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25th Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2024

作者： Rehana, Hasin Bansal, Benu Çam, Nur Bengisu Zheng, Jie He, Yongqun Özgür, Arzucan Hur, Junguk School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of North Dakota Grand ForksND58202 United States Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand ForksND58202 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Dakota Grand ForksND58202 United States Department of Computer Engineering Bogazici University Istanbul34342 Turkey Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

In natural language processing, named entity recognition (NER) is a crucial task involving finding and categorizing text entities. The biomedical domain presents substantial hurdles due to the complex structure of the language and the existence of nested entities. This paper introduces an innovative method for Nested NER by utilizing a multilayer bidirectional encoder representation transformer (BERT)-based model, notably employing pretrained PubMedBERT. Our proposed model is designed to manage nested entities' complexities effectively. We combined the robust contextual embeddings from PubMedBERT with a multilayer tagging process. This approach allowed the model to precisely differentiate between overlapping items, a frequent occurrence in biomedical literature. To assess the effectiveness of our Multilayer NER Model (MultilayerNERModel), we conducted thorough experiments on the BioNNE English Dataset, a dataset for a shared task of BioASQ competition. The findings suggest that employing a multilayer approach enhances the model's ability to identify nested entities, resulting in the thorough detection of entities in biomedical texts. It earned the highest overall performance in English oriented track, with an F1 score of 67.30% and a macro F1 score of 56.36%. These results demonstrate the significant impact of utilizing a multilayer approach in Nested NER tasks, especially in the biomedical domain. The use of UMLS dictionaries, along with the MultilayerNERModel, further enhances the model's performance in biomedical entity recognition. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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A Multi-Objective Design Optimization for the Exterior Wall Coating of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Regions

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Guangpeng Wu, Huijun Liu, Jia Huang, Huakun Liu, Yanchen School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Building Thermal Engineering and Low Carbon Control Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou510006 China

In building design and renovation, two crucial objectives are achieving thermal-comfort and enhancing energy-saving. Aiming at trade-off solutions between the thermal-comfort and energy-saving, a multi-objective optimization approach is proposed to optimize the key parameters of exterior wall coatings through the integration of the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II with Energy Plus. Three optimization scenarios (i.e., prioritizing energy-saving, thermal-comfort, equally energy-saving and thermal-comfort) are investigated to help decision-makers to design exterior wall coatings. The results indicate that, in scenario prioritizing energy-saving, the energy-saving is 29% compared with the comparison building, while the annual thermal-comfort time is 4315 hrs. In scenario prioritizing thermal-comfort, the annual thermal-comfort time is increased by 3%, while the cooling energy intensity is 3.04 kWh·m-2·a. In scenario prioritizing equally energy-saving and thermal-comfort, the energy-saving is 12%, and the annual thermal-comfort time is 4579 hrs. The effects of coatings thermal parameters on thermal-comfort and energy-saving are also investigated. Low thermal conductivity and long-wave emissivity are beneficial for both thermal-comfort and energy-saving, so it is recommended to take 0.05 and 0.85~0.87 for thermal conductivity and long-wave emissivity, respectively. However, the effect of solar reflectance on thermal-comfort and energy-saving is opposite. A high solar reflectance is beneficial for energy-saving and unbeneficial for thermal-comfort, so its value is determined according to the priority of the objective. The investigate results can provide a guidance for the parameter design of exterior wall coatings of residential buildings located in hot summer and warm winter regions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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UDE-based Robust Control for a Class of Nonaffine Nonlinear Systems with Uncertainties and Output Constraint

UDE-based Robust Control for a Class of Nonaffine Nonlinear ...

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第40届中国控制会议

作者： Tian Chen Sainan Zhang Shuzhi Sam Ge School of Computer Science and Engineering Center for RoboticsUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Biomechatronics and Intelligent Roboticsthe City College of New York Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singaporeand also with the Institute for Center for RoboticsUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

In this paper,we study the robust control problem of a class of nonaffine nonlinear systems based on uncertainty and disturbance estimator（UDE） under unknown system dynamics and output constraint.A proposed UDE control method is used to estimate uncertainties that contain the uncertainty of *** prominent feature of UDE is to avoid the construction of inverse *** control design requires only the bandwidth information of ***,the barrier Lyapunov function（BLF） is used directly to address the problem of output *** remarkable feature of the BLF compared to the Lyapunov function based on pure tracking error is to relax the feasible initial output signal to the whole constraint *** on the control of UDE,by using Lyapunov’s stability theory,the consistent boundary of the closed-loop system is *** the simulation studies of model uncertainty and external disturbance,the validity of the proposed UDE-based control method is proved and compared with the traditional UDE control method.

关键词： Nonaffine Nonlinear Systems Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimator Barrier Lyapunov Function

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Magnesium doping profile control in p-GaN layers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

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Journal of Crystal Growth 2023年 602卷

作者： Bakhtiary-Noodeh, Marzieh Detchprohm, Theeradetch Dupuis, Russell D. School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States Center for Compound Semiconductors and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States

The development of p-type GaN:Mg films is one of many challenges in the growth of III-N materials by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). High-performance p-n junctions and related devices require well-controlled doping in p-GaN layers. In this work, the bis-cyclopentadienyl magnesium [Mg(C5H5)2, Cp2Mg] flowrate, Cp2Mg prepurge and growth temperature (Tg) were optimized to improve the Mg p-type doping with minimum Mg back diffusion and memory effects. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to investigate the Mg impurity profiles of the as-grown p-GaN regions in the samples. The Mg doping concentration ([Mg]), memory-effect induced [Mg] in the layer immediately grown after the p-GaN layer, and Mg back-diffusion length, i.e., width of region where [Mg] rises above the detection limit in an undoped (u1-GaN) layer which is grown prior to the p-GaN layer, were studied. The results show a direct relationship between the Mg back diffusion and the Cp2Mg flowrate. It is found that the Mg doping concentration and back diffusion increased with increasing Cp2Mg/III ratio while the memory-effect induced [Mg] is not affected. At a 60 s prepurge of Cp2Mg (at 1.03 μmol/min), both the Mg doping concentration and back diffusion reach maximum values. However, the memory-effect induced [Mg] reaches a maximum value at the Cp2Mg prepurge of 90 s. Also, increasing the growth temperature, Tg, from 1040 °C to 1070 °C shows an increase of the Mg back-diffusion length by ∼ 50 %. © 2022

关键词： Metallorganic chemical vapor deposition

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VoroNav: voronoi-based zero-shot object navigation with large language model 24

VoroNav: voronoi-based zero-shot object navigation with larg...

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Pengying Wu Yao Mu Bingxian Wu Yi Hou Ji Ma Shanghang Zhang Chang Liu Department of Advancded Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering Peking University Beijing China The University of Hong Kong and OpenGVLab Shanghai AI Laboratory National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

In the realm of household robotics, the Zero-Shot Object Navigation (ZSON) task empowers agents to adeptly traverse unfamiliar environments and locate objects from novel categories without prior explicit training. This paper introduces VoroNav, a novel semantic exploration framework that proposes the Reduced Voronoi Graph to extract exploratory paths and planning nodes from a semantic map constructed in real time. By harnessing topological and semantic information, VoroNav designs text-based descriptions of paths and images that are readily interpretable by a large language model (LLM). In particular, our approach presents a synergy of path and farsight descriptions to represent the environmental context, enabling LLM to apply commonsense reasoning to ascertain waypoints for navigation. Extensive evaluation on HM3D and HSSD validates VoroNav surpasses existing benchmarks in both success rate and exploration efficiency (absolute improvement: +2.8% Success and +3.7% SPL on HM3D, +2.6% Success and +3.8% SPL on HSSD). Additionally introduced metrics that evaluate obstacle avoidance proficiency and perceptual efficiency further corroborate the enhancements achieved by our method in ZSON planning. Project page: https://***

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LGNet:Local and global representation learning for fast biomedical image segmentation

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2023年第4期16卷 29-39页

作者： Guoping Xu Xuan Zhang Wentao Liao Shangbin Chen Xinglong Wu School of Computer Science&Engineering Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent RobotWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhanHubei 430205P.R.China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074P.R.China

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and therapy systems,yet still faces many *** on convolutional neural networks(CNNs),medical image segmentation has achieved tremendous ***,owing to the locality of convolution operations,CNNs have the inherent limitation in learning global *** address the limitation in building global context relationship from CNNs,we propose LGNet,a semantic segmentation network aiming to learn local and global features for fast and accurate medical image segmentation in this ***,we employ a two-branch architecture consisting of convolution layers in one branch to learn local features and transformer layers in the other branch to learn global *** has two key insights:(1)We bridge two-branch to learn local and global features in an interactive way;(2)we present a novel multi-feature fusion model(MSFFM)to leverage the global contexture information from transformer and the local representational features from *** method achieves state-of-the-art trade-off in terms of accuracy and efficiency on several medical image segmentation benchmarks including Synapse,ACDC and ***,LGNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance with Dice's indexes of 80.15%on Synapse,of 91.70%on ACDC,and of 95.56%on ***,the inference speed attains at 172 frames per second with 224-224 input *** extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed LGNet for fast and accurate for medical image segmentation.

关键词： CNNs transformers segmentation medical image contextual information

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GPU-Accelerated Privacy Aggregation Queries of Crowdsensing Spatio-temporal Data

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Li, Yuxi Chen, Jingjing Ji, Dong Zhu, Fa Chen, Xingchi Park, Jong Hyuk Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Shenyang110819 China Nanjing Forestry University College of Information Sciences and Technology College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing China Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen518000 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering 232 Gongneung-ro Seoul Korea Republic of

Addressing the challenges of query privacy leakage and high verification costs in multisource spatio-temporal data queries within crowdsensing environments, we present CrowdPQ-a novel privacy-preserving aggregation query scheme for spatio-temporal crowdsensing data utilizing GPU acceleration. Our approach leverages a robust two-server secure architecture. At the core of our scheme lies a privacy query protocol based on Function Secret Sharing (FSS), ensuring confidentiality while enabling efficient data aggregation queries. Additionally, we propose a non-interactive lightweight verification protocol utilizing Beaver multiplication triples, significantly minimizing resource consumption from invalid query tokens. We provide a comprehensive formal analysis of CrowdPQ in terms of correctness, security, and complexity. Our prototype, implemented in a two-server setting with GPU support, demonstrates superior performance: GPU acceleration reduces query processing time by 4×, server-side communication cost by 25×, and client-side communication by up to 88.89% compared with existing methods. These results highlight the potential of GPU-enabled secure processing for large-scale crowdsensing data aggregation tasks, offering an innovative pathway for privacy-focused data handling in complex environments. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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One year mortality prediction in heart failure using feature selection and missing value imputation in deep learning

One year mortality prediction in heart failure using feature...

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International Conference on Big Data and Smart Computing (BIGCOMP)

作者： Taehyun Kim Minwook Kim Hye Won Lee Giltae Song School of Computer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea Department of Cardiology Pusan National University Hospital Busan Republic of Korea School of Computer Science and Engineering Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Center Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea

Heart failure is a disease caused by a deterioration in the function of the heart and a failure to supply the blood properly needed for the body. Follow-up measure with drugs and hospitalization can affect the survival of heart failure patients. Currently, none of the heart failure survival models including theses variables are effective yet. In this paper, we propose a method to effectively predict deaths within a year in patients with heart failure in Korea through preprocessing and deep learning. We used Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry dataset which considers various features of patients with a left ventricular ejection rate 40% or less. Feature importance was measured using four models to find key features related to patients’ survival. We conducted several data preprocessing such as missing value imputation. Our machine learning approach showed higher accuracy than existing methods for predicting one year mortality of patients in heart failure.

关键词： Deep learning Heart Drugs Current measurement Data preprocessing Myocardium Big Data

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Polarization-modulated population distribution of nitrogen molecular ions in a strong laser field

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Physical Review A 2024年第5期109卷 053522-053522页

作者： Yewei Chen Chaohui Zhou Xu Lu Liang Xu Qi Yuan Siyi He Rongyu Gong Ning Zhang Quanjun Wang Shunlin Huang Yuzhu Wu Yi Liu Jinping Yao School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Microelectronics Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

We investigate the dependence of N2+ lasing radiation on the polarization ellipticity of the pump laser with the 900- and 980-nm wavelengths. Our results show that the 391-nm lasing radiation is stronger with the elliptically polarized laser in the 900-nm pumping case, while the lasing signal decays monotonically with the increasing ellipticity in the 980-nm pumping case. In contrast, the strongest 428-nm lasing appears with the linear polarization laser for both pumping cases. The theoretical simulations reproduce key observations and reveal that the physical origin underlying the ellipticity-dependent behaviors is the sensitivity of photoexcitation of different channels on the wavelength and polarization of the pump laser. At the 900-nm pump wavelength, one-photon excitation from X2Σg+ to A2Πu of N2+ plays a dominant role in the population inversion. The elliptically polarized laser is beneficial to the perpendicular transition between the two states. In the 980-nm pumping case, the three-photon excitation from X2Σg+ to B2Σu+, which prefers linear polarization pumping, dominates the population inversion. The 428-nm lasing gain mainly depends on the population on the B2Σu+ state, thus the strongest radiation always occurs in the case of linear polarization. The polarization-dependent behaviors of N2+ lasing reflect the complex population inversion mechanism in the strong-field-prepared ionic system.

关键词： Air lasing Electronic excitation & ionization Multiphoton or tunneling ionization & excitation Ultrafast phenomena

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User distributions in shard-based blockchain network: queueing modeling, game analysis, and protocol design 21

User distributions in shard-based blockchain network: queuei...

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22nd International Symposium on Theory, Algorithmic Foundations, and Protocol Design for Mobile Networks and Mobile Computing, MobiHoc 2021

作者： Chen, Canhui Ma, Qian Chen, Xu Huang, Jianwei School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781450385589

Sharding is one of the most promising and practical methods to achieve horizontal scalability of blockchain networks. However, the increasing number of cross-shard transactions in blockchain sharding protocols may degrade the system throughput. In this paper, we investigate how to distribute users properly in the shard-based blockchains to boost the system transaction performance. We first build an open Jackson queueing network model to capture users' transaction dynamics on shards. Then we cast users' interactions as a shard-based blockchain game, wherein each user aims to minimize its transaction confirmation time and transaction fee. We investigate the equilibrium of the game, and design a polynomial-time algorithm to find efficient equilibria with good system performance. We further design a novel sharding protocol with dynamic user distribution for the permissionless blockchain, and the protocol can maintain good performance in long-term dynamic environment. Extensive numerical results using realistic blockchain transaction data demonstrate that the proposed algorithm and the designed protocol can achieve superior performance for shard-based blockchains. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Game theory

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