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25th British Machine Vision Conference, BMVC 2014

作者： Roshtkhari, Mehrsan Javan Levine, Martin D. Center for Intelligent Machines Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University MontrealQC Canada

This paper presents an algorithm for multiple-object tracking without using object detection. We concentrate on creating long-term trajectories for unknown moving objects by using a model-free tracking algorithm. Each individual object is tracked by modeling the temporal relationship between sequentially occurring local motion patterns. The algorithm is based on shape and motion descriptors of moving objects, obtained at two hierarchical levels from an event understanding system. By considering both local and global motion patterns, two sets of initial tracks, called linklets, are obtained. Then, a set of sparse tracks, referred to in the literature as tracklets, is produced by grouping linklets demonstrating similar motion patterns. This produces two sets of independent tracklets, referred to as the low- and high-level tracklets. We adopt Markov Chain Monte Carlo Data Association (MCMCDA) to estimate a varying number of trajectories given a set of tracklets as input. To this end, we formulate tracklet association as a Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) problem to create a chain of tracklets. The final output of the data association algorithm is a partition of the set of tracklets such that those belong to individual objects have been grouped. This yields individual tracks for each object in a video. © 2014. The copyright of this document resides with its authors.

关键词： Object detection

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[email protected] : Analysis and results of evolving competitions for domestic and service robots

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Artificial Intelligence 2015年 229卷 258-281页

作者： Luca Iocchi Dirk Holz Javier Ruiz-del-Solar Komei Sugiura Tijn van der Zant Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Italy Autonomous Intelligent Systems Group University of Bonn Germany Department of Electrical Engineering & Advanced Mining Technology Center Universidad de Chile Chile Information Services Platform Laboratory National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Japan Cognitive Robotics Laboratory University of Groningen The Netherlands

Scientific competitions are becoming more common in many research areas of artificial intelligence and robotics, since they provide a shared testbed for comparing different solutions and enable the exchange of research results. Moreover, they are interesting for general audiences and industries. Currently, many major research areas in artificial intelligence and robotics are organizing multiple-year competitions that are typically associated with scientific conferences. One important aspect of such competitions is that they are organized for many years. This introduces a temporal evolution that is interesting to analyze. However, the problem of evaluating a competition over many years remains unaddressed. We believe that this issue is critical to properly fuel changes over the years and measure the results of these decisions. Therefore, this article focuses on the analysis and the results of evolving competitions. In this article, we present the [email protected] competition, which is the largest worldwide competition for domestic service robots, and evaluate its progress over the past seven years. We show how the definition of a proper scoring system allows for desired functionalities to be related to tasks and how the resulting analysis fuels subsequent changes to achieve general and robust solutions implemented by the teams. Our results show not only the steadily increasing complexity of the tasks that [email protected] robots can solve but also the increased performance for all of the functionalities addressed in the competition. We believe that the methodology used in [email protected] for evaluating competition advances and for stimulating changes can be applied and extended to other robotic competitions as well as to multi-year research projects involving Artificial Intelligence and robotics.

关键词： Robotic competitions Artificial intelligence and robotics Benchmarking

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Decoding of Intentional Actions from Scalp Electroencephalography (EEG) in Freely-behaving Infants

Decoding of Intentional Actions from Scalp Electroencephalog...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Zachery R. Hernandez Jesus Cruz-Garza Teresa Tse Jose L. Contreras-Vidal Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface Systems Laboratory at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston (UH) Center for Robotics and Intelligent Systems Tecnologico de Monterrey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

The mirror neuron system (MNS) in humans is thought to enable an individual's understanding of the meaning of actions performed by others and the potential imitation and learning of those actions. In humans, electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in sensorimotor a-band at central electrodes, which desynchronizes both during execution and observation of goal-directed actions (i.e., μ suppression), have been considered an analog to MNS function. However, methodological and developmental issues, as well as the nature of generalized μ suppression to imagined, observed, and performed actions, have yet to provide a mechanistic relationship between EEG μ-rhythm and MNS function, and the extent to which EEG can be used to infer intent during MNS tasks remains unknown. In this study we present a novel methodology using active EEG and inertial sensors to record brain activity and behavioral actions from freely-behaving infants during exploration, imitation, attentive rest, pointing, reaching and grasping, and interaction with an actor. We used δ-band (1-4Hz) EEG as input to a dimensionality reduction algorithm (locality-preserving Fisher's discriminant analysis, LFDA) followed by a neural classifier (Gaussian mixture models, GMMs) to decode the each MNS task performed by freely-behaving 6-24 month old infants during interaction with an adult actor. Here, we present results from a 20-month male infant to illustrate our approach and show the feasibility of EEG-based classification of freely occurring MNS behaviors displayed by an infant. These results, which provide an alternative to the μ-rhythm theory of MNS function, indicate the informative nature of EEG in relation to intentionality (goal) for MNS tasks which may support action-understanding and thus bear implications for advancing the understanding of MNS function.

关键词： Electroencephalography Scalp Acceleration Training Coherence Electrodes Testing

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Opening remarks

2016 International Conference on Advances in Human Machine I...

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2016 International Conference on Advances in Human Machine Interaction, HMI 2016 2016年

作者： Nagaraja, Ch. Swamy, J. Nagendra Rajendra, J. Khan, M.S. Vishwanath Reddy, D.S. Manjunath, N. Dillmann, Ruediger Tarn, Tzyh Jong Zhao, Qianchuan Ammi, Mehdi Zuberek, Wlodek M. Sandhu, P.S. Patthira Newman, K. De Silva Liyanage, Chandratilak Hassan, Sohair Aly Aly Sun, Kien Wen Rahman, Md. Moshiur Ordoño, E. Evangelista Sharma, R.K. Mishra, Preeti Chandel, B.S. Singla, Ekta Petric, Tadej Zhong, Yu Jiglar, Janson Alemzadeh, Kazem Asokan, T. Tripathi, Animesh Tripathi, Manoj Ram, Swaminath Shrma, M.K. Panday, P.N. Kumar, Devendra Hinchey, Mike Stilman, Boris Suraj, Zbigniew Pal, Sankar K. Sasi, Sreela Rajan, Deepu Marshall, Roger G. Abraham, Ajith Peter S, David Paul, Vargheese Gopakumar, V. Dustdar, Schahram Soto, Sebastián Ventura Rausch, Andreas Angelis, Lefteris Nelson, Andrew L. Botzheim, Janos Bernardino, Heder Soares Zboril, Frantisek Ane, Bernadetta Kwintiana Maeda, Toshiyuki Sakalauskas, Virgilijus Hann, Garenth Lim King Samek, Jan Romero Salguero, José Raúl Varghese, Kuruvilla Kriksciuniene, Dalia Mathew, Jimson Reif, Wolfgang Mauri, Giancarlo Cabrerizo Lorite, Francisco Javier Özcan, Ender Cho, Sung-Bae Paily, Roy P. Rezankova, Hana Tudjarov, Boris Hong, Wei-Chiang De Oliveira, José Valente Flores Romero, Juan Jose Oskouei, Rozita Jamili Cicchetti, Antonio Roy, Chanchal Segura, Sergio Samuel, C. Mallet, Frédéric Mernik, Marjan Punnekkat, Sasikumar Waseemulla, A. Sri Devaraj Urs Educational Trust Bangalore India R. L. Jalappa Institute of Technology Doddaballapur Bangalore India Humanoids and Intelligence Systems Lab Kalsruhe Germany Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis United States Deputy Director of Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Computer Science CNRS/LIMSI Lab AMI Group France Memorial University St. John'sNL Canada RBIT and Bio-Technology India LR University Thailand University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder United States Faculty of Science University of Brunei Brunei University of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia National Chiao Tung University Taiwan EPR Centre Bangladesh Mapua Institute of Technology Philippines ARO CWC Lucknow India Mpec Kanpur India DSC DBS Kanpu India Indian Institute of Technology Ropar India Jozaf Stefan Institute Department of Automation Biocyernetics and Robotics Ljubljana Slovenia Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States Faculty of Engineering University of Bristol United Kingdom Department of Engineering Design Indian Institute of Technology Madras India Lucknow Uni Lucknow India CSJM Uni Kanpur India UPPCB Lucknow India PCB Roorkee India Awadh Uni Faijabad India Agra Uni Agra India Lero University of Limerick Ireland University of Colorado Denver United States University of Rzeszow Poland Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Gannon University PA United States Nanyang Technical University Singapore Singapore Plymouth State University NH United States MIR Labs United States Cochin University of Science and Technology India State Project Facilitation Unit TEQIP Kerala India Technical University of Vienna Austria University of Cordoba Spain Clausthal University of Technology Germany Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece Androtics LLC TucsonAZ United States Tokyo Metropolitan University Japan Federal Unive

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Social Adaptation of Robots for Modulating Self-Organization in Animal Societies

Social Adaptation of Robots for Modulating Self-Organization...

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IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops, SASOW

作者： Payam Zahadat Michael Bodi Ziad Salem Frank Bonnet Marcelo Elias De Oliveira Francesco Mondada Karlo Griparic Tomislav Haus Stjepan Bogdan Rob Mills Pedro Mariano Luis Correia Olga Kernbach Serge Kernbach Thomas Schmickl Artificial Life Laboratory of the Department of Zoology Karl-Franzens University Graz Austria Computer Engineering Department Aleppo University Syrian Arab Republic Rbotic Systems Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne VD CH Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems Zagreb Croatia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Lisboa PT Cybertronica Research Research Center of Advanced Robotics and Environmental Science Stuttgart Germany

The goal of the work presented here is to influence the overall behaviour of specific animal societies by integrating computational mechatronic devices (robots) into those societies. To do so, these devices should be accepted by the animals aspart of the society and/or as part of the collectively formed environment. For that, we have developed two sets of robotic hardware for integrating into societies of two different animals: zebra fish and young honeybees. We also developed mechanisms to provide feedback from the behaviours of societies for the controllers of the robotic system. Two different computational methods are then used as the controllers of the robots in simulation and successfully adapted by evolutionary algorithms to influence the simulated animals for desired behaviours. Together, these advances in mechatronic hardware, feedback mechanisms, and controller methodology are laying essential foundations to facilitate experiments on modulating self-organised behaviour in mixed animal -- robot societies.

关键词： Animals Heating Vibrations Robot sensing systems Hardware Biochemistry

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The Hybrid Minimum Principle in the Presence of Switching Costs

The Hybrid Minimum Principle in the Presence of Switching Co...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Ali Pakniyat Peter E. Caines Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) and the Center for Intelligent Machines (CIM) McGill University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357159

Hybrid optimal control problems are studied for systems where, in addition to running costs, switching between discrete states incurs costs. A key aspect of the analysis is the relationship between the Hamiltonian and the adjoint process before and after the switching instants. In this paper, the analysis is performed for systems for which autonomous and controlled state jumps are not permitted. First the results are established in the hybrid Mayer optimal control problem setup using the needle variation technique, and then the results for the hybrid Bolza optimal control problem are established via the calculus of variations methodology.

关键词： minimum principle Optimal control switching Hamiltonian presences Calculus of variation

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Planning with a Task Modeling Framework in Manufacturing robotics

Planning with a Task Modeling Framework in Manufacturing Rob...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Jacob Huckaby Stavros Vassos Henrik I. Christensen Center for Robotics & Intelligent Machines Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering Sapienza University of Rome 00185 Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467363563

In this paper we present the idea that by using AI planning in concert with formal task modeling, the overhead associated with plan creation for complex tasks can be reduced. The proposed approach uses a SysML taxonomy to model the system capabilities and the process specification, and the PDDL planning language to determine acceptable objective solutions. This idea is applied to the manufacturing domain, and examples are shown modeling a multi-robot system in an automobile manufacturing environment. A discussion is given regarding the merits of the demonstrated approach.

关键词： process specification Planning Modeling robotics Automobile manufacture multi-robot systems

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A manually-actuated MRI compatible robotic manipulator for image-guided interventions

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Physica Medica 2014年 30卷 e55-e56页

作者： Eftychios G. Christoforou Christoforos Keroglou Andrew Webb Nikolaos V. Tsekos Ioannis Seimenis KIOS Research Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks University of Cyprus Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Medical Robotics Laboratory University of Houston Houston TX USA Med. Physics Lab Medical School Democritus University of Thrace Alexandroupolis Greece

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A positive tensions PID controller for a planar cable robot: An experimental study

A positive tensions PID controller for a planar cable robot:...

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RSI/ISM International Conference on robotics and Mechatronics (ICROM)

作者： Mohammad A. Khosravi Hamid D. Taghirad Reza Oftadeh Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems (ARAS) Industrial Control Center of Excellence (ICCE) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Intelligent Hydraulics and Automation Department (lHA) Tampere University of Technology Finland

In this paper design and control of planar cable-driven parallel robots are studied in an experimental prospective. Since in this class of manipulators, cable tensionability conditions must be met, feedback control of such robots becomes more challenging than for conventional robots. To meet these conditions, internal force control structure is introduced and used in addition to a PID control scheme to ensure that all cables remain in tension. A robust PID controller is proposed for partial knowledge of the robot, to keep the tracking errors bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is examined through experiments on K.N. Toosi planar cable-driven robot and it is shown that the proposed control structure is able to provide suitable performance in practice.

关键词： PD control Assembly Logic gates Servomotors Force

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Design and validation of a medical robotic system for laser phonomicrosurgery

Design and validation of a medical robotic system for laser ...

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25th International Conference on computer Applications in Industry and engineering, CAINE 2012 and the 4th International Symposium on Sensor Network and Application, SNA 2012

作者： Giallo II, Joseph F. Mattos, Leonardo S. Miller, Sam Neistedt, Zack Draelos, Mark Lee, Gordon Grant, Edward UNC/NCSU Joint BME Dept. Intuitive Surgical Inc. Sunnyvale CA United States Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy Center for Robotics and Intelligent Machines NCSU Raleigh United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering SanDiego State University San Diego CA 92182-1309 United States NCSU ECE Dept. UNC/NCSU Joint BME Dept. Campus Box 7911 Raleigh NC 27695-7911 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781880843888

This paper describes the design and validation of a new medical robotic system for automating laser phonomicrosurgeries. Initially, the goal was to design a laser aiming system to improve human control over currently available systems, both medically and ergonomically. However, with the new system, it quickly became apparent that design sub-goals had to be established, in particular sub-goals related to surgical margin definition and for the interactive user interface. To assist the surgeon, the humancomputer interface design needed to be based on a motorized and computer-controlled laser micro-manipulator, controlled remotely via an electronic joystick. With this new system, the surgeon is better placed ergonomically to conduct the surgery, and the prospect of a fully automated procedure became a practicality. This new system was modeled and simulated as well as fabricated, calibrated, and tested. Control algorithms were developed for testing system positional accuracy, consistency, motion scaling, and limitations. The software for automating laser micromanipulator motions, for tumor ablation, was based on active contours for defining tumor ablation margins. Copyright © 2012 by International Society of computers and Their Applications (ISCA).

关键词： Tumors

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