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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mogi, Masataka Choi, Dongsung Oh, Kyoung Hun Golovanova, Diana Zhao, Yufei Su, Yifan Shen, Zongqi Azoury, Doron Xia, Haoyu Ilyas, Batyr Luo, Tianchuang Kida, Noriaki Osaka, Taito Togashi, Tadashi Yan, Binghai Gedik, Nuh Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Applied Physics University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Hamburg Germany Department of Condensed Matter Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel RIKEN SPring-8 Center Hyogo Sayo Japan Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Hyogo Sayo Japan

Ultrafast optical excitation of quantum materials has opened new frontiers for transiently inducing novel phases of matter1, including magnetism2, charge density waves3, ferroelectricity4,5, and superconductivity6 beyond the constraints of equilibrium thermodynamics. Triggering a transient topological order in a trivial semiconductor represents a key milestone, as it could provide an on-demand route to topological functionality for device applications. However, achieving a topologically nontrivial phase from a large-gap (~ 1 eV) semiconductor remains a major challenge, as substantial energy modification is required to invert the band gap. Here, we report the discovery of a thermally inaccessible, transient topological crystalline order in a sizable-gap (~ 0.8 eV) layered semiconductor, SnSe, through femtosecond above-gap excitation. Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals a Dirac-like linear dispersion forming within the band gap on a subpicosecond timescale. This transient state shows hallmark features of a reflection-invariant topological crystalline insulator7, including a high Fermi velocity (2.5´105 m/s), multiple Dirac points located away from high-symmetry momenta, and independence from probe photon energy, persisting for several picoseconds even at room temperature. Our findings establish a nonequilibrium pathway to ultrafast topological order in a semiconductor, opening new avenues for optically driven spintronic and quantum information technologies. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Blockchain-Based Key Management Solution for Clustered Flying Ad-Hoc Network

Blockchain-Based Key Management Solution for Clustered Flyin...

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Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA), International Conference on

作者： Maroua Abdelhafidh Nesrine Zaghdoud Nadia Charef Adel Ben Mnaouer SM@RTS Digital Research Center of Sfax Tunisia Canadian University Dubai Dubai UAE Sup'Com Tunisia Canadian University Dubai Dubai UAE Lorraine University France Department of Computer Engineering and Computational Science Canadian University Dubai Dubai UAE College of Computer and Information Systems Prince Sultan University KSA

The Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) have been recognized as one of the most emergent technologies for ensuring the performance and safety of different systems. However, its security presents a major concern inviting researchers to propose and implement new efficient solutions. In this context, due to the dynamic behavior of FANETs, the Key Management (KM)- based solution is increasingly explored as a security issue. In this paper, we investigate a Blockchain-based Key Management solution for Clustered FANETs (BKM-CF) to effectively perform cluster key dissemination, allow UAVs to update their public/private keys, migrate between clusters, and revoke malicious UAVs. Through security analysis and performance evaluation, our solution can resist against various attacks and provide reduced network energy consumption.

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ZuantuSet: A Collection of Historical Chinese Visualizations and Illustrations

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mei, Xiyao Zhang, Yu Yang, Chaofan Shi, Rui Yuan, Xiaoru National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Center for Research on Ancient Chinese History Peking University Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Application Peking University Beijing China PKU-WUHAN Institute for Artificial Intelligence Wuhan China

Historical visualizations are a valuable resource for studying the history of visualization and inspecting the cultural context where they were created. When investigating historical visualizations, it is essential to consider contributions from different cultural frameworks to gain a comprehensive understanding. While there is extensive research on historical visualizations within the European cultural framework, this work shifts the focus to ancient China, a cultural context that remains underexplored by visualization researchers. To this aim, we propose a semi-automatic pipeline to collect, extract, and label historical Chinese visualizations. Through the pipeline, we curate ZuantuSet, a dataset with over 71K visualizations and 108K illustrations. We analyze distinctive design patterns of historical Chinese visualizations and their potential causes within the context of Chinese history and culture. We illustrate potential usage scenarios for this dataset, summarize the unique challenges and solutions associated with collecting historical Chinese visualizations, and outline future research directions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data collection

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Deep Learning-Enabled Semantic Communication Systems with Task-Unaware Transmitter and Dynamic Data

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Hongwei Shao, Shuo Tao, Meixia Bi, Xiaoyan Letaief, Khaled B. The School of Electronic Information and Electric Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China The Ottawa Research Center Huawei Ottawa Canada The Electronic and Computer Engineering Department Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Existing deep learning-enabled semantic communication systems often rely on shared background knowledge between the transmitter and receiver that includes empirical data and their associated semantic information. In practice, the semantic information is defined by the pragmatic task of the receiver and cannot be known to the transmitter. The actual observable data at the transmitter can also have non-identical distribution with the empirical data in the shared background knowledge library. To address these practical issues, this paper proposes a new neural network-based semantic communication system for image transmission, where the task is unaware at the transmitter and the data environment is dynamic. The system consists of two main parts, namely the semantic coding (SC) network and the data adaptation (DA) network. The SC network learns how to extract and transmit the semantic information using a receiver-leading training process. By using the domain adaptation technique from transfer learning, the DA network learns how to convert the data observed into a similar form of the empirical data that the SC network can process without retraining. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method can be adaptive to observable datasets while keeping high performance in terms of both data recovery and task execution. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Transmitters

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Interpretable breast cancer diagnosis using histopathology and lesion mask as domain concepts conditional simulation ultrasonography

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Information Fusion 2025年 123卷

作者： Dai, Guowei Wang, Chaoyu Tang, Qingfeng Zhang, Yi Dai, Duwei Qiao, Lang Yan, Jiaojun Chen, Hu College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China National Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Synthetic Vision Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu611137 China Institute of Oncology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu610036 China Digital and Intelligent Health Research Center Anqing Normal University Anqing246133 China School of Cyber Science and Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710004 China Department of Ultrasound Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital Chengdu610041 China

Breast cancer diagnosis using ultrasound imaging presents challenges due to inherent limitations in image quality and the complex nature of lesion interpretation. We propose SgmaFuse, a novel interpretable multimodal framework that integrates histopathological concepts and lesion masks information, treated as domain concepts, with ultrasound imaging for accurate and explainable breast cancer diagnosis. At its core, SgmaFuse employs a Spatially Guided Multi-Level Alignment Mechanism (SGMLAM) that orchestrates global–local feature interactions across modalities. This is achieved through a sophisticated hierarchical strategy incorporating cross-modal fusion and attention-based feature correspondence at four distinct levels: global image-report alignment, local mask-guided attention report alignment, local image diagnostic report alignment, and concept-level diagnostic report alignment. Concurrently, a Histological Semantic Activation Vector Learning (HSAVL) module, leveraging kernel Support Vector Machines, learns discriminative semantic concepts directly from histopathological data, thereby bridging the gap between ultrasound imaging features and established pathological patterns via robust concept-level alignment. The framework ability to provide transparent, structured diagnostic explanations through interpretable visual attention maps and semantic concept contributions demonstrates its potential as a reliable clinical decision support tool, particularly in the challenging domain of breast ultrasound diagnosis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Ultrasonography

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Highly Luminescent Earth-Benign Organometallic Manganese Halide Crystals with Ultrahigh Thermal Stability of Emission from 4 to 623 K

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Small 2023年第8期19卷 e2205981页

作者： Tan, Guang-Hsun Chen, Yu-Neng Chuang, Yung-Tang Lin, Hao-Cheng Hsieh, Chung-An Chen, Yi-Sheng Lee, Tzu-Yi Miao, Wen-Chien Kuo, Hao-Chung Chen, Li-Yin Wong, Ken-Tsung Lin, Hao-Wu Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Electrophysics College of Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

The phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (PC-LED) has become an indispensable solid-state lighting and display technologies in the modern society. Nevertheless, the use of scarce rare-earth elements and the thermal quenching (TQ) behavior are still two most crucial issues yet to be solved. Here, this work successfully demonstrates a highly efficient and thermally stable green emissive MnI2(XanPO) crystals showing a notable photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 94% and a super TQ resistance from 4 to 623 K. This unprecedented superior thermal stability is attributed to the low electron–phonon coupling and the unique rigid crystal structure of MnI2(XanPO) over the whole temperature range based on the temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analyses. Considering these appealing properties, green PC-LEDs with a power efficacy of 102.5 lm W−1, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 22.7% and a peak luminance up to 7750 000 cd m−2 are fabricated by integrating MnI2(XanPO) with commercial blue LEDs. Moreover, the applicability of MnI2(XanPO) in both micro-LEDs and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is also demonstrated. In a nutshell, this study uncovers a candidate of highly luminescent and TQ resistant manganese halide suitable for a variety of emission applications. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Thermodynamic stability

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Integrated neuro-evolution heuristic with sequential quadratic programming for second-order prediction differential models

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Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 2024年第1期40卷 e22692-e22692页

作者： Sabir, Zulqurnain Raja, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Wahab, Hafiz Abdul Shoaib, Muhammad Aguilar, J. F. Gómez Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Attock Pakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University Islamabad Attock Pakistan CONACyT-Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/CENIDET Interior Internado Palmira S/N Col. Palmira C.P. Morelos Cuernavaca Mexico

The current study presents a novel application of integrated intelligent computing solver for numerical treatment of second-order prediction differential models by exploiting the continuous mapping of artificial neural network (ANN) models of differential operators, global/local search optimization competencies of combined genetic algorithms (GAs) and sequential quadratic programming (SQPs), that is, ANNGASQP. Neural network based differential models are arbitrary integrated to formulate merit function in mean squared error sense and merit function globally optimized with GAs aided with local refinements of SQP. The integrated neuro-evolutionary ANNGASQP scheme is implemented on four different numerical examples of the prediction differential models for numerical solution to examine the precision, proficiency, and consistency. The comparison of proposed solutions through ANNGASQP for prediction differential models with available reference results indicate the good agreement with absolute errors around 10−6 to 10−8. The worth of ANNGASQP is further established through near optimal values of performance measures on statistical date for multiple trials. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Atomistic Transport Modeling, Design Principles, and Empirical Rules for Low-Noise III-V Digital-Alloy Avalanche Photodiodes

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Physical Review Applied 2022年第3期17卷 034044-034044页

作者： Sheikh Z. Ahmed Yaohua Tan Jiyuan Zheng Joe C. Campbell Avik W. Ghosh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA Synopsys Inc Mountain View California 94043 USA Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Physics University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA

A series of III-V ternary and quarternary digital alloy avalanche photodiodes have recently been seen to exhibit very low excess noise. Using band inversion of an environment-dependent atomistic tight-binding description of short-period superlattices, we argue that a combination of increased effective mass, minigaps, and band split-off are primarily responsible for the observed superior performance. These properties significantly limit the ionization rate of one carrier type, either holes or electrons, making the avalanche multiplication process unipolar in nature. The unipolar behavior in turn reduces the stochasticity of the multiplication gain. The effects of band folding on carrier transport are studied using the nonequilibrium Green’s function method that accounts for quantum tunneling, and the Boltzmann transport equation model for scattering. It is shown here that carrier transport by intraband tunneling and optical phonon scattering are reduced in materials with low excess noise. Based on our calculations, we propose five simple inequalities that can be used to approximately evaluate the suitability of digital alloys for designing low-noise photodetectors. We evaluate the performance of multiple digital alloys using these criteria and demonstrate their validity.

关键词： Density of states Electronic structure Transport phenomena III-V semiconductors Photodiodes Superlattices Boltzmann theory Nonequilibrium Green's function

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Functional Liquid Metal Polymeric Composites: Fundamentals and Applications in Soft Wearable Electronics

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Advanced Functional Materials 2024年第31期34卷 2400284-2400284页

作者： Liang, Fang-Cheng Tee, Benjamin C. K. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore117575 Singapore Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore117583 Singapore National University of Singapore 14 Medical Drive Singapore117599 Singapore The N.1 Institute for Health National University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore117456 Singapore

Wearable and self-healing soft electronics have led to a significant emphasis on their potential in creating versatile, conformable, and sustainable electronic modules. Among conductive additives, Liquid metals (LMs), combining both solid and liquid characteristics, have gained widespread attention due to their versatile physical, chemical, and electrical properties as well as self-healing capability, biocompatibility, and recyclability. The fluidity of LMs facilitates adaptability to various experimental conditions and components for specific applications. Moreover, the oxide shell on LMs exhibits strong compatibility with surface functionalization and polymerization processes, enhancing the development of reliable composite materials. Herein, an in-depth analysis of the fundamental properties and characteristics of LMs while addressing their current drawbacks, such as unpredictable reactivity and poor surface stability, is presented. To harness the advantages of LMs, their integration is extensively discussed with polymeric materials through various grafting strategies, leading to the development of macromolecular composites with exceptional softness, solubility, surface functionalization, and versatility. Furthermore, the applications of LMs within LM-elastomer composites, particularly focusing on their relevance in specific fields such as flexible electronics, are investigated. Finally, LMs' future prospects are emphasized by highlighting their compatibility with self-healing polymers, thereby providing pathways for major breakthroughs of LMs based devices. © 2024 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Liquid metals

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TAROGE-M: Antarctic High-Mountain Radio Antenna Array for Detecting Ultra-High Energy ANITA Anomalous Events 38

TAROGE-M: Antarctic High-Mountain Radio Antenna Array for De...

引用

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Wang, Shih-Hao Chen, Pisin Chen, Yaocheng Chen, Ying-Chih Choi, Taejin Ham, Young-Bae Hsu, Shih-Ying Huang, Jian-Jung Huang, MingHuey A. Jee, Geonhwa Jung, Jongil Kim, Jieun Kuo, Chung-Yun Kwon, Hyuck-Jin Lee, Changsup Leung, Chung-Hei Liu, Tsung-Che Nam, Jiwoo Shiao, Yu-Shao J. Shin, Bok-Kyun Su, Shih-Chieh Wang, Min-Zu Wang, Shih-Hao Wang, Yu-Hsin Anker, Astrid Barwick, Steven W. Besson, Dave Z. Bouma, Sjoerd Cataldo, Maddalena Gaswint, Geoffrey Glaser, Christian Hallmann, Steffen Hanson, Jordan C. Henrichs, Jakob Kleinfelder, Stuart A. Lahmann, Robert Meyers, Zachary S. Nelles, Anna Novikov, Alexander Paul, Manuel P. Pyras, Lilly Persichilli, Christopher Plaisier, Ilse Rice-Smith, Ryan Seikh, Mohammad F. H. Tatar, Joulien Welling, Christoph Zhao, Leshan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Division of Atmospheric Sciences Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Polar Science Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of Department of Energy Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan Department of Astronomy Space Science and Geology Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of applied physics National Pingtung university Pingtung900 Taiwan Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan335 Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Nano Device Laboratories Hsinchu300 Taiwan Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Astronomy-Mathematics Building No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States DESY Zeuthen15738 Germany ECAP Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen91058 Germany Uppsala University Department of Physics and Astronomy UppsalaSE-752 37 Sweden Whittier College Department of Physics WhittierCA90602 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Resea

TAROGE-M is a radio antenna array atop ∼ 2.7 km-high Mt. Melbourne in Antarctica for detecting ultra-high energy (UHE, E > 1017 eV) air showers in near-horizontal directions. Besides the detection of cosmic rays and Earth-skimming tau neutrinos, its primary goal is to reproduce the discovery and verify the origin of so-called ANITA anomalous events, having feature of upward-going UHE air showers but cannot be explained by tau neutrinos. The detection concept takes advantages of a high altitude for a broad view toward the horizon;strong and near-vertical geomagnetic field for enhancing the radio signal;and quiet radio environment in Antarctica. Its relatively simple design and high duty cycle make it easily to be extended and thus to achieve an exposure competitive with ANITA experiments within a few years. The first TAROGE-M station operating at 180-450 MHz frequencies deployed in 2020 detected seven UHE cosmic ray events within 25.3-day livetime. The events have a mean energy of ∼ 1 EeV and an estimated flux consistent with other experiments, and validate the station as an UHE particle detector. In 2022-2023 season, the system was upgraded for a robust long-term operation, with a more detailed calibration with a drone-borne pulser. We also discuss the planned upgrade, including the implementation of interferometric trigger, which is expected to increase the cosmic ray and tau neutrino acceptances by a factor of 10 at 0.1 EeV, corresponding to a lower energy threshold by a factor of 3. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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