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An Adaptable Algorithm for Optimizing Bus Line Distribution Using the Clustering Method

Wireless Personal Communications 2024年第4期134卷 2347-2370页

作者： Sheikhi, Fatemeh Rahmani, Amir Masoud Computer Engineering Department Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

The current fleet of cars requires reevaluation, upgrades, and replacement in response to the expanding human population, the increase in urban traffic volume, and the elevated levels of air pollution attributed to vehicular emissions. In densely populated cities, bus routes effectively compete with private transportation, optimize user accessibility, and provide access to all urban residents. This study proposes a novel method for optimizing bus routes, encompassing four primary processes: preprocessing, site clustering, ridership prediction, and optimization. The clustering process employs the K-means technique to classify available bus stops based on their geographical information. The suggested method utilizes an artificial neural network model to forecast the number of passengers at different locations. Subsequently, the bee colony optimization algorithm is implemented to determine bus frequencies and achieve an optimal distribution of buses across various traffic lines. Results obtained using a real traffic line dataset indicate a 32% increase in traffic fleet capacity and a 22.33% reduction in passenger waiting time upon application of the proposed method. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Data mining

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Intelligent Personality Assessment and Verification from Handwriting using Machine Learning

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第7期16卷 4541-4546页

作者： Mishra, Pradeep Kumar Mishra, Gouri Sankar Abidi, Ali Imam Kumar, Rajiv Sahoo, Ashok Kumar Maini, Tarun Department of Computer Science and Application SSET Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering SSET Sharda University NVIDIA AI Learning & amp Research Center Department of Applied Computational Science and Engineering G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management Greater Noida Graphic Era Hill University School of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias University

It is possible to tell a lot about a person just by looking at their handwriting. The way someone writes might tell you a lot about who, they are as a person. There has been a lot of study on the possibility of deducing aspects of a person’s character from their handwriting. In this piece, we’ll look at the different personality qualities and how they might be utilized to make an evaluation. The report includes a dataset showing a correlation between several traits of personality. The Big Five Personality Traits are mapped using handwritten personality data. It was suggested that a comparison table should be used to spot distinctive character quirks. The article includes a review of previous studies and an assessment of the current status of the topic. Handwriting embodies have both creativity and expressiveness. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Agreeableness Conscientiousness Extraversion Neuroticism Openness

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Evolutionary Optimization Methods for High-Dimensional Expensive Problems:A Survey

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1092-1105页

作者： MengChu Zhou Meiji Cui Dian Xu Shuwei Zhu Ziyan Zhao Abdullah Abusorrah Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102 USA School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Intelligent Manufacturing Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Evolutionary computation is a rapidly evolving field and the related algorithms have been successfully used to solve various real-world optimization *** past decade has also witnessed their fast progress to solve a class of challenging optimization problems called high-dimensional expensive problems(HEPs).The evaluation of their objective fitness requires expensive resource due to their use of time-consuming physical experiments or computer ***,it is hard to traverse the huge search space within reasonable resource as problem dimension *** evolutionary algorithms(EAs)tend to fail to solve HEPs competently because they need to conduct many such expensive evaluations before achieving satisfactory *** reduce such evaluations,many novel surrogate-assisted algorithms emerge to cope with HEPs in recent *** there lacks a thorough review of the state of the art in this specific and important *** paper provides a comprehensive survey of these evolutionary algorithms for *** start with a brief introduction to the research status and the basic concepts of ***,we present surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms for HEPs from four main *** also give comparative results of some representative algorithms and application ***,we indicate open challenges and several promising directions to advance the progress in evolutionary optimization algorithms for HEPs.

关键词： computer optimization evolutionary

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Lasso Regression Model of HSV Color Space Masking Vision Based Whole Coffee Bean Processing Agtron Measurement

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第11期30卷 1245-1253页

作者： Lee, Ye Chan Noh, Yi Hyun Noh, Yun Seo Kim, Ju Song Ryu, Kwangyeol Kim, Byeong Hak Department of Industrial Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of AI Research Center for Manufacturing Systems Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Korea Republic of

The rapid increase in coffee consumption has led to a significant expansion in production scale and variety within the agricultural regions of the global coffee belt. Recent coffee harvested in varies specious and processed in various ways, and the functionality of processing equipment is advanced to optimize its quality. In particular, coffee roasting equipment has evolved to incorporate complex structures and advanced electronic, mechanical, and heat/air control technologies for processing harvested green coffee beans. One of the most critical quality factors in the roasting process is the degree of roast, which is measured by the bean color (Agtron) value. The conventional method for Agtron measurement involves grinding the beans and using vision sensors. However, the conventional method shows difficult and time-consuming. The method for measuring the color of whole beans without grinding is simpler, but it has limitations in accuracy due to variations in shading and background images. This study proposes a method to accurately measure the Agtron color of whole coffee beans without grinding. The proposed method employs a preprocessing technique that separates the measurement area from the background area through color histogram analysis. To enhance measurement accuracy, we suggest using a Lasso regression model, which mitigates overfitting problems. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an improved accuracy compared with traditional regression methods and neural network-based approaches. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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A 26-Gb/s CMOS optical receiver with a reference-less CDR in 65-nm CMOS

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第7期43卷 68-77页

作者： Quan Pan Xiongshi Luo Zhenghao Li Zhengzhe Jia Fuzhan Chen Xuewei Ding C.Patrick Yue School of Microelectronics Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation CommunicationsMinistry of EducationSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina ZTE Microelectronics Shenzhen 518055China

This paper presents a 26-Gb/s CMOS optical receiver that is fabricated in 65-nm technology. It consists of a tripleinductive transimpedance amplifier(TIA), direct current(DC) offset cancellation circuits, 3-stage gm-TIA variable-gain amplifiers(VGA), and a reference-less clock and data recovery(CDR) circuit with built-in equalization technique. The TIA/VGA frontend measurement results demonstrate 72-dB? transimpedance gain, 20.4-GHz-3-dB bandwidth, and 12-dB DC gain tuning range. The measurements of the VGA’s resistive networks also demonstrate its efficient capability of overcoming the voltage and temperature variations. The CDR adopts a full-rate topology with 12-dB imbedded equalization tuning range. Optical measurements of this chipset achieve a 10-12 BER at 26 Gb/s for a 2;-1 PRBS input with a-7.3-dBm input sensitivity. The measurement results with a 10-dB @ 13 GHz attenuator also demonstrate the effectiveness of the gain tuning capability and the built-in equalization. The entire system consumes 140 mW from a 1/1.2-V supply.

关键词： clock and data recovery equalizer optical receiver transimpedance amplifier variable-gain amplifier

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Mutual Retinex: Combining Transformer and CNN for Image Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第3期8卷 2240-2252页

作者： Jiang, Kui Wang, Qiong An, Zhaoyi Wang, Zheng Zhang, Cong Lin, Chia-Wen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan430024 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Images captured in low-light or underwater environments are often accompanied by significant degradation, which can negatively impact the quality and performance of downstream tasks. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures have made significant progress in computer vision tasks, there are few efforts to harmonize them into a more concise framework for enhancing such images. To this end, this study proposes to aggregate the individual capability of self-attention (SA) and CNNs for accurate perturbation removal while preserving background contents. Based on this, we carry forward a Retinex-based framework, dubbed as Mutual Retinex, where a two-branch structure is designed to characterize the specific knowledge of reflectance and illumination components while removing the perturbation. To maximize its potential, Mutual Retinex is equipped with a new mutual learning mechanism, involving an elaborately designed mutual representation module (MRM). In MRM, the complementary information between reflectance and illumination components are encoded and used to refine each other. Through the complementary learning via the mutual representation, the enhanced results generated by our model exhibit superior color consistency and naturalness. Extensive experiments have shown the significant superiority of our mutual learning based method over thirteen competitors on the low-light task and ten methods on the underwater image enhancement task. In particular, our proposed Mutual Retinex respectively surpasses the state-of-the-art method MIRNet-v2 by 0.90 dB and 2.46 dB in PSNR on the LOL 1000 and FIVEK datasets, while with only 19.8% model parameters. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Intelligent Crowd Density Classification Using Improved Metaheuristics with Transfer Learning Model on Smart Cities

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SN computer science 2024年第8期5卷 1064页

作者： Ahmad, Sultan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj 11942 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Center for Research and Development (UCRD) Chandigarh University Punjab Gharuan Mohali 140413 India

As a part of smart city schemes, many governments are developed intelligent methods to improve the quality of living by offering them intelligent services to enhance sustainability, livability, and workability. These intelligent methods gathered massive data counts, provide more opportunities for governments for analysing these data, and create data-driven decisions. Video surveillance in smart cities offers efficacy in city activities, safe society, and enhanced municipal services. Crowd density analysis is a most commonly used applications of object recognition, but crowd density classifying approaches face difficulties including non-uniform density, inter-scene deviation, intra-scene deviation, and occlusion. Therefore, this study develops an Intelligent Crowd Density Classification using Improved Metaheuristics with Transfer Learning (ICDC-IMTL) model on smart cities. In the presented ICDC-IMTL technique, the major aim is to recognize various kinds of crowd densities efficiently. To achieve this, the ICDC-IMTL technique makes use of the Guided filtering (GF) approach to preprocess the input images. The ICDC-IMTL algorithm exploits a neural architectural search network (NASNet) model and the hyperparameter tuning process is done by the improved artificial flora algorithm (IAFA) for feature extraction purposes. At last, the multilayer extreme learning machine (MLELM) model is applied for the crowd classification into distinct types. The stimulation validation of the ICDC-IMTL approach takes place on a crowd dataset comprising four distinct classes. The series of experiments highlighted the betterment of ICDC-IMTL algorithm over other existing DL technique. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Crowd density analysis Intelligent systems Smart cities Transfer learning Video surveillance

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Graph Enhanced Transformer for Aspect Category Detection

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2023年第3期38卷 612-625页

作者：陈晨王厚峰朱晴晴柳军飞 Office of the Cyberspace Affairs Commission Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Software and Microelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China National Engineering Research Center for Software Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Aspect category detection is one challenging subtask of aspect based sentiment analysis, which categorizes a review sentence into a set of predefined aspect categories. Most existing methods regard the aspect category detection as a flat classification problem. However, aspect categories are inter-related, and they are usually organized with a hierarchical tree structure. To leverage the structure information, this paper proposes a hierarchical multi-label classification model to detect aspect categories and uses a graph enhanced transformer network to integrate label dependency information into prediction features. Experiments have been conducted on four widely-used benchmark datasets, showing that the proposed model outperforms all strong baselines.

关键词： aspect based sentiment analysis aspect category detection hierarchical multi-label classification transformer network

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Expanding chiral metamaterials for retrieving fingerprints via vibrational circular dichroism

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1401-1414页

作者： Cheng Xu Zhihao Ren Hong Zhou Jingkai Zhou Chong Pei Ho Nan Wang Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Center for Inteligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117608Singapore institute of Microelectronics(IME) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore

Circular dichroism(CD)spectroscopy has been widely demonstrated for detecting chiral ***,the determination of chiral mixtures with various concentrations and enantiomeric ratios can be a challenging *** solve this problem,we report an enhanced vibrational circular dichroism(VCD)sensing platform based on plasmonic chiral metamaterials,which presents a 6-magnitude signal enhancement with a selectivity of chiral *** by coupled-mode theory,we leverage both in-plane and out-of-plane symmetry-breaking structures for chiral metamaterial design enabled by a two-step lithography process,which increases the near-field coupling strengths and varies the ratio between absorption and radiation loss,resulting in improved chiral light-matter interaction and enhanced molecular VCD ***,we demonstrate the thin-film sensing process of BSA andβ-lactoglobulin proteins,which contain secondary structures a-helix andβ-sheet and achieve a limit of detection down to zeptomole ***,we also,for the first time,explore the potential of enhanced VCD spectroscopy by demonstrating a selective sensing process of chiral mixtures,where the mixing ratio can be successfully differentiated with our proposed chiral *** findings improve the sensing signal of molecules and expand the extractable information,paving the way toward label-free,compact,small-volume chiral molecule detection for stereochemical and clinical diagnosisapplications.

关键词： chiral vibrational circular

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A Heuristic for Direct Product Graph Decomposition

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Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications 2023年第7期27卷 581-601页

作者： Calderoni, Luca Margara, Luciano Marzolla, Moreno Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of Bologna Italy Center for Inter-Department Industrial Research ICT Università di Bologna Italy

In this paper we describe a heuristic for decomposing a directed graph into factors according to the direct product (also known as Kronecker, cardinal or tensor product). Given a directed, unweighted graph G with adjacency matrix Adj(G), our heuristic aims at identifying two graphs G1 and G2 such that G = G1 × G2, where G1 × G2 is the direct product of G1 and G2. For undirected, connected graphs it has been shown that graph decomposition is "at least as difficult" as graph isomorphism;therefore, polynomial-time algorithms for decomposing a general directed graph into factors are unlikely to exist. Although graph factorization is a problem that has been extensively investigated, the heuristic proposed in this paper represents – to the best of our knowledge – the first computational approach for general directed, unweighted graphs. We have implemented our algorithm using the MATLAB environment;we report on a set of experiments that show that the proposed heuristic solves reasonably-sized instances in a few seconds on general-purpose hardware. Although the proposed heuristic is not guaranteed to find a factorization, even if one exists;however, it always succeeds on all the randomly-generated instances used in the experimental evaluation. © 2023, Brown University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Directed graphs

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