Computational models of acoustic wave propagation are frequently used in transcranial ultrasound therapy, for example, to calculate the intracranial pressure field or to calculate phase delays to correct for skull dis...
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In this article, we provide an extensive overview of a wide range of quantum games and interactive tools that have been employed by the community in recent years. The paper presents selected tools, as described by the...
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Metal-to-insulator phase transitions in complex oxide thin films are exciting phenomena which may be useful for device applications, but in many cases the physical mechanism responsible for the transition is not fully...
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Metal-to-insulator phase transitions in complex oxide thin films are exciting phenomena which may be useful for device applications, but in many cases the physical mechanism responsible for the transition is not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that epitaxial strain generates local disproportionation of the NiO6 octahedra, driven through changes in the oxygen stoichiometry, and that this directly modifies the metal-to-insulator phase transition in epitaxial (001) NdNiO3 thin films. Theoretically, we predict that the Ni-O-Ni bond angle decreases, while octahedral tilt and local disproportionation of the NiO6 octahedra increases resulting in a small band gap in an otherwise metallic system. This is driven by an increase in oxygen vacancy concentration in the rare-earth nickelates with increasing in-plane biaxial tensile strain. Experimentally, we find an increase in pseudocubic unit-cell volume and resistivity with increasing biaxial tensile strain, corroborating our theoretical predictions. With electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and x-ray absorption, we find a reduction of the Ni valence with increasing tensile strain. These results indicate that epitaxial strain modifies the oxygen stoichiometry of rare-earth perovskite thin films and through this mechanism affects the metal-to-insulator phase transition in these compounds.
The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in *** intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementa...
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The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in *** intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital *** has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR ***,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible ***,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-*** introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR *** self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the ***,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle.
KAGRA, the underground and cryogenic gravitational-wave detector, was operated for its solo observation from February 25 to March 10, 2020, and its first joint observation with the GEO 600 detector from April 7 to Apr...
KAGRA, the underground and cryogenic gravitational-wave detector, was operated for its solo observation from February 25 to March 10, 2020, and its first joint observation with the GEO 600 detector from April 7 to April 21, 2020 (O3GK). This study presents an overview of the input optics systems of the KAGRA detector, which consist of various optical systems, such as a laser source, its intensity and frequency stabilization systems, modulators, a Faraday isolator, mode-matching telescopes, and a high-power beam dump. These optics were successfully delivered to the KAGRA interferometer and operated stably during the observations. The laser frequency noise was observed to limit the detector sensitivity above a few kilohertz, whereas the laser intensity did not significantly limit the detector sensitivity.
Information regarding precipitate shapes is critical for estimating material parameters. Hence, we considered estimating a region of material parameter space in which a computational model produces precipitates having...
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Computational prediction of the interaction between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and peptide (pHLA) can speed up epitope screening and vaccine design. Here, we develop the TransMut framework composed of TransPHLA for...
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Platooning is a critical technology to realize autonomous driving. Each vehicle in platoons adopts the IEEE 802.11p standard to exchange information through communications to maintain the string stability of platoons....
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The Permanent Downhole Gauge (PDG) pressure measurement is of great importance for offshore oil well modeling and control since it is measured close to the bottom hole. The PDG is installed in a remote undersea enviro...
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The Permanent Downhole Gauge (PDG) pressure measurement is of great importance for offshore oil well modeling and control since it is measured close to the bottom hole. The PDG is installed in a remote undersea environment, which makes expensive the maintenance in case of fault. For this reason, PDG measurements are frequently unavailable. To overcome this limitation, the PDG pressure can be estimated using other available measurements. The estimation is not a simple task since, depending on process operational conditions, the multiphase flow might present limit cycles. In this work, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) are proposed as potential techniques for the PDG pressure estimation. The comparison of the results shows that ANN returns precise estimation for a short-time window after the failure, but fails when a different process operating condition is applied, while EKF returns good estimation in all the cases.
There is a dearth of simulation environments that conduct a comprehensive cyber risk assessment and provide insights that are accessible for decision makers and operational folks. During the Winter simulation Conferen...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781728132839
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728120522
There is a dearth of simulation environments that conduct a comprehensive cyber risk assessment and provide insights that are accessible for decision makers and operational folks. During the Winter simulation Conference 2019, a group of experts will discuss the challenges and opportunities for developing simulation platforms for cyber risk management. The panel will focus on issues with integrating technologies into simulation platforms, loss of fidelity due to lack of access to cyber datasets and complexity involved in representing cyber-physical systems. This paper is a collection of position papers of the participating experts supporting their viewpoints that will be captured in the panel discussion.
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