontarians who live in neighbourhoods with smaller households, but a large change in probability among other Ontarians who live in neighbourhoods with larger households. Conclusion: Our study found that SARS-CoV-2 positivity was greater among people with certain combinations of social factors, but in all cases the probability of testing positive was consistently greater for immigrants than for other Ontarians. Examining interactions of social factors can provide a more nuance

关键词： COVID-19 positivity Health equity SARS-CoV-2 Social determinants of health

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Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

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The Lancet Global Health 2023年第3期11卷 e385-e413页

作者： Micah, Angela E. Bhangdia, Kayleigh Cogswell, Ian E. Lasher, Dylan Lidral-Porter, Brendan Maddison, Emilie R. Nguyen, Trang Nhu Ngoc Patel, Nishali Pedroza, Paola Solorio, Juan Stutzman, Hayley Tsakalos, Golsum Wang, Yifeng Warriner, Wesley Zhao, Yingxi Zlavog, Bianca S. Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Jaffar Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abedi, Aidin Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abhilash, E.S. Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abubaker Ali, Hiwa Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adem, Mohammed Hussien Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed Rashid, Tarik Aji, Budi Akbarialiabad, Hossein Akelew, Yibeltal Al Hamad, Hanadi Alam, Khurshid Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled Alhassan, Robert Kaba Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Amu, Hubert Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Tudorel Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Appiah, Francis Aqeel, Muhammad Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Aremu, Olatunde Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Avila-Burgos, Leticia Ayanore, Martin Amogre Azari, Samad Baig, Atif Amin Bantie, Abere Tilahun Barrow, Amadou Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Sanjay Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Baune, Bernhard T. Berezvai, Zombor Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Sonu Boachie, Micheal Kofi Bodolica, Virginia Botelho, João Silva Botelho Braithwaite, Dejana Breitborde, Nicholas J.K. Busse, Reinhard Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Catalá-López, Ferrán Chansa, Collins Charan, Jaykaran Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chen, Simiao Chukwu, Isaac Sunday Dadras, Omid Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dargahi, Abdollah Debela, Sisay Abebe Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Desye, Belay Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Diao, Nancy Doan, Linh Phuong Dodangeh, Milad dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque Doshmangir, Leila Dube, John Eini, Ebrahim El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Antai College of Economics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Children’s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran National Institute for Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Cardiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics and Statistics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurosurgery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic R

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided

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Shooting high or low: Do countries benefit from entering unrelated activities?

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Pinheiro, Flávio L. Alshamsi, Aamena Hartmann, Dominik Boschma, Ron Hidalgo, César A. Collective Learning Group MIT Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA Masdar Institute of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Fraunhofer Center for International Management and Knowledge Economy Leipzig Germany Chair of Innovation Management and Innovation Economics University of Leipzig Germany Department of Human Geography and Planning Utrecht University Netherlands UiS Business School Stavanger Centre for Innovation Research University of Stavanger Norway

Countries tend to diversify their exports by entering products that are related to their current exports. Yet this average behavior is not representative of every diversification path. In this paper, we introduce a method to identify periods when countries enter unrelated products. We analyze the economic diversification paths of 93 countries between 1965 and 2014 and find that countries enter unrelated products in only about 7.2% of all observations. We find that countries enter more unrelated products when they are at an intermediate level of economic development, and when they have higher levels of human capital. Finally, we ask whether countries entering more unrelated products grow faster than those entering only related products. The data shows that countries that enter more unrelated activities experience a small but significant increase in future economic growth, compared to countries with a similar level of income, human capital, capital stock per worker, and economic complexity. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Personnel

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Getting Undergraduates Ready for China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Through an Overseas Experiential learning Project

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China and the World 2021年第3期4卷

作者： Andrew Min Han Chin Thomas Menkhoff Hans-Dieter Evers Hoong Hui Daniel Gn Kevin Koh Chester Wey Lee Patrick H. M. Loh Linda Low Sebastian Tan Teng Seng Teo Natalie Yap Lee Kong Chian School of Business Singapore Management University (SMU) 81 Victoria Street Singapore 188065 Singapore Andrew Chin Min Han graduated from Tsinghua University in Beijing China with a Tsinghua–MIT Sloan International Master of Business Administration degree under the Singapore Government’s Asian Business Fellowship (ABF) scholarship program. He is the Program Director of Singapore Management University (SMU) Executive Certificate in China Business and of the SMU Internationalisation Series. He teaches as an Adjunct Faculty of Strategy and Organisation at the SMU Lee Kong Chian School of Business since January 2017. He teaches effectively in English and Chinese. With over 23 years of experience in education and publishing industry in Asia Andrew Chin’s multi-sector career has enabled him to experience the full spectrum of the education industry in his roles as the Singapore EDB Officer handling the World-Class University portfolio and the Specialist Information and Publishing Industry portfolio Chief Representative and Country Manager (China) at Thomson Learning (Fortune 500 company) and Co-founder and CEO for an early childhood education business. Andrew was a Business Development Director (Universities) at Sodexo Group (Fortune 500 company) for the Asia-Pacific region. After working 10 years in Beijing China Andrew returned to Singapore in 2012 to work closely with the top leadership at Singapore Management University on the SMU China & East Asia Initiatives. Thomas Menkhoff is the Professor of Organisational Behaviour & Human Resources (Education) at the Lee Kong Chian School of Business Singapore Management University (SMU). Two of his recent publications include: (i) Menkhoff Thomas Ning Kan Siew Evers Hans-Dieter and Chay Yue Wah eds. Living in Smart Cities: Innovation and Sustainability (New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing 2018) and (ii) Chay Yue Wah Menkhoff Thomas and Low Linda eds. China’s Belt and Road Initiative — Understanding the Dynamics of a Global Transfor

In this paper, we explain how an experiential learning course and study tour to Gansu Province (People’s Republic of China) enabled undergraduates at the Singapore management University (SMU) to acquire 21st-century competencies and higher-order thinking skills by analyzing and evaluating specific aspects of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and China–Singapore (Chongqing) Connectivity Initiative — New International Land–Sea Trade Corridor (CCI-ILSTC) with emphasis on developing viable Go-To-Market (GTM) strategies aimed at selling Gansu produce in four Southeast Asian markets. We share how the course was designed to support the attainment of key learning goals and discuss how we turned pedagogical aspirations into concrete learning outcomes. We introduce key aspects of the so-called “SMU-XO” project that the students conducted in partnership with an industry partner, Pacific International Lines (PIL), and discuss how the project work helped learners to gain global competency by (i) examining critical issues related to BRI such as multi-modal infrastructure connectivity, (ii) appreciating the local perspectives of project stakeholders in Lanzhou and Shanghai and (iii) successfully interacting with people from different cultures, namely China, Indonesia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand.

关键词： Experiential learning Singapore China Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

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Exploring Research Networks with Data Science: A Data-Driven Microservice Architecture for Synergy Detection

Exploring Research Networks with Data Science: A Data-Driven...

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IEEE International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud Workshops (FiCloudW)

作者： Thomas Thiele Thorsten Sommer Sebastian Stiehm Sabina Jeschke Anja Richert Institute of Information Management in Mechanical Engineering / Center for Learning and Knowledge Management RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

The determination of synergies in research networks is often approached by citation and co-authorship analysis using scientific publications. Although the latter methods allow a detailed insight into scientific cooperation and communities, the major part of the data, the text body of the publication, is mostly ignored. Hence, this text body contains valuable data, which can be processed in order to describe entities in a research network, detect synergies between those entities and make use of these synergies, e.g. in further cooperation. This paper aims at the description of a prototypic architecture, which uses data science to detect hidden topics from publication data. These topics are used to describe entities (e.g. institutes or projects) in a research network. Topical proximity between those entities is computed by the application of classification. In order to enable actors to explore the results of these processes, the architecture automatically generates graph-based visualizations of the derived synergies. This paper contains a description and definition of the technical elements and the process chain of the architecture to derive these synergies in network data. This is accompanied by a short outline of results with the prototype.

关键词： Data visualization Text mining Computer architecture Neurons Data models Context Classification algorithms

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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Misclassification of child body mass index from cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores NCT01869530 NCT

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BMC Research Notes 2017年第1期10卷 1-4页

作者： Anderson, Laura N. Carsley, Sarah Lebovic, Gerald Borkhoff, Cornelia M. Maguire, Jonathon L. Parkin, Patricia C. Birken, Catherine S. Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton L8N 3Z5 ON Canada Child Health Evaluative Sciences Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning 686 Bay Street Toronto M5G 0A4 ON Canada Applied Health Research Center Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria St Toronto M5B 1T8 ON Canada Department of Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto FitzGerald Building 150 College Street Toronto M5S 3E2 ON Canada Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto 555 University Avenue Toronto M5G 1X8 ON Canada Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Health Sciences Building 155 College Street Toronto M5T 3M6 ON Canada Division of Pediatric Medicine Hospital for Sick Children 555 University Avenue Toronto M5G 1X8 ON Canada

Objective: To evaluate the misclassification resulting from the use of body mass index (BMI) cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores in early childhood. Using data from the TARGet Kids primary care network we conducted a cross-sectional study among 5836 children < 6 years of age. The World Health Organization growth standards were used to calculate BMI-for-age Z-scores. BMI Z-score cut-points of < - 2.0, > 1.0, > 2.0, > 3.0 are recommended to define wasted, at risk of overweight, overweight and obese. However, rounded percentiles of the 3rd, 85th, 97th, and 99.9th are commonly used. Misclassification was calculated comparing the frequency distributions for BMI categories defined by rounded percentiles and Z-score cut-points. Results: Using rounded percentiles, the proportion of children who were wasted, at risk of overweight, overweight, and obese was 4.2, 12.5, 4.3 and 0.8%, whereas the distribution using Z-scores was: 3.6, 13.8, 3.4 and 1.0%, respectively. Overall, 117 (2%) children were misclassified when using percentiles instead of Z-scores;however, 13% (33/245) of children who were wasted and 14% (8/57) of children who were obese were misclassified. Misclassification of child growth results from the use of cut-points defined by rounded percentiles instead of Z-scores and limits comparability between studies. Trial registration *** NCT01869530 June 5, 2013 © 2017 The Author(s).

关键词： Body mass index Child, preschool Growth charts Pediatric obesity Validation studies

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Design of mobile augmented reality in health care education: A theory-driven framework

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JMIR Medical Education 2015年第2期1卷 e10页

作者： Zhu, Egui Lilienthal, Anneliese Shluzas, Lauren Aquino Masiello, Italo Zary, Nabil Centre for Learning and Knowledge Department of Learning Informatics Management and Ethics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Center for Design Research Stanford University Stanford CA United States Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences Casablanca Morocco

Background: Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly used across a range of subject areas in health care education as health care settings partner to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. As the first contact with patients, general practitioners (GPs) are important in the battle against a global health threat, the spread of antibiotic resistance. AR has potential as a practical tool for GPs to combine learning and practice in the rational use of antibiotics. Objective: This paper was driven by learning theory to develop a mobile augmented reality education (MARE) design framework. The primary goal of the framework is to guide the development of AR educational apps. This study focuses on (1) identifying suitable learning theories for guiding the design of AR education apps, (2) integrating learning outcomes and learning theories to support health care education through AR, and (3) applying the design framework in the context of improving GPs' rational use of antibiotics. Methods: The design framework was first constructed with the conceptual framework analysis method. Data were collected from multidisciplinary publications and reference materials and were analyzed with directed content analysis to identify key concepts and their relationships. Then the design framework was applied to a health care educational challenge. Results: The proposed MARE framework consists of three hierarchical layers: the foundation, function, and outcome layers. Three learning theories-situated, experiential, and transformative learning-provide foundational support based on differing views of the relationships among learning, practice, and the environment. The function layer depends upon the learners' personal paradigms and indicates how health care learning could be achieved with MARE. The outcome layer analyzes different learning abilities, from knowledge to the practice level, to clarify learning objectives and expectations and to avoid teaching pitched at the wrong level. Sugges

关键词： Antibiotics Augmented reality General practitioners Health care education learning environment learning theory Mobile technology

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Corrigendum to ``Patient Access to Electronic Health Records: Differences Across Ten Countries'' [Health Policy and Technology, 7 (2018), 44–56]

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Health Policy and Technology 2018年第2期7卷 224-224页

作者： Anna Essén Isabella Scandurra Reinie Gerrits Gayl Humphrey Monika Alise Johansen Patrick Kierkegaard Jani Koskinen Siaw-Teng Liaw Souad Odeh Peeter Ross Jessica S. Ancker SIR (Stockholm School of Economics Institute for Research) Stockholm School of Economics Saltmätargatan 13-17 4th floor 113 83 Stockholm Sweden Karolinska Institutet Learning Informatics Management and Ethics Medical Management Center Widerströmskahuset Tomtebodavägen 18 A plan 4-5 171 77 Stockholm Sweden Örebro University School of Business Informatics SE-701 82 Örebro Sweden Department of Public Health Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam The Netherlands National Institute for Health Innovation University of Auckland 261 Morrin Road Glen Innes Auckland 1072 New Zealand Norwegian Centre for E-health Research University Hospital of North Norway Tromsø Norway Department of Clinical Medicine the Artic University of Norway (UIT) Tromsø Norway Innovation Networks & Knowledge (INK) University of Michigan 330 Packard 2325 Perry Ann Arbor MI 48104-2321 USA University of Turku Information Systems Science Turku Finland UNSW Medicine Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Academic GP Unit SW Sydney Local Health District and Ingham Institute Australia University Claude Bernad lyon 1 Department of informatics Nautibus 8-10 Bd Niel Bohr 69100 Villeurbanne France Tallinn University of Technology (TUT) Department of Health Technologies Akadeemia tee 15A 224-228 12618 Tallinn Estonia East Tallinn Central Hospital Diagnostic Clinic Ravi str. 18 10138 Tallinn Estonia Department of Healthcare Policy & Research Division of Health Informatics Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA

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