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A computation model with automatic functions and relations as primitive operations

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Gao, Ziyuan Jain, Sanjay Li, Zeyong Sabili, Ammar Fathin Stephan, Frank Department Of Mathematics National University Of Singapore 10 Lower Kent Ridge Road S17 Singapore119076 Singapore Department Of Computer Science National University Of Singapore 13 Computing Drive COM1 Singapore117417 Singapore Center For Quantum Technologies National University Of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 S15 Singapore117543 Singapore

Prior work of Hartmanis and Simon [16] and Floyd and Knuth [11] investigated what happens if a device uses primitive steps more natural than single updates of a Turing tape. One finding was that in the numerical setting, addition, subtraction, comparisons and bit-wise Boolean operations of numbers preserve polynomial time while incorporating concatenation or multiplication allows to solve all PSPACE problems in polynomially many steps. Therefore we propose to use updates and comparisons with automatic functions as primitive operations and use constantly many registers;the resulting model covers all primitive operations of Hartmanis and Simon as well as Floyd and Knuth, but the model remains in polynomial time. The present work investigates in particular the deterministic complexity of various natural problems and also gives an overview on the nondeterministic complexity of this *** Codes 03D15 © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Polynomial approximation

Surfactant concentration modulates the motion and placement of microparticles in an inhomogeneous electric field

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Masukawa, Marcos Hayakawa, Masayuki Takinoue, Masahiro Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku YokohamaKanagawa226-8502 Japan Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science School of Computing Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku YokohamaKanagawa226-8502 Japan RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research KobeHyogo650-0047 Japan

This study examined the effects of surfactants on the motion and positioning of microparticles in an inhomogeneous electric field. The microparticles were suspended in oil with a surfactant and the electric field was generated using sawtooth-patterned electrodes. The microparticles were trapped, oscillated, or attached to the electrodes. The proportion of microparticles in each state was defined by the concentration of surfactant and the voltage applied to the electrodes. Based on the trajectory of the microparticles in the electric field, a newly developed physical model in which the surfactant was adsorbed on the microparticles allowed the microparticles to be charged by contact with the electrodes, with either positive or negative charges, while the non-adsorbed surfactant micellizing in the oil contributed to charge relaxation. A simulation based on this model showed that the charging and charge relaxation, as modulated by the surfactant concentration, can explain the trajectories and proportion of the trapped, oscillating, and attached microparticles. These results will be useful for the development of novel self-assembly and transport technologies and colloids sensitive to electricity. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface active agents

CCGRID 2023: A Holistic Approach to Inclusion and Belonging

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CCGRID 2023: A Holistic Approach to Inclusion and Belonging

IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster computing and the Grid (CCGRID)

作者： Beth Plale Preeti Malakar Meenakshi D'Souza Hemangee K. Kapoor Yogesh Simmhan Ilkay Altintas Manohar Swaminathan School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington IN USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kalyanpur Kanpur India International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore Bengaluru Karnataka India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam India Department of Computational and Data Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San Diego MC USA Microsoft Research Lab - India Bengaluru Karnataka India

“CCGRID will act with responsibility as its primary consideration; with equity, diversity, and inclusion as its central goals.” from the CCGRID 2023 web site [1]

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From Single to Multi-Functional RIS: Architecture, Key Technologies, Challenges, and Applications

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ni, Wanli Zheng, Ailing Wang, Wen Niyato, Dusit Al-Dhahir, Naofal Debbah, Mérouane The Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University China The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas Dallas United States The KU 6G Research Center Khalifa University of Science and Technology United Arab Emirates

Although reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have demonstrated the potential to boost network capacity and expand coverage by adjusting their electromagnetic properties, existing RIS architectures have certain limitations, such as double-fading attenuation and restricted half-space coverage. In this article, we delve into the progressive development from single to multi-functional RIS (MF-RIS) that enables simultaneous signal amplification, reflection, and refraction. We begin by detailing the hardware design and signal model that distinguish MF-RIS from traditional RISs. Subsequently, we introduce the key technologies underpinning MF-RIS-aided communications, along with the fundamental issues and challenges inherent to its deployment. We then outline the promising applications of MF-RIS in the realm of communication, sensing, and computation systems, highlighting its transformative impact on these domains. Lastly, we present simulation results to demonstrate the superiority of MF-RIS in enhancing network performance in terms of spectral efficiency. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Geometry

Software in the natural world: A computational approach to hierarchical emergence

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rosas, Fernando E. Geiger, Bernhard C. Luppi, Andrea I. Seth, Anil K. Polani, Daniel Gastpar, Michael Mediano, Pedro A.M. Department of Informatics University of Sussex United Kingdom Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science and Sussex AI University of Sussex United Kingdom Center for Psychedelic Research and Centre for Complexity Science Department of Brain Science Imperial College London United Kingdom Center for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing University of Oxford United Kingdom Know-Center GmbH Graz Austria Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Canada Department of Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom School of Computer and Communication Sciences EPFL Lausanne Switzerland Department of Computing Imperial College London United Kingdom Division of Psychology and Language Sciences University College London United Kingdom

Understanding the functional architecture of complex systems is crucial to illuminate their inner workings and enable effective methods for their prediction and control. Recent advances have introduced tools to characterise emergent macroscopic levels;however, while these approaches are successful in identifying when emergence takes place, they are limited in the extent they can determine how it does. Here we address this important limitation by developing a computational approach to emergence, which characterises macroscopic processes in terms of their computational capabilities. Concretely, we articulate a view on emergence based on how software works, which is rooted on a mathematical formalisation of how macroscopic processes can express self-contained informational, interventional, and computational properties. This framework reveals a hierarchy of nested self-contained processes that determines what computations take place at what level, which in turn delineates the functional architecture of a complex system. This approach is illustrated on paradigmatic models from the statistical physics and computational neuroscience literature, which are shown to exhibit macroscopic processes that are akin to software in human-engineered systems. Overall, this framework enables a deeper understanding of the multi-level structure of complex systems, revealing specific ways in which they can be efficiently simulated, predicted, and controlled. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Statistical Physics

A Novel New Idea of Data Hiding Using GEMD Technique

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A Novel New Idea of Data Hiding Using GEMD Technique

International Conference on Applied System Innovation

作者： Yi-Chun Weng Wen-Chung Kuo Chun-Cheng Wang Yu-Chih Huang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science & Technology Douliou Yunlin Taiwan R.O.C. National Center for High-performance Computing National Applied Research Laboratories Tainan Taiwan R.O.C Department of Information Management Tainan University of Technology Yongkang District Tainan City Taiwan R.O.C.

Data hiding is a technique about embedding secret message into multimedia, and transports information without causing any distrustful situation. In 2013, Kuo and Wang proposed GEMD (General Exploiting Modification direction). It can effectively achieve the balance of payload and image quality. However, the study of transmission security is slightly inadequate. In order to improve this shortcoming, we will propose a modified method which is used 1bit of pixel group to keep the channel safely or not in this paper. In other words, if it is an unsafe channel, the sender uses the encrypted key to encrypt secret message, in order to avoid other stealing or tampering message. The simulation results are effective about transmission security, moreover, payload and PSNR are 1bpp and 50 dB, respectively.

关键词： Data hiding EMD GEMD

Overcoming Oversmoothness in Graph Convolutional Networks via Hybrid Scattering Networks

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wenkel, Frederik Min, Yimeng Hirn, Matthew Perlmutter, Michael Wolf, Guy Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Montreal MontrealQCH3T1J4 Canada The Department of Computer Science Cornell University New YorkNY14850 United States Department of Computational Mathematics Science & Engineering The Department of Mathematics The Center for Quantum Computing Science & Engineering Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States The Midwest Quantum Collaboratory United States Department of Mathematics University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

Geometric deep learning has made great strides towards generalizing the design of structure-aware neural networks from traditional domains to non-Euclidean ones, giving rise to graph neural networks (GNN) that can be applied to graph-structured data arising in, e.g., social networks, biochemistry, and material science. Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) in particular, inspired by their Euclidean counterparts, have been successful in processing graph data by extracting structure-aware features. However, current GNN models are often constrained by various phenomena that limit their expressive power and ability to generalize to more complex graph datasets. Most models essentially rely on low-pass filtering of graph signals via local averaging operations, leading to oversmoothing. Moreover, to avoid severe oversmoothing, most popular GCN-style networks tend to be shallow, with narrow receptive fields, leading to underreaching. Here, we propose a hybrid GNN framework that combines traditional GCN filters with band-pass filters defined via geometric scattering. We further introduce an attention framework that allows the model to locally attend over combined information from different filters at the node level. Our theoretical results establish the complementary benefits of the scattering filters to leverage structural information from the graph, while our experiments show the benefits of our method on various learning *** Codes 68T07 Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

Optimizing the sum of linear fractional functions and applications 00

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Optimizing the sum of linear fractional functions and applic...

Proceedings of the eleventh annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms

作者： Danny Z. Chen Ovidiu Daescu Yang Dai Naoki Katoh Xiadong Wu Jinhui Xu Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN and Center for Applied Mathematics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152 Japan and Grant-in-Aid of Ministry of Science Culture and Education of Japan Department of Architecture and Architectural Systems Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Yoshida-Honmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN and Graduate School University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana

Jamming Modulation: An Active Anti-Jamming Scheme

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ma, Jianhui Li, Qiang Liu, Zilong Du, Linsong Chen, Hongyang Ansari, Nirwan Chengdu611731 China The School of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering University of Essex ColchesterCO4 3SQ United Kingdom The School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China The Research Center for Graph Computing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ07102 United States

Providing quality communications under adversarial electronic attacks, e.g., broadband jamming attacks, is a challenging task. Unlike state-of-the-art approaches which treat jamming signals as destructive interference, this paper presents a novel active anti-jamming (AAJ) scheme for a jammed channel to enhance the communication quality between a transmitter node (TN) and receiver node (RN), where the TN actively exploits the jamming signal as a carrier to send messages. Specifically, the TN is equipped with a programmable-gain amplifier, which is capable of re-modulating the jamming signals for jamming modulation. Considering four typical jamming types, we derive both the bit error rates (BER) and the corresponding optimal detection thresholds of the AAJ scheme. The asymptotic performances of the AAJ scheme are discussed under the high jamming-to-noise ratio (JNR) and sampling rate cases. Our analysis shows that there exists a BER floor for sufficiently large JNR. Simulation results indicate that the proposed AAJ scheme allows the TN to communicate with the RN reliably even under extremely strong and/or broadband jamming. Additionally, we investigate the channel capacity of the proposed AAJ scheme, and show that the channel capacity of the AAJ scheme outperforms that of the direct transmission when the JNR is relatively high. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Jamming