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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Kaining Liu, Junyu Liu, Liu Jiang, Liang Hsieh, Min-Hsiu Tao, Dacheng School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering University of Sydney Australia Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Computer Science The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Kadanoff Center for Theoretical Physics The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Computer Science The University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Hon Hai Quantum Computing Research Center Taipei Taiwan

Quantum machine learning, which involves running machine learning algorithms on quantum devices, may be one of the most significant flagship applications for these devices. Unlike its classical counterparts, the role of data in quantum machine learning has not been fully understood. In this work, we quantify the performances of quantum machine learning in the landscape of quantum data. Provided that the encoding of quantum data is sufficiently random, the performance, we find that the training efficiency and generalization capabilities in quantum machine learning will be exponentially suppressed with the increase in the number of qubits, which we call "the curse of random quantum data". Our findings apply to both the quantum kernel method and the large-width limit of quantum neural networks. Conversely, we highlight that through meticulous design of quantum datasets, it is possible to avoid these curses, thereby achieving efficient convergence and robust generalization. Our conclusions are corroborated by extensive numerical simulations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Instructing the Architecture Search for Spatial-temporal Sequence Forecasting with LLM

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xue, Xin Zhou, Haoyi Chen, Tianyu Zhang, Shuai Long, Yizhou Li, Jianxin Department of Computer Science Beihang University Beijing100191 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beijing100191 China Department of Software Beihang University Beijing100191 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100190 China

Spatial-temporal sequence forecasting (STSF) is a long-standing research problem with widespread real-world applications. Neural architecture search (NAS), which automates the neural network design, has been shown effective in tackling the STSF problem. However, the existing NAS methods for STSF focus on generating architectures in a time-consuming data-driven fashion, which heavily limits their ability to use background knowledge and explore the complicated search trajectory. Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in decision-making with comprehensive internal world knowledge, but how it could benefit NAS for STSF remains unexplored. In this paper, we propose a novel NAS method for STSF based on LLM. Instead of directly generate architectures with LLM, We inspire the LLM’s capability with a multi-level enhancement mechanism. Specifically, on the step-level, we decompose the generation task into decision steps with powerful prompt engineering and inspire LLM to serve as instructor for architecture search based on its internal knowledge. On the instance-level, we utilize a one-step tuning framework to quickly evaluate the architecture instance and a memory bank to cumulate knowledge to improve LLM’s search ability. On the task-level, we propose a two-stage architecture search, balancing the exploration stage and optimization stage, to reduce the possibility of being trapped in local optima. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve competitive effectiveness with superior efficiency against existing NAS methods for STSF. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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Temporal Feature Aggregation for Efficient 2D Video Grounding

Temporal Feature Aggregation for Efficient 2D Video Groundin...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Mohan Chen Yiren Zhang Jueqi Wei Yuejie Zhang Rui Feng Tao Zhang Shang Gao School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Visual Computing Fudan University School of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology Shanghai University of Finance and Economics School of Information Technology Deakin University

ISBN: (数字)9798350390155

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390162

Video grounding aims to locate the target video moment in an untrimmed video based on a text query. Most existing methods employ 3D CNNs as the video feature extractor, incurring substantial computational costs. Only a few methods use 2D backbones for video feature extraction, and they suffer from diminished accuracy due to the inherent lack of temporal information within 2D features. To address this problem, we propose a novel 2D video grounding method called TFA that improves accuracy while minimizing computational costs. Our approach involves a query-guided temporal feature aggregation module designed to explicitly capture temporal information. We disentangle time intervals of input video frames and prediction spans to reduce computational overhead. Additionally, we introduce deformable attention into the multi-modal encoder for further enhancement. Extensive experiments on two public datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms previous 2D video grounding methods and achieves competitive results with most 3D methods at significantly reduced costs.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Accuracy Costs Grounding Streaming media Feature extraction Computational efficiency

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Multi-Target Rydberg Gates via Spatial Blockade Engineering

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Stein, Samuel Liu, Chenxu Kan, Shuwen Crane, Eleanor Ding, Yufei Mao, Ying Schuckert, Alexander Li, Ang Future Computing Research Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States Department of Computer and Information Science Fordham University United States Department of Physics King’s College London Strand LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of California San Diego United States Joint Quantum Institute Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland and NIST United States

Multi-target gates offer the potential to reduce gate depth in syndrome extraction for quantum error correction. Although neutral-atom quantum computers have demonstrated native multi-qubit gates, existing approaches that avoid additional control or multiple atomic species have been limited to single-target gates. We propose single-control-multi-target C(Z⊗N) gates on a single-species neutral-atom platform that require no extra control and have gate durations comparable to standard CZ gates. Our approach leverages tailored interatomic distances to create an asymmetric blockade between the control and target atoms. Using a GPU-accelerated pulse synthesis protocol, we design smooth control pulses for CZZ and CZZZ gates, achieving fidelities of up to 99.55% and 99.24%, respectively, even in the presence of simulated atom placement errors and Rydberg-state decay. This work presents a practical path to implementing multi-target gates in neutral-atom systems, significantly reducing the resource overhead for syndrome extraction. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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JARVIS-Leaderboard:a large scale benchmark of materials design methods

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 2280-2296页

作者： Kamal Choudhary Daniel Wines Kangming Li Kevin F.Garrity Vishu Gupta Aldo H.Romero Jaron T.Krogel Kayahan Saritas Addis Fuhr Panchapakesan Ganesh Paul R.C.Kent Keqiang Yan Yuchao Lin Shuiwang Ji Ben Blaiszik Patrick Reiser Pascal Friederich Ankit Agrawal Pratyush Tiwary Eric Beyerle Peter Minch Trevor David Rhone Ichiro Takeuchi Robert B.Wexler Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi Elif Ertekin Avanish Mishra Nithin Mathew Mitchell Wood Andrew Dale Rohskopf Jason Hattrick-Simpers Shih-Han Wang Luke E.K.Achenie Hongliang Xin Maureen Williams Adam J.Biacchi Francesca Tavazza Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD20899USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto27 King’s College CirTorontoONCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506USA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Computational Sciences and Engineering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Globus University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National LabLemontIL 60439USA Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKaiserstraße 1276131 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Theoretical Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKaiserstraße 1276131 KarlsruheGermany Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY12180USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Department of Chemistry and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO63130USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Theore

Lack of rigorous reproducibility and validation are significant hurdles for scientific development across many *** science,in particular,encompasses a variety of experimental and theoretical approaches that require careful *** efforts have been developed previously to mitigate these ***,a comprehensive comparison and benchmarking on an integrated platform with multiple data modalities with perfect and defect materials data is still *** work introduces JARVIS-Leaderboard,an open-source and community-driven platform that facilitates benchmarking and enhances *** platform allows users to set up benchmarks with customtasks and enables contributions in the form of dataset,code,and meta-data *** cover the following materials design categories:Artificial Intelligence(AI),Electronic Structure(ES).

关键词： rigorous perfect enable

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYZER FOR TIGRIGNA VERBS USING HYBRID APPROACH

Research Square

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Research Square 2023年

作者： Gebremeskel, Hagos Gebremedhin Chong, Feng Heyan, Huang Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing Cloud Computing Applications Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China Department of Computer Science Mekelle University Tigray Mekelle231 Ethiopia

Morphological analyzer is the base for various high-level NLP applications such as information retrieval, spell checking, grammar checking, machine translation, speech recognition, POS tagging and automatic sentence construction. This paper is carefully designed for design and analysis of morphological analyzer Tigrigna verbs using hybrid of memory learning and rules based approaches. The experiment have conducted using Python 3 where TiMBL algorithms IB2 and TRIBL2, and Finite State Transducer rules are used. The performance of the system has been evaluated using 10 fold cross validation technique. Testing was conducted using optimized parameter settings for regular verbs and linguistic rules of the Tigrigna language allomorph and phonology for the irregular verbs. The accuracy of the memory based approach with optimized parameters of TiMBL algorithm IB2 and TRIBL2 was 93.24% and 92.31%, respectively. Finally, the hybrid approach had an actual performance of 95.6% using linguistic rules for handling irregular and copula verbs. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning

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Learning to Parallelize in a Shared-Memory Environment with Transformers

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Harel, Re'em Pinter, Yuval Oren, Gal Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Department of Physics Nuclear Research Center - Negev Israel Scientific Computing Center Nuclear Research Center - Negev Israel Department of Computer Science Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Israel

In past years, the world has switched to many-core and multi-core shared memory architectures. As a result, there is a growing need to utilize these architectures by introducing shared memory parallelization schemes to software applications. OpenMP is the most comprehensive API that implements such schemes, characterized by a readable interface. Nevertheless, introducing OpenMP into code, especially legacy code, is challenging due to pervasive pitfalls in management of parallel shared memory. To facilitate the performance of this task, many source-to-source (S2S) compilers have been created over the years, tasked with inserting OpenMP directives into code automatically. In addition to having limited robustness to their input format, these compilers still do not achieve satisfactory coverage and precision in locating parallelizable code and generating appropriate directives. In this work, we propose leveraging recent advances in machine learning techniques, specifically in natural language processing (NLP), to suggest the need for an OpenMP directive. The model also suggests directives complementary to S2S automatic parallelization compilers or provides immediate on-the-fly advice to the developer without compiling or executing the code. We create a database, Open-OMP, specifically for this goal. Open-OMP contains over 17,000 unique code snippets from different domains, half of which contain OpenMP directives while the other half do not need parallelization with high probability. We use the corpus to train systems to automatically classify code segments in need of parallelization, as well as suggest individual OpenMP clauses. We train several transformer models, named PragFormer, for these tasks and show that they outperform statistically-trained baselines and automatic S2S parallelization compilers in both classifying the overall need for an OpenMP directive and the introduction of private and reduction clauses. In the future, our corpus can be used for additional t

关键词： Learning algorithms

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A Novel Smartphone Recommendation System Using Ensemble Machine Learning

A Novel Smartphone Recommendation System Using Ensemble Mach...

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2023 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on computer science and Data Engineering, CSDE 2023

作者： Almadhor, Ahmad Abbas, Sidra Sampedro, Gabriel Avelino Abisado, Mideth Gadekallu, Thippa Reddy College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Sakaka72388 Saudi Arabia Comsats University Islamabad Department of Computer Science Islamabad Pakistan University of the Philippines Open University Faculty of Information and Communication Studies Los Baños4031 Philippines De la Salle University Center for Computational Imaging and Visual Innovations 2401 Taft Ave. Manila1004 Philippines College of Computing and Information Technologies National University Manila Philippines Zhongda Group Jiaxing City Zhejiang Province Haiyan County314312 China Lebanese American University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Byblos Lebanon School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu India College of Information Science and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing314001 China Lovely Professional University Division of Research and Development Phagwara India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341072

Due to the proliferation of internet evaluations brought on by the rising demand for smartphones, consumers find it challenging to make accurate selections when purchasing. In this paper, we offer ensemble voting methods based on TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) features for clas-sifying mobile phone ratings. We use a recently assembled dataset comprising over 13,000 smartphone reviews from the Flipkart website. The suggested approach includes feature extraction using the TF-IDF, data cleaning, balancing, and voting-based model prediction. To identify the recently created Flipkart dataset, the suggested method created an ensemble voting mechanism based on machine learning techniques. According to the experimental findings, the suggested method performs more accurately and efficiently than conventional machine learning techniques. At 98.0 %, the model achieved the greatest accuracy. The suggested method can be expanded to additional e-commerce platforms with sizable datasets of online evaluations and assist customers in making updated purchase preferences. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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无人飞行器在不确定扰动下的动态目标跟踪

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 74-85页

作者： Yanjie Chen Yangning Wu Limin Lan Hang Zhong Zhiqiang Miao Hui Zhang Yaonan Wang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth SY233DBUK School of Robotics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

This study proposes an image-based visual servoing(IBVS)method based on a velocity observer for an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)for tracking a dynamic target in Global Positioning System(GPS)-denied *** proposed method derives the simplified and decoupled image dynamics of underactuated UAVs using a constructed virtual camera and then considers the uncertainties caused by the unpredictable rotations and velocities of the dynamic target.A novel image depth model that extends the IBVS method to track a rotating target with arbitrary orientations is *** depth model ensures image feature accuracy and image trajectory smoothness in rotating target *** relative velocities of the UAV and the dynamic target are estimated using the proposed velocity *** to the velocity observer,translational velocity measurements are not required,and the control chatter caused by noise-containing measurements is *** integral-based filter is proposed to compensate for unpredictable environmental disturbances in order to improve the antidisturbance *** stability of the velocity observer and IBVS controller is analyzed using the Lyapunov *** simulations and multistage experiments are conducted to illustrate the tracking stability,anti-disturbance ability,and tracking robustness of the proposed method with a dynamic rotating target.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle visual servoing Velocity observer Target tracking

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Multi-agent Collaboration for Vehicular Task Offloading Using Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年

作者： Chen, Xing Xiao, Bohuai Lin, Xinyu Chen, Zheyi Min, Geyong Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350116 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Fuzhou350002 China Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou350116 China University of Exeter Department of Computer Science ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

Mobile Edge computing (MEC) distributes resources such as computing, storage, and bandwidth to the side close to users, which can provide low-latency services to in-vehicle users, thus promising a more efficient and safer driving environment. However, due to the dynamic scale of vehicle and the variability of resource requirements, it is a significant challenge to quickly obtain effective task offloading in large-scale vehicle scenarios. The existing studies generally adopt the centralized decision-making method, with long decision-making time and high computational overhead, which cannot effectively achieve good offloading decisions in large-scale scenarios. To address these problems, we propose a Multi-agent Collaborative Method for vehicular task offloading using Federated Deep Reinforcement Learning called MCM-FDRL. First, each vehicle as an agent, independently makes offloading decisions based on local information. Next, the offloading decision model of each vehicle is obtained through federated reinforcement learning training. At runtime, an effective vehicle offloading plan can be gradually developed through multi-agent collaboration. Using two real-world datasets, experiments show that the MCM-FDRL has good adaptability and scalability. Moreover, compared to the state-of-the-art methods, the task's average response time of the MCM-FDRL is reduced by 9.75%-64.90%, respectively. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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