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Generative AI-enabled Vehicular Networks: Fundamentals, Framework, and Case Study

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Ruichen Xiong, Ke Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Shen, Xuemin Poor, H. Vincent The Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology High Speed Railway of Ministry of Education School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The National Engineering Research Center of Advanced Network Technologies Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

Recognizing the tremendous improvements that the integration of generative AI can bring to intelligent transportation systems, this article explores the integration of generative AI technologies in vehicular networks, focusing on their potential applications and challenges. Generative AI, with its capabilities of generating realistic data and facilitating advanced decision-making processes, enhances various applications when combined with vehicular networks, such as navigation optimization, traffic prediction, data generation, and evaluation. Despite these promising applications, the integration of generative AI with vehicular networks faces several challenges, such as real-time data processing and decision-making, adapting to dynamic and unpredictable environments, as well as privacy and security concerns. To address these challenges, we propose a multi-modality semantic-aware framework to enhance the service quality of generative AI. By leveraging multi-modal and semantic communication technologies, the framework enables the use of text and image data for creating multi-modal content, providing more reliable guidance to receiving vehicles and ultimately improving system usability and efficiency. To further improve the reliability and efficiency of information transmission and reconstruction within the framework, taking generative AI-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) as a case study, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based approach is proposed for resource allocation. Finally, we discuss potential research directions and anticipated advancements in the field of generative AI-enabled vehicular networks. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

EDOLAB: An Open-Source Platform for Education and Experimentation with Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization Algorithms

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Peng, Mai Yazdani, Delaram She, Zeneng Yazdani, Danial Luo, Wenjian Li, Changhe Branke, Juergen Nguyen, Trung Thanh Gandomi, Amir H. Yang, Shengxiang Jin, Yaochu Yao, Xin School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan China Research Institute Faculty of Engineering and Technology Liverpool John Moores University United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Security Intelligence Technologies School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Peng Cheng Laboratory China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University of Sciences & Technology China Information Systems Management and Analytics in Warwick Business School University of Warwick United Kingdom Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia Obuda University Hungary School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort University United Kingdom Department of Artificial Intelligence School of Engineering Westlake University China School of Computer Science University of Birmingham United Kingdom

Many real-world optimization problems exhibit dynamic characteristics, posing significant challenges for traditional optimization techniques. Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization Algorithms (EDOAs) are designed to address these challenges effectively. However, in existing literature, the reported results for a given EDOA can vary significantly. This inconsistency often arises because the source codes for many EDOAs, which are typically complex, have not been made publicly available, leading to error-prone re-implementations. To support researchers in conducting experiments and comparing their algorithms with various EDOAs, we have developed an open-source MATLAB platform called the Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization LABoratory (EDOLAB). This platform not only facilitates research but also includes an educational module designed for instructional purposes. The education module allows users to observe: a) a 2-dimensional problem space and its morphological changes following each environmental change, b) the behaviors of individuals over time, and c) how the EDOA responds to environmental changes and tracks the moving optimum. The current version of EDOLAB features 25 EDOAs and four fully parametric benchmark generators. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

Deep Learning-Based Object Pose Estimation: A Comprehensive Survey

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Jian Sun, Wei Yang, Hui Zeng, Zhiwen Liu, Chongpei Zheng, Jin Liu, Xingyu Rahmani, Hossein Sebe, Nicu Mian, Ajmal The National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology College of Electrical and Information Engineering the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan University Changsha410082 China The School of Architecture and Art Central South University Changsha410082 China The Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University LA1 4YW United Kingdom The Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Trento38123 Italy The Department of Computer Science The University of Western Australia WA6009 Australia

Object pose estimation is a fundamental computer vision problem with broad applications in augmented reality and robotics. Over the past decade, deep learning models, due to their superior accuracy and robustness, have increasingly supplanted conventional algorithms reliant on engineered point pair features. Nevertheless, several challenges persist in contemporary methods, including their dependency on labeled training data, model compactness, robustness under challenging conditions, and their ability to generalize to novel unseen objects. A recent survey discussing the progress made on different aspects of this area, outstanding challenges, and promising future directions, is missing. To fill this gap, we discuss the recent advances in deep learning-based object pose estimation, covering all three formulations of the problem, i.e., instance-level, category-level, and unseen object pose estimation. Our survey also covers multiple input data modalities, degrees-of-freedom of output poses, object properties, and downstream tasks, providing the readers with a holistic understanding of this field. Additionally, it discusses training paradigms of different domains, inference modes, application areas, evaluation metrics, and benchmark datasets, as well as reports the performance of current state-of-the-art methods on these benchmarks, thereby facilitating the readers in selecting the most suitable method for their application. Finally, the survey identifies key challenges, reviews the prevailing trends along with their pros and cons, and identifies promising directions for future research. We also keep tracing the latest works at Awesome-Object-Pose-Estimation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

Exploiting the Intrinsic Neighborhood Semantic Structure for Domain Adaptation in EEG-based Emotion Recognition

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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2025年

作者： Yang, Yi Wang, Ze Song, Yu Jia, Ziyu Wang, Boyu Jung, Tzyy-Ping Wan, Feng Macau University of Science and Technology Macao Centre for Mathematical Sciences Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic Intelligence and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications Faculty of Innovation Engineering 999078 China Tianjin University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Conversion Transmission and Intelligent Control Tianjin300384 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Brainnetome and Brain-Computer Interface and Brainnetome Center Institute of Automation Beijing100045 China Western University Department of Computer Science Brain Mind Institute LondonONN6A 3K7 Canada University of California at San Diego Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience Institute for Neural Computation La Jolla CA92093 United States University of Macau Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology China University of Macau Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Institute of Collaborative Innovation 999078 China

Due to the inherent non-stationarity and individual differences present in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, developing a generalizable model that performs well on new subjects is challenging in EEG-based emotion recognition. Most existing domain adaptation (DA) methods typically mitigate these discrepancies by aligning the marginal distributions of domain feature representations. However, when there is a significant difference in the class-conditional distribution between domain features and labels, the domain-invariant features learned by aligning marginal distributions may have limited discriminative ability for unlabeled target instances or even prove counterproductive. To address this issue, we propose a Neighborhood Semantic Aware Learning-based Dynamic Graph Attention Convolution (NSAL-DGAT) approach that learns target semantic information by considering the inter-domain semantic topological structure, thereby improving classifier adaptation for target instances. Specifically, the proposed NSAL framework is designed to capitalize on the insight that after domain feature alignment, some target samples and their neighboring source samples exhibit similar semantics. By leveraging the neighborhood topological structure, we extract and incorporate semantic target features to train a more transferable classifier. Besides, we implement an entropy weighting mechanism to emphasize representative target semantic information, encouraging target instances to prioritize high-confidence individuals within the source neighborhood. We have conducted extensive experiments on the public SEED dataset and our collected the Hearing-Impaired EEG Dataset (HIED). The experimental results underscore the efficacy of our proposed NSAL-DGAT approach, showcasing state-of-the-art accuracy in subject-dependent as well as subject-independent scenarios. The source code is available at https://***/YYingDL/NSAL-DGAT. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Speech analysis

An Untethered Soft Robotic Gripper with Adjustable Grasping Modes and Force Feedback

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An Untethered Soft Robotic Gripper with Adjustable Grasping ...

IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Yang Yang Honghui Zhu Jia Liu Yingtian Li Jianshu Zhou Tao Ren Yi Ren School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Jiangsu China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Meteorological Exploration Robot Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Center for Logistics Robotics Hong Kong School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu China Advanced Manufacturing Lab Huawei Technologies Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481106

In this paper, we propose a three-finger soft robotic gripper, which adopts an untethered and under-actuated design with simple structure and easy operation. The rotation of two servomotors is used to control the positions of the fingers, which provides the fingers with adjustable grasping modes and improves the adaptation of the gripper to objects with different shapes. A pressure sensor is integrated at the end of the finger to provide force feedback, which is used to detect the contact force when grasping the object and enables the gripper to provide the proper grasping force. The experimental section characterizes the bending of the soft robotic finger, and the gripper is integrated at the end of a collaborative robotic arm to demonstrate its adjustable grasping posture and force feedback function. The soft robotic gripper is expected to be used in a variety of scenarios, such as service robot, food industry or garbage sorting.

关键词： Service robots Shape Fingers Force feedback Force Grasping Soft robotics

Unveiling Hidden Vulnerabilities in Digital Human Generation via Adversarial Attacks

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Zhiying Jin, Yeying Shen, Fan Liu, Zhi Chen, Weibin Zhang, Pengju Zhang, Xiaomei Chen, Boyu Shen, Michael Wu, Kejian Fan, Zhaoxin Dong, Jin College of Cyber Security Jinan University China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing School of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University China Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Science University of Pittsburgh United States State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science China University College London United Kingdom Mingdu Tech China Xreal Beijing Academy of Blockchain and Edge Computing China

Expressive human pose and shape estimation (EHPS) is crucial for digital human generation, especially in applications like live streaming. While existing research primarily focuses on reducing estimation errors, it largely neglects robustness and security aspects, leaving these systems vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To address this significant challenge, we propose the Tangible Attack (TBA), a novel framework designed to generate adversarial examples capable of effectively compromising any digital human generation model. Our approach introduces a Dual Heterogeneous Noise Generator (DHNG), which leverages Variational Autoencoders (VAE) and ControlNet to produce diverse, targeted noise tailored to the original image features. Additionally, we design a custom adversarial loss function to optimize the noise, ensuring both high controllability and potent disruption. By iteratively refining the adversarial sample through multi-gradient signals from both the noise and the state-of-the-art EHPS model, TBA substantially improves the effectiveness of adversarial attacks. Extensive experiments demonstrate TBA’s superiority, achieving a remarkable 41.0% increase in estimation error, with an average improvement of approximately 17.0%. These findings expose significant security vulnerabilities in current EHPS models and highlight the need for stronger defenses in digital human generation systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Man machine systems

Active Disturbance Rejection Control for 3D Crane Systems

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Procedia computer science 2024年 242卷 976-983页

作者： Raul-Cristian Roman Radu-Emil Precup Emil M. Petriu Politehnica University of Timisoara Dept. Automation and Applied Informatics Bd. V. Parvan 2 300223 Timişoara Romania Center for Fundamental and Advanced Tech. Res. Romanian Academy – Timisoara Br. Bd. Mihai Viteazu 24 300223 Timisoara Romania University of Ottawa School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 800 King Eduard Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is a data-driven algorithm that offers a promising approach for robust control design. This paper investigates the effectiveness of first-order and second-order ADRC for 3D cranes. To compare the results fairly and reduce the heuristics in parameter tuning, the ADRC parameters were optimally computed via the African Vultures Optimization Algorithm. Both controllers based on ADRC are validated using experiments on a 3D crane laboratory system and their design and performance evaluation are done by minimizing the sum of squared errors. The results demonstrate the robustness of the ADRCs. This comparative analysis highlights the advantages and limitations of both control strategies, providing valuable insights for selecting the appropriate ADRC order for specific applications.

关键词： 3D crane systems ADRC data-driven control optimization

GWO-based Modeling of an Unstable Transport System 9th

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GWO-based Modeling of an Unstable Transport System

9th International Conference on Information Technology and Quantitative Management, ITQM 2022

作者： Gale-Cazan, Cristiana-Bogdana Bojan-Dragos, Claudia-Adina Precup, Radu-Emil Roman, Raul-Cristian Petriu, Emil M Szedlak-Stinean, Alexandra-Iulia Politehnica University of Timisoara Dept. Automation and Applied Informatics Bd. V. Parvan 2 Timisoara300223 Romania Center for Fundamental and Advanced Technical Research Romanian Academy Timisoara Branch Bd. Mihai Viteazu 24 Timisoara300223 Romania University of Ottawa School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 800 King Eduard OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada

The goal of this paper is to obtain optimal models of an unstable transport system, which is a nonlinear process represented by the two-wheeled unstable transport system. An optimization problem is defined in order to ideally minimize and practically reduce the differences of the outputs of the real-time laboratory equipment with respect to the outputs of the nonlinear model. The parameters of the nonlinear models are optimally tuned using a recent metaheuristic optimization algorithm, namely the Grey Wolf Optimizer, which solves three optimization problems. A comparison of the responses of the real-time laboratory equipment and the derived optimal nonlinear models is carried out in various simulation scenarios, which are discussed and analyzed. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Optimization

Simultaneously Calibration of Multi Hand-Eye Robot System Based on Graph

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhou, Zishun Ma, Liping Liu, Xilong Cao, Zhiqiang Yu, Junzhi The Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Australian National University Canberra2601 Australia The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics BIC-ESAT College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Precise calibration is the basis for the vision-guided robot system to achieve high-precision operations. Systems with multiple eyes (cameras) and multiple hands (robots) are particularly sensitive to calibration errors, such as micro-assembly systems. Most existing methods focus on the calibration of a single unit of the whole system, such as poses between hand and eye, or between two hands. These methods can be used to determine the relative pose between each unit, but the serialized incremental calibration strategy cannot avoid the problem of error accumulation in a large-scale system. Instead of focusing on a single unit, this paper models the multi-eye and multi-hand system calibration problem as a graph and proposes a method based on the minimum spanning tree and graph optimization. This method can automatically plan the serialized optimal calibration strategy in accordance with the system settings to get coarse calibration results initially. Then, with these initial values, the closed-loop constraints are introduced to carry out global optimization. Simulation experiments demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm under different noises and various hand-eye configurations. In addition, experiments on real robot systems are presented to further verify the proposed method. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Multipurpose robots