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E-voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology

Journal of Safety science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 102-109页

作者： Beulah Jayakumari S Lilly Sheeba Maya Eapen Jani Anbarasi Vinayakumar Ravi A.Suganya Malathy Jawahar Department of Information Technology Tagore Engineering College Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram ChennaiIndia Department of Information Technology Jerusalem College of Engineering ChennaiIndia School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia Leather Process Technology Division CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute ChennaiIndia

With the invention of Internet-enabled devices,cloud and blockchain-based technologies,an online voting system can smoothly carry out election *** pandemic situations,citizens tend to develop panic about mass gatherings,which may influence the decrease in the number of *** urges a reliable,flexible,transparent,secure,and cost-effective voting *** proposed online voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology eradicates the flaws that persist in the existing voting system,and it is carried out in three phases:the registration phase,vote casting phase and vote counting phase.A timestamp-based authentication protocol with digital signature validates voters and candidates during the registration and vote casting *** smart contracts,third-party interventions are eliminated,and the transactions are secured in the blockchain ***,to provide accurate voting results,the practical Byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)consensus mechanism is adopted to ensure that the vote has not been modified or ***,the overall performance of the proposed system is significantly better than that of the existing *** performance was analyzed based on authentication delay,vote alteration,response time,and latency.

关键词： E-voting Cloud Blockchain Smart contract Consensus mechanism

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Data Security Storage Mechanism Based on Blockchain Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 4933-4950页

作者： Jin Wang WeiOu Wenhai Wang RSimon Sherratt Yongjun Ren Xiaofeng Yu School of Computer&Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410004China School of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China School of Systems Engineering The University of ReadingReadingRG66AYUK School of Computer Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Business Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

With the rapid development of information technology,the development of blockchain technology has also been deeply *** performing block verification in the blockchain network,if all transactions are verified on the chain,this will cause the accumulation of data on the chain,resulting in data storage *** the same time,the security of data is also challenged,which will put enormous pressure on the block,resulting in extremely low communication efficiency of the *** traditional blockchain system uses theMerkle Tree method to store *** verifying the integrity and correctness of the data,the amount of proof is large,and it is impossible to verify the data in batches.A large amount of data proof will greatly impact the verification efficiency,which will cause end-to-end communication delays and seriously affect the blockchain system’s stability,efficiency,and *** order to solve this problem,this paper proposes to replace the Merkle tree with polynomial commitments,which take advantage of the properties of polynomials to reduce the proof size and communication *** realizing the ingenious use of aggregated proof and smart contracts,the verification efficiency of blocks is improved,and the pressure of node communication is reduced.

关键词： Blockchain cryptographic commitment smart contract data storage

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Virtual Assembly Collision Detection Algorithm Using Backpropagation Neural Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 1085-1100页

作者： Baowei Wang Wen You School of Computer Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyDigital Forensics Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of EducationNanjing210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

As computer graphics technology continues to advance,Collision Detection(CD)has emerged as a critical element in fields such as virtual reality,computer graphics,and interactive *** is indispensable for ensuring the fidelity of physical interactions and the realism of virtual environments,particularly within complex scenarios like virtual assembly,where both high precision and real-time responsiveness are *** ongoing developments,current CD techniques often fall short in meeting these stringent requirements,resulting in inefficiencies and inaccuracies that impede the overall performance of virtual assembly *** address these limitations,this study introduces a novel algorithm that leverages the capabilities of a Backpropagation Neural Network(BPNN)to optimize the structural composition of the Hybrid Bounding Volume Tree(HBVT).Through this optimization,the research proposes a refined Hybrid Hierarchical Bounding Box(HHBB)framework,which is specifically designed to enhance the computational efficiency and precision of CD *** HHBB framework strategically reduces the complexity of collision detection computations,thereby enabling more rapid and accurate responses to collision *** experimental validation within virtual assembly environments reveals that the proposed algorithm markedly improves the performance of CD,particularly in handling complex *** optimized HBVT architecture not only accelerates the speed of collision detection but also significantly diminishes error rates,presenting a robust and scalable solution for real-time applications in intricate virtual *** findings suggest that the proposed approach offers a substantial advancement in CD technology,with broad implications for its application in virtual reality,computer graphics,and related fields.

关键词： Collision detection virtual assembly backpropagation neural network real-time interactivity

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Revisiting Adversarial Patches for Designing Camera-Agnostic Attacks against Person Detection 38

Revisiting Adversarial Patches for Designing Camera-Agnostic...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Wei, Hui Wang, Zhixiang Zhang, Kewei Hou, Jiaqi Liu, Yuanwei Tang, Hao Wang, Zheng National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University China The University of Tokyo Japan School of Computer Science Peking University China

Physical adversarial attacks can deceive deep neural networks (DNNs), leading to erroneous predictions in real-world scenarios. To uncover potential security risks, attacking the safety-critical task of person detection has garnered significant attention. However, we observe that existing attack methods overlook the pivotal role of the camera, involving capturing real-world scenes and converting them into digital images, in the physical adversarial attack workflow. This oversight leads to instability and challenges in reproducing these attacks. In this work, we revisit patch-based attacks against person detectors and introduce a camera-agnostic physical adversarial attack to mitigate this limitation. Specifically, we construct a differentiable camera Image Signal Processing (ISP) proxy network to compensate for the physical-to-digital transition gap. Furthermore, the camera ISP proxy network serves as a defense module, forming an adversarial optimization framework with the attack module. The attack module optimizes adversarial patches to maximize effectiveness, while the defense module optimizes the conditional parameters of the camera ISP proxy network to minimize attack effectiveness. These modules engage in an adversarial game, enhancing cross-camera stability. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed Camera-Agnostic Patch (CAP) attack effectively conceals persons from detectors across various imaging hardware, including two distinct cameras and four smartphones. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Comparative analysis of navigation algorithms for mobile robot

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第12期15卷 3861-3871页

作者： Heng, Han Ghazali, Mohamad Hazwan Mohd Rahiman, Wan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Penang Nibong Tebal14300 Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Penang Nibong Tebal14300 Malaysia Daffodil Robotics Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka1216 Bangladesh

Various applications, including space exploration, transportation, factories, and the military, demand the presence of mobile robots. In those applications, navigation algorithms are essential for enabling mobile robots to operate efficiently and safely in static and dynamic environments. Due to the numerous navigation algorithms available, choosing a suitable and robust one for a specific mobile robot application can be challenging. Therefore, there is a pressing need to conduct a comparative analysis to evaluate the performance and adaptability of different navigation algorithms. This article presents a comparative study of five distinct algorithms in the domain of path planning, which are rapidly random tree (RRT), A*, genetic algorithm (GA), ant colony optimization (ACO), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The investigation was conducted on three distinct maps, and the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm are demonstrated. Findings show that increasing the step distance and number of iteration parameters will result in an increase in the planning time. Consequently, the obtained path lengths are also reduced except for the PSO algorithm. Findings show that in the three different environments considered in this paper, the GA exhibits better performance, where a 90% reduction in the planning time is achieved while obtaining the same path length as the A* algorithm, which is the shortest path. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Deep Neural Networks for Gait Cycle Percentage Prediction in Frail Older Adults Using a Foot-Mounted IMU

Deep Neural Networks for Gait Cycle Percentage Prediction in...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Wang, Jiachen Guan, Zeyang Cai, Jinghao Li, Xiang Wu, Chuanyan Ma, Xin Li, Yibin Song, Rui Zhang, Huanghe Center for Robotics School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan Shandong250100 China School of Intelligent Engineering Shandong Management University Jinan Shandong250357 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

Accurate gait phase prediction is crucial for effective gait training interventions, which are essential for preventing falls in the elderly. This study introduces a novel gait cycle percentage prediction method using end-to-end deep learning networks (DNNs) through a foot-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU). The model is trained and tested on the GSTRIDE database, comprising data from 158 frail older adults with a total of 176,470 recorded strides. Utilizing 10-fold cross-validation, the model demonstrates a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.04 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.11. The proposed architecture enables real-time prediction, analyzing each stride in under 0.007 seconds. This demonstrates its potential for integration into wearable devices, allowing continuous monitoring and feedback for gait training. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Secrecy Performance Review for IoT-based Cognitive Farming System

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Recent Patents on engineering 2024年第7期18卷 66-75页

作者： Chopra, Khyati Alam, M. Afshar Department of CSE Jamia Hamdard University New Dehli India University School of Automation and Robotics GGSIPU New Delhi110032 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jamia Hamdard University New Delhi110062 India

Smart farm management has complex challenges;therefore, there is a need to improve the overall adaptability, profitability, and environmental soundness of the farming systems. Agricultural production can be enhanced with the help of IoT-based cognitive tools. The rapid increase in IoT-based smart systems has raised critical concerns about efficiently utilizing the wireless spectrum. To drastically bring the improvement in the utilization of the wireless spectrum, cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as an effective solution. The inherent openness and broadcast nature of the wireless medium have given rise to many security issues in cooperative networks. Information-theoretic security or physical layer security (PLS) is evolved as an efficacious wireless prototype for reliable transmissions to avert the eavesdropper from expropriating transmittal data on the wireless connections. Security is the key factor in these networks as they are exposed and active in be-havior, thus, are susceptible to fraudulent activities. In this patent study, we investigated the performance of the CR system in terms of secrecy and also examined the system in terms of diversity receipt and selection of relay. The secrecy outcome of channel state information at the sender was also studied. The detrimental effects of fading in cooperative networks were also extensively discussed. Cooperative diversity was examined by deploying MRC and SC strategies at receptors. It has been deduced that CSI knowledge at the sender also has an eloquent concussion on the secrecy of the cognitive system. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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Graph-Based Feature Learning for Cross-Project Software Defect Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 161-180页

作者： Ahmed Abdu Zhengjun Zhai Hakim A.Abdo Redhwan Algabri Sungon Lee School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina Department of Computer Science Hodeidah UniversityPO Box 3114Al-HudaydahYemen Research Institute of Engineering and Technology Hanyang UniversityAnsanKorea Department of Robotics Hanyang UniversityAnsanKorea

Cross-project software defect prediction(CPDP)aims to enhance defect prediction in target projects with limited or no historical data by leveraging information from related source *** existing CPDP approaches rely on static metrics or dynamic syntactic features,which have shown limited effectiveness in CPDP due to their inability to capture higher-level system properties,such as complex design patterns,relationships between multiple functions,and dependencies in different software projects,that are important for *** paper introduces a novel approach,a graph-based feature learning model for CPDP(GB-CPDP),that utilizes NetworkX to extract features and learn representations of program entities from control flow graphs(CFGs)and data dependency graphs(DDGs).These graphs capture the structural and data dependencies within the source *** proposed approach employs Node2Vec to transform CFGs and DDGs into numerical vectors and leverages Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks to learn predictive *** process involves graph construction,feature learning through graph embedding and LSTM,and defect *** evaluation using nine open-source Java projects from the PROMISE dataset demonstrates that GB-CPDP outperforms state-of-the-art CPDP methods in terms of F1-measure and Area Under the Curve(AUC).The results showcase the effectiveness of GB-CPDP in improving the performance of cross-project defect prediction.

关键词： Cross-project defect prediction graphs features deep learning graph embedding

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Multivariate long sequence time-series forecasting using dynamic graph learning

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第6期14卷 7679-7693页

作者： Wang, Xiaohu Wang, Yong Peng, Jianjian Zhang, Zhicheng School of Computer Science and Engineering Center for CyberSecurity University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Xi Yuan Ave. Sichuan Chengdu611731 China

Time series prediction is a subset of temporal data mining, which seeks to forecast its values in the future by using the accessible historical observations within the specified time periods. Deep neural networks have shown their superiority in predicting time series according to recent studies. Unfortunately, most models overlook differences and interdependencies between variables when tackling the multivariate long sequence time-series forecasting problem. In order to explicitly learn them and take them into account at a fine-grained level to resolve the dynamics of variable dependencies, we introduce Graph Convolutional Networks into Transformer in this article. To counteract the local insensitivity of the Transformer, we further integrate the Temporal Convolutional Network as a component of the self-attention layer. The experimental evaluation results on four open datasets show that our model performs noticeably better than a diverse range of state-of-the-art benchmarks. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Time series

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Region-adaptive Concept Aggregation for Few-shot Visual Recognition

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第4期20卷 554-568页

作者： Mengya Han Yibing Zhan Baosheng Yu Yong Luo Han Hu Bo Du Yonggang Wen Dacheng Tao School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia SoftwareWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072China School of Computer Science The University of SydneySydney2006Australia JD Explore Academy Beijing101116China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to learn novel concepts from very limited examples. However, most FSL methods suffer from the issue of lacking robustness in concept learning. Specifically, existing FSL methods usually ignore the diversity of region contents that may contain concept-irrelevant information such as the background, which would introduce bias/noise and degrade the performance of conceptual representation learning. To address the above-mentioned issue, we propose a novel metric-based FSL method termed region-adaptive concept aggregation network or RCA-Net. Specifically, we devise a region-adaptive concept aggregator (RCA) to model the relationships of different regions and capture the conceptual information in different regions, which are then integrated in a weighted average manner to obtain the conceptual representation. Consequently, robust concept learning can be achieved by focusing more on the concept-relevant information and less on the conceptual-irrelevant information. We perform extensive experiments on three popular visual recognition benchmarks to demonstrate the superiority of RCA-Net for robust few-shot learning. In particular, on the Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB200) dataset, the proposed RCA-Net significantly improves 1-shot accuracy from 74.76% to 78.03% and 5-shot accuracy from 86.84% to 89.83% compared with the most competitive counterpart.

关键词： Few-shot learning metric-based meta learning concept learning region-adaptive concept-aggregation

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