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Intelligent ion gels: Design, performance, and applications

SmartMat 2024年第1期5卷 38-58页

作者： Naiwei Gao Caofeng Pan Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro‐nano Energy and Sensor CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nano SensorsCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Intelligent ion gels,which possess highly tunable mechanical,electrical,and stimulus‐responsive properties,have emerged as powerful candidates in the field of artificial intelligence,telemedicine,and health *** enrich the functionality of ion gels,it is critical to explore the link between the structure and function of ion *** this review,we provide an overview of the synthesis path and functional derivatives of ion *** conformational relationships of ion gels have been discussed,such as the effect of structure on electrical conductivity as well as sensing *** the perspective of stimulus response,the role of ion gels in areas such as bionic haptics,neural devices,artificial muscles,and intelligent displays has also been *** is possible that smart ion gels will open up a new horizon in the upcoming smart era,especially after the current challenges are resolved.

关键词： chemical structure intelligent electronics ion gels stimulus‐responsive

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Variable layout CMOS pixels for end-to-end learning in task specific Image sensors

Variable layout CMOS pixels for end-to-end learning in task ...

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IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and systems (AICAS)

作者： Bhaskar Choubey Hendrik Sommerhoff Michael Moeller Andreas Kolb Chair of Analogue Circuits and Image Sensors Center for Sensor Systems (ZESS) University of Siegen Siegen Germany Chair of Computer Graphics and Multimedia Systems Center for Sensor Systems (ZESS) University of Siegen Siegen Germany Chair of Computer Vision Center for Sensor Systems (ZESS) University of Siegen Siegen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350383638

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383645

CMOS Image sensors produce data used in several machine learning models. Typically, their layout is limited to rectangular grid of uniform pixels. However, their shape and size can provide another optimisation parameter in end-to-end training in specific machine learning tasks. Variable layout pixels are observed as one potential approach. An image sensor with such variable and learned layout is presented. A technique for automatic generation of such layouts is also described, along with data from a typical implementation of such pixels.

关键词： Image sensors Semiconductor device modeling Training Shape Layout Data models Transistors

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Towards high quality transferred barium titanate ferroelectric hybrid integrated modulator on silicon

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第4期5卷 1-11页

作者： Mengxue Tao Butong Zhang Tianxiang Zhao Xiaoxuan Wu Ming Liu Guohua Dong Junjia Wang National Research Center for Optical Sensors/Communications Integrated Networks School of Electronic Science and EngineeringSoutheast University2 SipailouNanjing210096China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Electronic Materials Research LaboratoryKey Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationEngineering Research Center of Spin Quantum Sensor ChipsUniversities of Shaanxi ProvinceSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Silicon photonics is currently the leading technology for the development of compact and low-cost photonic integrated ***,despite its enormous potential,certain limitations,such as the absence of a linear electro-optical(EO)effect because of the symmetric crystal structure of silicon *** contrast,barium titanate(BTO)exhibits a strong Pockels *** this study,we demonstrated a high-quality transferred barium titanate ferroelectric hybrid integrated modulator on a silicon-on-insulator *** proposed hybrid integration of BTO on silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometers exhibited EO modulation with a V_(π)L as low as 1.67 V·cm,thereby facilitating the realisation of compact EO *** hybrid integration of BTO with SOI waveguides is expected to pave the way for the development of high-speed and high efficiency EO modulators.

关键词： Barium titanate Ferroelectric Hybrid integration Modulators

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Advancing tele-perception: a paradigm shift from traditional non-contact sensing to adaptive embodied artificial intelligence systems

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Science Bulletin 2025年第9期70卷 1375-1379页

作者： Du, Yan Wang, Zhonglin Wei, Di Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101400 China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and Systems Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101400 China Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0FA United Kingdom

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Mechano-driven chemical reactions

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第5期10卷 937-966页

作者： Shaoxin Li Jiajin Liu Zhong Lin Wang Di Wei Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and SystemsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400China Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy Knowledge CityHuangpu DistrictGuangzhou510555China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0245USA Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridgeCB30FAUK

Traditional chemical processes often generate substantial waste,leading to significant pollution of water,air,and *** ecofriendly chemical methods is crucial for economic and environmental ***-driven chemistry,with its potential for material recyclability and minimal byproducts,is well-aligned with green chemistry *** its origins over 2000 years ago and nearly 200years of scientific investigation,mechano-driven chemistry has not been widely implemented in *** is likely due to a lack of comprehensive understanding and the complex physical effects of mechanical forces,which challenge reaction efficiency and *** review summarizes the historical development of mechano-driven chemistry and discusses its progress across various physical mechanisms,including mechanochemistry,tribochemistry,piezochemistry,and contact electrification(CE)***-induced chemical reactions,involving ion transfer,electron transfer,and radical generation,are detailed,emphasizing the dominant role of radicals initiated by electron transfer and the influence of ion transfer through electrical double layer(EDL)*** efficient,eco-friendly,and controllable green chemical technologies can reduce reliance on traditional energy sources(such as electricity and heat)and toxic chemical reagents,fostering innovation in material synthesis,catalytic technologies,and establishing a new paradigm for broader chemical applications.

关键词： Mechano-driven Mechanochemistry Tribochemistry Piezochemistry Contact electrification

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A WINNER+ Based 3-D Non-Stationary Wideband MIMO Channel Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bian, Ji Sun, Jian Wang, Cheng-Xiang Feng, Rui Huang, Jie Yang, Yang Zhang, Minggao Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Wireless Communication Technologies School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Unviersity Shandong Jinan250100 China The Institute of Sensors Signals and Systems School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University EdinburghEH14 4AS United Kingdom Key Lab of Wireless Sensor Network and Communication Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications SIMIT Chinese Academy of Sciences China

In this paper, a three-dimensional (3-D) non-stationary wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model based on the WINNER+ channel model is proposed. The angular distributions of clusters in both the horizontal and vertical planes are jointly considered. The receiver and clusters can be moving, which makes the model more general. Parameters including number of clusters, powers, delays, azimuth angles of departure (AAoDs), azimuth angles of arrival (AAoAs), elevation angles of departure (EAoDs), and elevation angles of arrival (EAoAs) are time-variant. The cluster time evolution is modeled using a birth-death process. Statistical properties, including spatial cross-correlation function (CCF), temporal autocorrelation function (ACF), Doppler power spectrum density (PSD), level-crossing rate (LCR), average fading duration (AFD), and stationary interval are investigated and analyzed. The LCR, AFD, and stationary interval of the proposed channel model are validated against the measurement data. Numerical and simulation results show that the proposed channel model has the ability to reproduce the main properties of real non-stationary channels. Furthermore, the proposed channel model can be adapted to various communication scenarios by adjusting different parameter values. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Contact-Electro-Luminescence Triggered by Triboelectric Charge

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Chong Li, Shaoxin Yang, Zhe Willatzen, Morten Wang, Zhong Lin Wei, Di Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101400 China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and Systems Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101400 China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0245 United States Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge 9 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0FA United Kingdom

Luminol (the essential chemiluminescent reagent) has been widely used in various biochemical and environmental analysis due to the rapid oxidation and emitting blue light by catalysis in aqueous solution. However, this swift luminol reaction presents challenges to investigation of specific reaction process, including identification of intermediates, potentially limiting the accuracy of detection results. Although electrochemical technology is often employed to observe the reaction state of luminol, the introduction of electroactive materials complicates the reaction system and is constrained by compatibility of electrolyte solutions and electrochemical windows. There is still a lack of in-depth research on how to observe and regulate its intermediate substances in a pure luminol luminescence reaction system. To solve the above problems, this work proposes a straightforward and effective approach to directly oxidize luminol via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from contact electrification (CE) between inert solid dielectrics and deionized (DI) water, termed contact-electro-luminescence (CEL). Metal-free, cost-effective solid dielectrics present a promising alternative to expensive metal-based catalysts, aligning well with the principles of green chemistry and sustainable development. Subsequently, two distinct luminescence peaks at 425 nm and 475 nm representing the two intermediate states are directly observed in the reaction containing additives (xylitol and p-benzoquinone). And the intensity of the two emission peaks can be modulated distinctly by different additives. The observation of intermediate is beneficial to reveal the intrinsic of luminescence reactions, exploiting the effective and tunable luminescence system. Moreover, CEL provides a new mechanical-photonic conversion method to study luminescence via triboelectric charge from the CE effect. CEL can offer distinct characteristic signals, offering potential applications in high-efficiency and speci

关键词： Electrolytes

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Nanogenerators via dynamic regulation of electrical double layer

Nano Trends

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Nano Trends 2024年 8卷

作者： Li, Xiang Wang, Zhong Lin Wei, Di Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and Systems Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 China Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy Knowledge City Huangpu District Guangzhou 510555 China Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge 9 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0FA United Kingdom

The world is grappling with dual crises of energy depletion and environmental degradation, as escalating global energy demands strain the sustainability of existing systems. While traditional energy harvesting technologies such as wind, solar, and hydropower have progressed, challenges in energy storage and system stability persist, underscoring the urgent need for more efficient and sustainable alternatives. Emerging water-based energy harvesting technologies that harness the dynamic regulation of electrical double layers (EDLs) at solid-liquid interfaces offer significant advantages, including enhanced energy conversion efficiency and flexible application potential. These systems are particularly well-suited to meet the growing demand for distributed energy in the Internet of Things (IoT), where adaptable and scalable energy solutions are essential. Key nanogenerator technologies utilizing dynamic EDL regulation are classified into five major types: solid-liquid triboelectric nanogenerators (S-L TENGs), triboiontronic nanogenerators (TINGs), hydrovoltaic technology, moisture-enabled electric generators (MEGs), and osmotic power sources. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of their operating principles, output characteristics, and typical applications. Furthermore, it addresses the main challenges and bottlenecks these technologies face and outlines future research and development opportunities, advancing the field of water-based energy harvesting. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Diffuse layer Dynamic regulation Electrical double layer Stern layer Water-based energy harvesting

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Competing effects of temperature and mechanical stress on polar vortex transition in oxide superlattices

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Physical Review B 2024年第19期110卷 195417-195417页

作者： Pan Chen Xu Hou Jiandi Zhang Congbing Tan Peng Gao Yan Liang Xuezeng Tian Lei Liao Xu-Sheng Yang Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong China Department of Engineering Mechanics Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Zheda Road 38 Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensor Materials School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University of Science and Technology 411201 Hunan Xiangtan China

The interplay of different forms of energies in oxide superlattices, such as elastic, electrostatic, and gradient energies, can result in a stable long-range ordered polar vortex structure at room temperature. However, the role between these energies in determining the vortex structure still remains largely elusive due to the intricate interplay. By using a comprehensive in situ TEM apparatus and a prototype system, PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattice, we demonstrate that the vortex structure undergoes a first-order transition at the temperature around 653 K, while the application of in-plane mechanical stress at such a high temperature results in the reemergence of vortex structure. Cryogenic cooling to 94 K raises the stability of vortices, which would be destabilized by loading of out-of-plane mechanical stress. The results can be reproduced and well interpreted by phase-field simulations. These findings not only reveal the competing role of the temperature and mechanical stress at atomic scale but also demonstrate a feasible way to operate the vortex-based nanodevices working in harsh environments.

关键词： Electric polarization Ferroelectricity Electron diffraction Electron microscopy Liquid nitrogen cooling Phase-field modeling Scanning probe microscopy

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推进远程感知:从传统的非接触传感到自适应嵌入式人工智能系统的范式转变（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2025年第9期 1375-1379页

作者：杜岩王中林魏迪 Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and SystemsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Photonic Devices and Sensors University of Cambridge

In today’s fast-evolving technological landscape, the growing deployment of smart systems demands more efficient and adaptive information acquisition capabilities. Traditional contact-based sensors [1,2] are proving increasingly inadequate, facing limitations such mechanical abrasion, reduced stability, and constrained adaptability to dynamic environments, particularly evident in applications like smart homes and medical monitoring. The advent of non-contact sensing presents a transformative solution, offering safer, more durable, and versatile alternatives across diverse sectors. Leading this transition, tele-perception emerges as a cutting-edge paradigm, extending beyond conventional non-contact methods through the use of advanced electret materials that enable stable, long-range perception. Tele-perception technologies facilitate stimulus detection without physical contact, establishing a foundational component of adaptive embodied artificial intelligence systems across diverse fields including robotics, autonomous driving, and human–machine interaction (HMI).

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