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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gupta, Rahul Racusin, Judith Lipunov, Vladimir Hu, Y.-D. Gulati, Ashna Castro-Tirado, Alberto J. Murphy, Tara Serino, Motoko Zhirkov, Kirill Shilling, S. Oates, Samantha R. Leung, James K. Parsotan, T. Ror, Amit K. Pandey, Shashi B. Iyyani, S. Sharma, V. Aryan, A. Bai, Jin-Ming Balanutsa, Pavel Buckley, David Caballero-García, María D. Carrasco-García, I.M. Castellón, A. Castillo, Sebastián Cui, Chen-Zhou Fan, Yu-Feng Fernández-García, Emilio García-Segura, Guillermo Gritsevich, Maria Guziy, Sergiy Hiriart, David Lee, William H. Jeong, Soomin Pérez del Pulgar, Carlos Jesus Olivares, Ignacio Park, Il H. Pérez-García, Ignacio Razzaque, S. Sánchez-Ramírez, Rubén Tiurina, Nataly Topolev, Vladislav Wang, Chuan-Jun Wu, Si-Yu Xin, Yu-Xin Xiong, Ding-Rong Zhao, Xiao-Hong Mao, Jirong Lun, Bao-Li Kai, Ye Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Mail Code 661 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Lomonosov Moscow State University Universitetskiy prospect 13 37 Moscow119234 Russia INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via E. Bianchi 46 LC Merate23807 Italy Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney NSW2006 Australia HawthornVIC3122 Australia CSIRO Space and Astronomy PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Universidad de Málaga Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IAA Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa 6 Campanillas Málaga29071 Spain Department of Physical Sciences Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe Chuo-ku Kanagawa Sagamihara252-5258 Japan Department of Physics Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George Street TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George Street TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Racah Institute of Physics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem91904 Israel Manora Peak Nainital263002 India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kerala Thiruvananthapuram695551 India High Performace Computing Centre IISER Kerala Thiruvananthapuram695551 India Graduate Institute of Astronomy National Central University 300 Jhongda Road Jhongli32001 Taiwan Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming650216 China AAA Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch7701 South Africa AAB South African Astronomical Observatory PO Box 9 Observatory Cape Town7935 South Africa Sociedad Malagueña de Astronomía República Argentina 2 Málaga29071 Spain Departmen

Robotic telescope networks play an important role in capturing early and bright optical afterglows, providing critical insights into the energetics and emission mechanisms of GRBs. In this study, we analyze GRB 230204B, an exceptionally energetic and multi-pulsed long GRB, detected by the Fermi GBM and MAXI detectors, with an isotropic equivalent gamma-ray energy exceeding 1054 erg. Time-resolved spectral analysis reveals a transition in the prompt emission from hard (sub-photospheric dominated) spectra during early pulses to softer (synchrotron radiation dominated) spectra in later pulses, indicative of a hybrid jet composition. We report the discovery and characterization of the optical afterglow using the MASTER and BOOTES robotic telescope networks, alongside long-term radio observations extending to 335 days post-burst with the ATCA. At ∼1.3 ks post-burst, the optical luminosity was exceptionally high, surpassing even other bright GRBs, such as GRB 221009A (the "BOAT"). Multi-wavelength modeling, incorporating data from MASTER, BOOTES, DOT, Swift/XRT, and radio observations, was conducted using an external ISM forward-shock top-hat jet model with afterglowpy. The results reveal a narrow and highly collimated jet with a circumburst density of n0 ∼ 28.12 cm-3, kinetic energy EK ∼ 4.18 ×1055 erg, and a relatively low value of ϵB = 2.14 ×10-6, indicating shock-compression of magnetic field in the surrounding interstellar medium. We constrained a low radiative efficiency of ∼ 4.3 %. This study highlights the indispensable contribution of robotic networks to early afterglow observations and advances our understanding of GRB 230204B unique characteristics and underlying jet physics. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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Thalamocortical Connection Topography Mapping in Human by Co-clustering

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1229卷

作者： Hewei Cheng Jie Liu Yiying Tao Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Bioinformatics Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 USA Research Institute of Education Development Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China

Connection topography mapping is crucial for understanding how information is processed in the brain, which is an essential precursor for revealing principles of brain organization. However, existing connectopic mapping methods are dependent on prior knowledge, or not completely driven by data. Accordingly, the constructed connection topographies by these methods are biased towards hypotheses, or deviate from data. For these challenges, we propose a novel co-clustering based method for connection topography mapping in a fully data-driven manner. The proposed method aims to construct the connection topography between two ROIs of a certain neural circuit in consideration by leveraging the power of co-clustering. More precisely, the proposed method parcellates one ROI into subregions and identified their respective connected subregions from the other ROI simultaneously. The effectiveness of our method was validated on the mapping of the human thalamocortical system for 57 subjects based on their resting state fMRI data. The validation experiment results have demonstrated that our method can construct neurobiologically meaningful thalamocortical connection topography. Compared with existing methods, our method yields more meaningful and interpretable connection topography.

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"So what if ChatGPT wrote it?" Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy

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International Journal of Information Management 2023年 71卷

作者： Dwivedi, Yogesh K. Kshetri, Nir Hughes, Laurie Slade, Emma Louise Jeyaraj, Anand Kar, Arpan Kumar Baabdullah, Abdullah M. Koohang, Alex Raghavan, Vishnupriya Ahuja, Manju Albanna, Hanaa Albashrawi, Mousa Ahmad Al-Busaidi, Adil S. Balakrishnan, Janarthanan Barlette, Yves Basu, Sriparna Bose, Indranil Brooks, Laurence Buhalis, Dimitrios Carter, Lemuria Chowdhury, Soumyadeb Crick, Tom Cunningham, Scott W. Davies, Gareth H. Davison, Robert M. Dé, Rahul Dennehy, Denis Duan, Yanqing Dubey, Rameshwar Dwivedi, Rohita Edwards, John S. Flavián, Carlos Gauld, Robin Grover, Varun Hu, Mei-Chih Janssen, Marijn Jones, Paul Junglas, Iris Khorana, Sangeeta Kraus, Sascha Larsen, Kai R. Latreille, Paul Laumer, Sven Malik, F. Tegwen Mardani, Abbas Mariani, Marcello Mithas, Sunil Mogaji, Emmanuel Nord, Jeretta Horn O'Connor, Siobhan Okumus, Fevzi Pagani, Margherita Pandey, Neeraj Papagiannidis, Savvas Pappas, Ilias O. Pathak, Nishith Pries-Heje, Jan Raman, Ramakrishnan Rana, Nripendra P. Rehm, Sven-Volker Ribeiro-Navarrete, Samuel Richter, Alexander Rowe, Frantz Sarker, Suprateek Stahl, Bernd Carsten Tiwari, Manoj Kumar van der Aalst, Wil Venkatesh, Viswanath Viglia, Giampaolo Wade, Michael Walton, Paul Wirtz, Jochen Wright, Ryan Digital Futures for Sustainable Business & Society Research Group School of Management Swansea University Bay Campus Fabian Bay Wales Swansea United Kingdom Maharashtra Pune India Bryan School of Business and Economics University of North Carolina at Greensboro United States University of Bristol Business School University of Bristol BS8 1SD United Kingdom Professor of Information Systems Raj Soin College of Business Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway DaytonOH45435 United States School of Artificial Intelligence Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India Department of Management Information Systems Faculty of Economics and Administration King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia School of Computing Middle Georgia State University MaconGA United States Client Advisory and Transformation Stackroute NIIT Limited India Department of Information Systems Analytics and Operations College of Business University of Louisville United States Northumbria University London United Kingdom IRC-FDE KFUPM Saudi Arabia ISOM KFUPM Business School KFUPM Saudi Arabia Innovation and Technology Transfer Center Sultan Qaboos University Oman Department of Business Communication Sultan Qaboos University Oman Department of Management Studies National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India Montpellier France FORE School of Management New Delhi India Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad Vastrapur Ahmedabad380015 India Information School University of Sheffield United Kingdom Bournemouth University Business School Poole United Kingdom School of Information Systems and Technology Management University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Information Operations and Management Sciences Department TBS Business School 1 Place Alphonse Jourdain Toulouse31068 France Department of Education & Childhood Studies Swansea Univers

Transformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistinguishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technology presents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive and negative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some of these, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing, information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. The contributors acknowledge ChatGPT's capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhance business activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, disruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation. However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT's use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these contributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge, transparency, and ethics;digital transformation of organisations and societies;and teaching, learning, and scholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities needed to handle generative AI;examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes;exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation;determining optimal combinations of human and generative AI for various tasks;identifying ways to assess accuracy of text produced by generative AI;and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Marketing

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Correction: White matter diffusion estimates in obsessive-compulsive disorder across 1653 individuals: machine learning findings from the ENIGMA OCD Working Group

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Molecular psychiatry 2024年第4期29卷 1216页

作者： Bo-Gyeom Kim Gakyung Kim Yoshinari Abe Pino Alonso Stephanie Ameis Alan Anticevic Paul D Arnold Srinivas Balachander Nerisa Banaj Nuria Bargalló Marcelo C Batistuzzo Francesco Benedetti Sara Bertolín Jan Carl Beucke Irene Bollettini Silvia Brem Brian P Brennan Jan K Buitelaar Rosa Calvo Miguel Castelo-Branco Yuqi Cheng Ritu Bhusal Chhatkuli Valentina Ciullo Ana Coelho Beatriz Couto Sara Dallaspezia Benjamin A Ely Sónia Ferreira Martine Fontaine Jean-Paul Fouche Rachael Grazioplene Patricia Gruner Kristen Hagen Bjarne Hansen Gregory L Hanna Yoshiyuki Hirano Marcelo Q Höxter Morgan Hough Hao Hu Chaim Huyser Toshikazu Ikuta Neda Jahanshad Anthony James Fern Jaspers-Fayer Selina Kasprzak Norbert Kathmann Christian Kaufmann Minah Kim Kathrin Koch Gerd Kvale Jun Soo Kwon Luisa Lazaro Junhee Lee Christine Lochner Jin Lu Daniela Rodriguez Manrique Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín Yoshitada Masuda Koji Matsumoto Maria Paula Maziero Jose M Menchón Luciano Minuzzi Pedro Silva Moreira Pedro Morgado Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy Jin Narumoto Ana E Ortiz Junko Ota Jose C Pariente Chris Perriello Maria Picó-Pérez Christopher Pittenger Sara Poletti Eva Real Y C Janardhan Reddy Daan van Rooij Yuki Sakai João Ricardo Sato Cinto Segalas Roseli G Shavitt Zonglin Shen Eiji Shimizu Venkataram Shivakumar Noam Soreni Carles Soriano-Mas Nuno Sousa Mafalda Machado Sousa Gianfranco Spalletta Emily R Stern S Evelyn Stewart Philip R Szeszko Rajat Thomas Sophia I Thomopoulos Daniela Vecchio Ganesan Venkatasubramanian Chris Vriend Susanne Walitza Zhen Wang Anri Watanabe Lidewij Wolters Jian Xu Kei Yamada Je-Yeon Yun Mojtaba Zarei Qing Zhao Xi Zhu Paul M Thompson Willem B Bruin Guido A van Wingen Federica Piras Fabrizio Piras Dan J Stein Odile A van den Heuvel Helen Blair Simpson Rachel Marsh Jiook Cha Department of Psychology College of Social Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Department of Psychiatry Kyoto City Japan. Bellvitge Biomedical Research Insitute-IDIBELL Bellvitge University Hospital Barcelona Spain. CIBER of Mental Health (CIBERSAM) Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain. Department of Clinical Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain. The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth & Family Mental Health and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto ON Canada. Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada. Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada. Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06510 USA. The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada. Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada. OCD clinic Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India. Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry Department of Clinical and Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy. Center of Image Diagnostic Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain. Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona Spain. Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clinicas IPQ HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo SP Brazil. Department of Methods and Techniques in Psychology Pontifical Catholic University São Paulo SP

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Population of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves through GWTC-3

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Physical Review X 2023年第1期13卷 011048-011048页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu P. F. de Alarcón S. Akcay S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier F. Antonini S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Universitat de les Illes Balears IAC3–IEEC E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli

We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc−3 yr−1 at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to (1+z)κ with κ=2.9−1.8+1.7 for z≲1. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from 1.2−0.2+0.1 to 2.0−0.3+0.3M⊙. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after the expected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out the existence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of 8.3−0.5+0.3 and 27.9−1.8+1.9M⊙. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary’s more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately 60M⊙, which would indicate the presence of a upper mass gap. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below χi≈0.25. While the majority of spins are preferentially aligned wi

关键词： Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detection

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A genomic catalog of Earth's microbiomes (November, 10.1038/s41587-020-0718-6, 2020)

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NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021年第4期39卷 520-520页

作者： Nayfach, Stephen Roux, Simon Seshadri, Rekha Udwary, Daniel Varghese, Neha Schulz, Frederik Wu, Dongying Paez-Espino, David Chen, I-Min Huntemann, Marcel Palaniappan, Krishna Ladau, Joshua Mukherjee, Supratim Reddy, T. B. K. Nielsen, Torben Kirton, Edward Faria, Jose P. Edirisinghe, Janaka N. Henry, Christopher S. Jungbluth, Sean P. Chivian, Dylan Dehal, Paramvir Wood-Charlson, Elisha M. Arkin, Adam P. Tringe, Susannah G. Visel, Axel Woyke, Tanja Mouncey, Nigel J. Ivanova, Natalia N. Kyrpides, Nikos C. Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley A. DOE Joint Genome Institute Berkeley CA USA Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Travessa Alexandre da Conceicao ALGAplus Ilhavo Portugal Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography Institute of Marine Sciences-CSIC Barcelona Spain Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Environmental Science Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark Rumen Microbiology Animal Science AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre Palmerston North New Zealand Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania PA USA Scottish Association for Marine Science Oban UK Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Marine Science University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Praha 4 Czech Republic Department of Biology University of Akron Akron OH USA Department of Chemical Engineering & eScience Institute University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Biology University of North Alabama Florence AL USA Life and Environmental Sciences and Sierra Nevada Research Institute University of California Merced Merced CA USA Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden Department of Biology Boston University Boston MA USA University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR USA Biology Department University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

关键词： Genome

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GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the Second Part of the Third Observing Run

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Physical Review X 2023年第4期13卷 041039-041039页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith S. Akcay T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer G. S. Cabourn Davies L. Cadonati G. Cagn LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut L

The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15∶00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and 27 March 2020, 17∶00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin pastro>0.5. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with pastro>0.5 are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron-star–black-hole binaries, and we identify none from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates include the first confident observations of neutron-star–black-hole binaries. Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3 contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with pastro>0.5 across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and neutron stars.

关键词： Gravitational waves

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Wind Tunnel Mach Number Prediction Based on the Pruned Feature Subsets Ensemble Method

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Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2017年第4期30卷

作者： Wang, Xiaojun Yuan, Ping Mao, Zhizhong Rui, Wei University Lctr. Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing Ministry of Education Dalian Univ. Dalian116622 China Institute of Automatization College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern Univ. Shenyang110004 China Institute of High Speed Aerodynamics China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Mianyang Sichuan621000 China

In a wind tunnel, the Mach number in the test section is an important parameter that should be predicted quickly and accurately. In building a Mach number prediction model, large-scale and high-dimensional data is the main issue. To solve the issue, the feature subsets ensemble (FSE) method has been proposed. However, a major drawback of the FSE method is that a large number of submodels are necessarily combined. In this paper, the maximum entropy pruning (MEP) method is proposed to overcome this drawback in the FSE Mach number prediction model. The MEP method refers to finding a subset of submodels that best approximates the entire submodels, while maximizing the quadratic Rényi entropy criterion. Experiments demonstrate that, with much fewer submodels than the FSE and other Mach number models, the MEP-FSE Mach number model can improve the prediction performance (i.e., the generalization), and meet the requirements of the forecasting speed and the root mean square error (less than 0.002). © 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits (vol 50, pg 1412, 2018)

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NATURE GENETICS 2018年第12期50卷 1755-1755页

作者： Evangelou, Evangelos Warren, Helen R. Mosen-Ansorena, David Mifsud, Borbala Pazoki, Raha Gao, He Ntritsos, Georgios Dimou, Niki Cabrera, Claudia P. Karaman, Ibrahim Fu Liang Ng Evangelou, Marina Witkowska, Katarzyna Tzanis, Evan Hellwege, Jacklyn N. Giri, Ayush Edwards, Digna R. Velez Sun, Yan V. Cho, Kelly Gaziano, J. Michael Wilson, Peter W. F. Tsao, Philip S. Kovesdy, Csaba P. Esko, Tonu Magi, Reedik Milani, Lili Almgren, Peter Boutin, Thibaud Debette, Stephanie Ding, Jun Giulianini, Franco Holliday, Elizabeth G. Jackson, Anne U. Li-Gao, Ruifang Lin, Wei-Yu Luan, Jian'an Mangino, Massimo Oldmeadow, Christopher Prins, Bram Peter Qian, Yong Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan Shah, Nabi Surendran, Praveen Theriault, Sebastien Verweij, Niek Willems, Sara M. Zhao, Jing-Hua Amouyel, Philippe Connell, John de Mutsert, Renee Doney, Alex S. F. Farrall, Martin Menni, Cristina Morris, Andrew D. Noordam, Raymond Pare, Guillaume Poulter, Neil R. Shields, Denis C. Stanton, Alice Thom, Simon Abecasis, Goncalo Amin, Najaf Arking, Dan E. Ayers, Kristin L. Barbieri, Caterina M. Batini, Chiara Bis, Joshua C. Blake, Tineka Bochud, Murielle Boehnke, Michael Boerwinkle, Eric Boomsma, Dorret I. Bottinger, Erwin P. Braund, Peter S. Brumat, Marco Campbell, Archie Campbell, Harry Chakravarti, Aravinda Chambers, John C. Chauhan, Ganesh Ciullo, Marina Cocca, Massimiliano Collins, Francis Cordell, Heather J. Davies, Gail de Borst, Martin H. de Geus, Eco J. Deary, Ian J. Deelen, Joris Del Greco, Fabiola M. Demirkale, Cumhur Yusuf Dorr, Marcus Ehret, Georg B. Elosua, Roberto Enroth, Stefan Erzurumluoglu, A. Mesut Ferreira, Teresa Franberg, Mattias Franco, Oscar H. Gandin, Ilaria Gasparini, Paolo Giedraitis, Vilmantas Gieger, Christian Girotto, Giorgia Goel, Anuj Gow, Alan J. Gudnason, Vilmundur Guo, Xiuqing Gyllensten, Ulf Hamsten, Anders Harris, Tamara B. Harris, Sarah E. Hartman, Catharina A. Havulinna, Aki S. Hicks, Andrew A. Hofer, Edith Hofman, Albert Hottenga, Jouke-Jan Huffman, Jennifer E. Hwang, Shih-Jen Ingelsson, Erik James, Alan Jansen Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Imperial College London London UK. Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology University of Ioannina Medical School Ioannina Greece. William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Center Queen Mary University of London London UK. MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health Imperial College London London UK. Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK. Division of Epidemiology Department of Medicine Institute for Medicine and Public Health Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (626)/Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Tennessee Valley Health Systems VA Nashville TN USA. Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA. Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA USA. Division of Aging Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Atlanta VAMC and Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute Atlanta GA USA. VA Palo Alto Health Care System Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA. Nephrology Section Memphis VA Medical Center and University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA. Estonian Genome Center University of Tartu Tartu Estonia. Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA. Department Clinical Sciences Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden. MRC

High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.

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