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Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)

作者： Nur Badariah Ahmad Mustafa Shabagran Gandi Zainul Abidin Md. Sharrif Syed Khaleel Ahmed Signal Processing and Control Systems (SPaCS) Research Group Center of Communication Service Convergence Technologies Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Malaysia (UNITEN) Malaysia

Fuzzy Logic theory has been applied in various fields and technologies. One of the Fuzzy Logic application is to grade the agriculture produce based on its size. Currently, the grading is done based on observations and through experience. For further improvement, a high speed grading system using a Fuzzy Inference System is designed to grade the agriculture produce. In this research, a banana fruit was chosen to show the viability of this system. The Fuzzy Inference System grades a banana based on the extracted features that are obtained using Image processing techniques of several images of each fruit. Since, this grading process requires a high speed processor, a typical computer platform is not a perfect choice. Therefore in this paper, we design and implement a grading system that uses a high speed digital signal processor. Hence, DSP TMS320C6713 was chosen for the implementation process. This paper discusses the implementation process of a fuzzy logic program on DSP TMS320C6713 platform.

关键词： Digital signal processing Fuzzy logic MATLAB Real time systems Software tools Agriculture

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A new method for characterization of coronary plaque composition via IVUS images

A new method for characterization of coronary plaque composi...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Arash Taki Alireza Roodaki Olivier Pauly S. K. Setarehdan Gozde Unal Nassir Navab Department of Computer Aided Medical Procedures (CAMP) Technical University Munich Munich Germany Department of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems Supelec Gif-sur-Yvette France Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci University Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439317

IVUS-derived virtual histology (VH) permits the assessment of atherosclerotic plaque morphology by using radiofrequency analysis of ultrasound signals. However, it requires the acquisition to be ECG-gated, which is a major limitation of VH. Indeed, its computation can only be performed once per cardiac cycle, which significantly decreases the longitudinal resolution of VH. To overcome this limitation, the introduction of an image-based plaque characterization is of great importance. Current IVUS image processing techniques do not allow adequate identification of the coronary artery plaques. This can be improved by defining appropriate features for the different kinds of plaques. In this paper, a novel feature extraction method based on Run-length algorithm is presented and used for improving the automated characterization of the plaques within the IVUS images. The proposed feature extraction method is applied to 200 IVUS images obtained from five patients. As a result an accuracy rate of 77% was achieved. Comparing this to the accuracy rates of 75% and 71% obtained using co-occurrence and local binary pattern methods respectively indicates the superior performance of the proposed feature extraction method.

关键词： Feature extraction Gray-scale Biomedical engineering Radio frequency Image resolution signal processing signal analysis Ultrasonic imaging signal resolution Arteries

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On the a Priori identitiability of the two-compartment distributed parameter model from residual tracer data acquired by dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2008年第1期55卷 340-344页

作者： [Anonymous] Center for Signal Processing Center for Modeling and Control of Complex Systems School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Tracer kinetics models are commonly employed to estimate physiological parameters related to blood transport and capillary-tissue exchange. A priori identifiability addresses the question of whether the parameters in a model can be uniquely determined from a given experiment. It has been previously shown that the one- and two-compartment distributed parameter (DP) models are nonidentiflable from tracer outflow data obtained by arterial-venous sampling. In this correspondence, we show that both DP models are a priori identifiable from residual tracer data obtained by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging. We list the various parameters of the DP models that can be uniquely estimated from DCE imaging data, and discuss this seemingly different outcome for DCE imaging experiments, as compared with the arterial-venous sampling experiments.

关键词： dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging identiflability parameter estimation tracer kinetics modeling

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LANDING AN UNMANNED AIR VEHICLE: VISION BASED MOTION ESTIMATION AND NONLINEAR control

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Asian Journal of control 2008年第3期1卷

作者： Omid Shakernia Yi Ma T. John Koo Shankar Sastry Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA94720-1774 U.S.A. Tak-Kuen John Koo received the B.Eng. degree in 1992 in Electronic Engineering and the M.Phil. in 1994 in Information Engineering both from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. From 1994 to 1995 he was a graduate student in Signal and Image Processing Institute at the University of Southern California. He is currently a Ph.D. Candidate in Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at the University of California at Berkeley. His research interests include nonlinear control theory hybrid systems inertial navigation systems with applications to unmanned aerial vehicles. He received the Distinguished M.Phil. Thesis Award of the Faculty of Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1994. He was a consultant of SRI International in 1998. Currently he is the team leader of the Berkeley AeRobot Team and a delegate of The Graduate Assembly University of California at Berkeley. He is a student member of IEEE and SIAM. S. Shankar Sastry received his Ph.D. degree in 1981 from the University of California Berkeley. He was on the faculty of MIT from 1980-82 and Harvard University as a Gordon McKay professor in 1994. He is currently a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Bioengineering and Director of the Electronics Research Laboratory at Berkeley. He has held visiting appointments at the Australian National University Canberra the University of Rome Scuola Normale and University of Pisa the CNRS laboratory LAAS in Toulouse (poste rouge) and as a Vinton Hayes Visiting fellow at the Center for Intelligent Control Systems at MIT. His areas of research are nonlinear and adaptive control robotic telesurgery control of hybrid systems and biological motor control. He is a coauthor (with M. Bodson) of “Adaptive Control: Stability Convergence and Robustness Prentice Hall 1989.” and (with R. Murray and Z. Li) of “A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulati

In this paper, we use computer vision as a feedback sensor in a control loop for landing an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) on a landing pad. The vision problem we address here is then a special case of the classic ego-motion estimation problem since all feature points lie on a planar surface (the landing pad). We study together the discrete and differential versions of the ego-motion estimation, in order to obtain both position and velocity of the UAV relative to the landing pad. After briefly reviewing existing algorithm for the discrete case, we present, in a unified geometric framework, a new estimation scheme for solving the differential case. We further show how the obtained algorithms enable the vision sensor to be placed in the feedback loop as a state observer for landing control. These algorithms are linear, numerically robust, and computationally inexpensive hence suitable for real-time implementation. We present a thorough performance evaluation of the motion estimation algorithms under varying levels of image measurement noise, altitudes of the camera above the landing pad, and different camera motions relative to the landing pad. A landing controller is then designed for a full dynamic model of the UAV. Using geometric nonlinear control theory, the dynamics of the UAV are decoupled into an inner system and outer system. The proposed control scheme is then based on the differential flatness of the outer system. For the overall closed-loop system, conditions are provided under which exponential stability can be guaranteed. In the closed-loop system, the controller is tightly coupled with the vision based state estimation and the only auxiliary sensor are accelerometers for measuring acceleration of the UAV. Finally, we show through simulation results that the designed vision-in-the-loop controller generates stable landing maneuvers even for large levels of image measurement noise. Experiments on a real UAV will be presented in future work.

关键词： Motion estimation computer vision based control unmanned air vehicle differential flatness

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A reduced order Galerkin model for the reacting flameholder

A reduced order Galerkin model for the reacting flameholder

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3rd AIAA Flow control Conference

作者： Li, Fu Tadmor, Gilead Noack, Bernd R. Banaszuk, Andrzej Mehta, Prashant G. Communication and Digital Signal Processing Center Northeastern University 440 Dana Research Building Boston MA 02115 United States Institute of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Acoustics Sfb 557 Berlin University of Technology Strasse des 17. Juni 10623 Berlin Germany United Technologies Research Center MS 129-15 411 Silver Lane East Hartford CT 06108 United States Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States CDSP UTRC Control and Embedded Systems Group

ISBN: (纸本)1563478137

A low dimensional Galerkin model is developed for the near wake behind a flameholder. The model represents the interactions between the von Kaármaán vortex shedding instability and a dynamic mean field correction. The instability is captured by the two leading proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes of the nonreacting attractor. A shift mode represents dynamic mean field corrections in the cold flow, and an expansion mode represents the added dilatation effects, in the reacting now. The model is used to demonstrate the attenuating effect of heat release on the instability: Under combustion, the POD Fourier coefficients, representing vortex shedding, are suppressed and the shift mode coefficient becomes increasingly negative, representing movement towards the steady solution.

关键词： Galerkin methods

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controlling the false positive detection rate in fuzzy clustering of fMRI data

Controlling the false positive detection rate in fuzzy clust...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： H. Jahanian H. Soltanian-Zadeh G.A. Hossein-Zadeh Signal and Image Processing Group School of Intelligent Systems Institute of Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics Tehran Iran Elec. Eng. Department Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence University of Tehran Tehran Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

Despite its potential advantages for fMRI analysis, fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering suffers from limitations such as the need for a priori knowledge of the number of clusters, and unknown statistical significance and instability of the results. We propose a randomization-based method to control the false positive rate and estimate statistical significance of the FCM results. Using this novel approach, we develop an fMRI activation detection method. The ability of the method in controlling the false positive rate is shown by analysis of false positives in activation maps of resting-state fMRI data. controlling the false positive rate in FCM allows comparison of different fuzzy clustering methods, using different feature spaces, to other fMRI detection methods. In this paper, using simulation and real fMRI data, we compare a novel feature space that takes the variability of the hemodynamic response function into account (HRF-based feature space) to the conventional cross-correlation analysis and FCM using the cross-correlation feature space.

关键词： Fuzzy control Clustering methods Hemodynamics Clustering algorithms Brain signal processing Image processing Intelligent systems Process control control systems

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Logarithmic arithmetic for real data types and support for Matlab/Simulink based rapid-FPGA-prototyping

Logarithmic arithmetic for real data types and support for M...

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International Parallel and Distributed processing Symposium, IPDPS 2003

作者： Pohl, Zdenek Schier, Jan Licko, Miroslav Hermanek, Antonin Tichy, Milan Matousek, Rudolf Kadlec, Jiri Institute of Information Theory and Automation Department of Signal Processing Pod vodarenskou vezi 4 Prague 8 Czech Republic Department of Control Systems FEE CTU Center for Applied Cybernetics Karlovo nam. 13 Prague 2 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)0769519261

The paper is focused on the rapid prototyping for FPGA using the high-level environment of MATLAB/Simulink. An approach using the Xilinx system generator (XSG) is reviewed on an example of the high-speed logarithmic arithmetic (HSLA) unit. An alternative approach using the combination of the real time workshop (RTW) with the Handle-C compiler for automatized generation of the HDL code is presented. Finally, the possibilities to extend this solution in order to support the run-time reconfigurations are outlined. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Simulink

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Analysis of pilot-in-the-loop oscillations due to position and rate saturations

Analysis of pilot-in-the-loop oscillations due to position a...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： F. Amato R. Iervolino M. Pandit S. Scala L. Verde Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica Universiti de gli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy Control and signal processing Group University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany Flight Systems Department Italian Aerospace Research Center Capua Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0780366387

In this paper we deal with the analysis of category II (nonlinear) pilot-in-the-loop oscillations (PIO). PIO phenomena are originated by a misadaptation between the pilot and the aircraft that causes sustained or uncontrollable oscillations, which especially occur during some tasks where tight closed loop control of the aircraft is required from the pilot. Category II PIO are those oscillations that can strictly be correlated with the activation of rate and position limiter elements in the closed loop pilot-vehicle system. This kind of nonlinearity is unavoidably present in every aircraft, because of physical constraints of elements such as stick/column deflections, actuator position and rate limiters, limiters in the controller software and so on. In this paper we propose an approach, based on the describing function technique, to evaluate the nonlinear effects of the simultaneous presence of position and rate saturations in the control loop. The X-15 landing flare PIO is used as test case to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Aerospace control Actuators Military aircraft Limit-cycles Servomechanisms signal processing signal analysis Testing Modems Humans

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A reverse converter for the 4-moduli superset {2/sup n/-1, 2/sup n/, 2/sup n/+1, 2/sup n+1/+1}

A reverse converter for the 4-moduli superset {2/sup n/-1, 2...

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Computer Arithmetic (ARITH)

作者： M. Bhardwaj T. Srikanthan C.T. Clarke Signal Processing and Control ICs Microelectronics Design Center Siemens Microelectronics Inc. Singapore Center for High Performance Embedded Systems (CHiPES) Nanyang Technological University Singapore Submetrics Limited Bath UK

The authors propose an extension to the popular {2/sup n/-1, 2/sup n/, 2/sup n/+1} moduli set by adding a fourth modulus "2/sup n+1/+1. This extension leads to higher parallelism while keeping the forward conversion and modular arithmetic units simple. The main challenge of efficient reverse conversion is met by three techniques described for the first time. Firstly, we reverse convert linear combinations of moduli hence reducing the number of non-zero bits in the Booth encoded multiplicands from n to merely 2. Secondly, it is shown that division by 3, if introduced at the right stage, can be implemented very efficiently and can, in turn, reduce the cost of the converter. To implement VLSI efficient modulo reduction, we propose two techniques-multiple split tables (MST) and a modified division algorithm (MDA). It is shown that the MST can reduce exponential ROM requirements to quadratic ROM requirements while the MDA can reduce these further to linear requirements. As a result of these innovations, the proposed reverse converter uses simple shift and add operations and needs a lookup with only 6 entries. The delay of the converter is approximately 10n+13 full adder delays and the area cost is quadratic in n.

关键词： Delay estimation Decision support systems Digital arithmetic Digital signal processors Guidelines Very large scale integration Costs Terminology

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VLSI costs of arithmetic parallelism: a residue reverse conversion perspective

VLSI costs of arithmetic parallelism: a residue reverse conv...

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Computer Arithmetic (ARITH)

作者： M. Bhardwaj T. Srikanthan C.T. Clark Signal Processing and Control ICs Microelectronics Design Center Siemens Microelectronics (Asia Pacific) Private Limited Singapore Singapore Center for High Performance Embedded Systems (CHiPES) Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

This paper reports how VLSI cost metrics (area, delay, power) of residue reverse converters scale with the cardinality and dynamic range of moduli sets. The study uses CMAC reverse converters, reported previously by the authors to be the most efficient known to date in terms of area and delay. In all, 134 reverse converters with dynamic ranges from 32 to 120 bits and set cardinalities ranging from 4 to 20 are actually constructed and analyzed. It is seen that area, delay and power costs are cardinality insensitive once the cardinality exceeds a threshold (usually between five to eight). For cardinalities beyond this threshold, conversion costs are essentially dynamic range dependent. This insensitivity is explained in detail by noting the counterbalancing effects of the various sub-units of a CMAC reverse converter. Since practical implementations of RNS usually employ cardinalities beyond the abovementioned thresholds, the significance of this study is its conclusion that increasing the set cardinality in most implementations will have a marginal, if any, effect on VLSI reverse conversion costs.

关键词： Very large scale integration Costs Arithmetic Microelectronics Digital signal processing signal processing Process control signal design Asia Embedded system

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