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27th International Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in computing Systems, CHI 2009

作者： McDaniel, Troy Krishna, Sreekar Colbry, Dirk Panchanathan, Sethuraman Department of Computer Science and Engineering Center for Cognitive Ubiquitous Computing School of Computing and Informatics Tempe AZ 85281 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605582474

This paper presents a scheme for using tactile rhythms to convey interpersonal distance to individuals who are blind or visually impaired, with the goal of providing access to non-verbal cues during social interactions. A preliminary experiment revealed that subjects could identify the proposed tactile rhythms and found them intuitive for the given application. Future work aims to improve recognition results and increase the number of interpersonal distances conveyed by incorporating temporal change information into the proposed methodology.

关键词： Ergonomics

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A highly effective system for printed Thai character recognition by word prediction method

A highly effective system for printed Thai character recogni...

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6th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications, ICITA 2009

作者： Tangwongsan, Supachai Suvacharakulton, Buntida Department of Computer Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Mahidol University Computing Center Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789810830298

This paper proposes a novel approach: word prediction and verification technique for enhancing the recognition performance for printed Thai characters. Instead of attempting to recognize individual characters, the system, named as OCR-WP, is a technique employed to identify whole words by using contextual analysis in order to predict those probable words and verify the right one by template matching. A series of experimental results shows that the OCR-WP could yield a better performance in terms of speed improvement, while still maintaining the quality of error-free accuracy. © ICITA 2009.

关键词： Character recognition

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Accelerating regularized iterative ct reconstruction on commodity graphics hardware (GPU)

Accelerating regularized iterative ct reconstruction on comm...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Wei Xu Klaus Mueller Center of Visual Computing Computer Science Department Stony Brook University USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439317

Iterative reconstruction algorithms augmented with regularization can produce high-quality reconstructions from few views and even in the presence of significant noise. In this paper we focus on the particularities associated with the GPU acceleration of these. First, we introduce the idea of using exhaustive benchmark tests to determine the optimal settings of various parameters in iterative algorithm, here OS-SIRT, which proofs decisive for obtaining optimal GPU performance. Then we introduce bilateral filtering as a viable and cost-effective means for regularization, and we show that GPU-acceleration reduces its overhead to very moderate levels.

关键词： Acceleration Hardware Computed tomography Image reconstruction Reconstruction algorithms Iterative algorithms Filters computer graphics computer science Benchmark testing

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ParticipArt: Exploring participation in interactive art installations

ParticipArt: Exploring participation in interactive art inst...

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IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality - Arts, Media and Humanities, ISMAR-AMH

作者： Giulio Jacucci Mira Wagner Ina Wagner Elisa Giaccardi Mauro Annunziato Nell Breyer Jonas Hansen Kazuhiro Jo Stijn Ossevoort Alessandro Perini Natacha Roussel Susanne Schuricht Department of Computer Science Helsinki Institute of Information Technology HIIT University of Helsinki Finland Institute of Design and Assessment of Technology University of Technology Vienna Austria Departamento de Informática Instituto de Cultura y Tecnología Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Spain Center of Advanced Visual Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA Arts Cologne Academy of Media Germany Art Media Center Tokyo University of the Arts Japan Lucerne University of Applied Art and Sciences Switzerland

ParticipART is an initiative aimed at exploring participation in interactive works using ubiquitous computing and mixed reality. It supports and analyses work of artists and creative practitioners incorporating or reflecting on participatory processes to support new roles and forms of engagement for art participants. We aim at proposing a space for discussion that can enliven and enrich the dialogue between human-computer interaction and the creative practices. We present several works that have been exhibited and experienced. The works are used to reflect on the different participative strategies and the role of interaction technologies: enabling authorship, affording connectivity, interacting with artificial beings, reinterpreting the visitor world, and engaging in performative acts.

关键词： Art Media Legged locomotion Context Human computer interaction Rhythm TV

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On the Structure of Parametric Sweeps in Large-Scale, Grid-Enabled Ash Deposition Simulations for the Irazu Volcano in the PRAGMA Grid

On the Structure of Parametric Sweeps in Large-Scale, Grid-E...

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Japan-China Joint Workshop on Frontier of computer science and Technology (FCST)

作者： Santiago Nunez Gustavo Barrantes Eduardo Malavassi José Brenes Jose Castro faculty member at the Department of Computer Science Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR) Alajuela Costa Rica faculty member at the School of Geographical Sciences Autonomous National University (UNA) Heredia Costa Rica founding member of the National Seismologic and Vulcanologic Observatory (OVSICORI-UNA) retired faculty member of the Department of Physics University of Costa Rica (UCR) San Jose Costa Rica Director of the Computing Research Center Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR) Cartago Costa Rica

NG-TEPHRA, a project hosted by the PRAGMA community attempts to simulate in high detail ash deposition from volcanic activity. This topic has an ever increasing relevance, moreover in the light of recent geological events in Iceland. The simulation, specific to the Irazu volcano in Costa Rica, requires careful modeling and parameter selection for validation of hypotheses due to low-confidence input data, thus with high uncertainty. This paper explores the resulting structure of the parameter sweep that is being implemented in the NIMROD portal having previously mentioned considerations in mind and analyzing its effect on the quality of the result. Further considerations regarding results handling within largely distributed, homogeneous simulations are discussed and the current solution strategy is described.

关键词： Biological system modeling Ash Volcanoes Computational modeling Lattices Hazards Agriculture

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Passive decoy-state quantum key distribution with practical light sources

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Physical Review A 2010年第2期81卷 022310-022310页

作者： Marcos Curty Xiongfeng Ma Bing Qi Tobias Moroder ETSI Telecomunicación Department of Signal Theory and Communications University of Vigo Campus Universitario E-36310 Vigo (Pontevedra) Spain Institute for Quantum Computing & Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo N2L 3G1 Waterloo Ontario Canada Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto M5S 3G4 Toronto Ontario Canada Quantum Information Theory Group Institute of Theoretical Physics I University of Erlangen-Nürnberg D-91058 Erlangen Germany Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light D-91058 Erlangen Germany

Decoy states have been proven to be a very useful method for significantly enhancing the performance of quantum key distribution systems with practical light sources. Although active modulation of the intensity of the laser pulses is an effective way of preparing decoy states in principle, in practice passive preparation might be desirable in some scenarios. Typical passive schemes involve parametric down-conversion. More recently, it has been shown that phase-randomized weak coherent pulses (WCP) can also be used for the same purpose [M. Curty et al., Opt. Lett. 34, 3238 (2009).] This proposal requires only linear optics together with a simple threshold photon detector, which shows the practical feasibility of the method. Most importantly, the resulting secret key rate is comparable to the one delivered by an active decoy-state setup with an infinite number of decoy settings. In this article we extend these results, now showing specifically the analysis for other practical scenarios with different light sources and photodetectors. In particular, we consider sources emitting thermal states, phase-randomized WCP, and strong coherent light in combination with several types of photodetectors, like, for instance, threshold photon detectors, photon number resolving detectors, and classical photodetectors. Our analysis includes as well the effect that detection inefficiencies and noise in the form of dark counts shown by current threshold detectors might have on the final secret key rate. Moreover, we provide estimations on the effects that statistical fluctuations due to a finite data size can have in practical implementations.

关键词： Photodetectors

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Optimal sampling lattices for high-fidelity CT reconstruction

Optimal sampling lattices for high-fidelity CT reconstructio...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Klaus Mueller Fang Xu Center for Visual Computing Computer Science Department Stony Brook University NY USA

We show that the familiar Cartesian lattice, while convenient for signal processing and representation, is suboptimal when it comes to signal fidelity. We explore various applications of optimal sampling lattices, such as the Hexagonal and Body centered Cartesian (BCC) lattices for 3D Computed Tomographic (CT) Reconstruction, both in terms of the (2D) detector and the (3D) reconstructed object. We find that BCC lattices compare favorably with CC lattices for both CT data acquisition and reconstruction. For example they increase the recovery and detectability of small features, such as small tumors in the brain.

关键词： Sampling methods Lattices Computed tomography Signal sampling Signal processing Object detection Detectors Data acquisition computer vision Neoplasms

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Diversity analysis of bit-interleaved coded multiple beamforming

Diversity analysis of bit-interleaved coded multiple beamfor...

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2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2009

作者： Hong, Ju Park Ayanoglu, Ender Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424434350

In this paper, diversity analysis of bit-interleaved coded multiple beamforming (BICMB) is extended to the case of general spatial interleavers, removing a condition on their previously known design criteria and quantifying the resulting diversity order. The diversity order is determined by a parameter Qmax which is inherited from the convolutional code and the spatial de-multiplexer used in BICMB. We introduce a method to find this parameter by employing a transfer function approach as in finding the weight spectrum of a convolutional code. By using this method, several Qmax values are shown and verified to be identical with the results from a computer search. The diversity analysis and the method to find the parameter are supported by simulation results. By using the Singleton bound, we also show that Q max is lower bounded by the product of the number of streams and the code rate of an encoder. The design rule of the spatial de-multiplexer for a given convolutional code is proposed to meet the condition on the maximum achievable diversity order. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional codes

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Incentive framework using shapley value for BitTorrent-like systems

Incentive framework using shapley value for BitTorrent-like ...

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7th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing, ICICS 2009

作者： Chen, Xiaowei Chu, Xiaowen Chang, Xiaolei Computer Science Department Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Hong Kong Computing Center Tsinghua University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424446575

BitTorrent is the dominating protocol in nearly all regions. Various reputation models and incentive mechanisms are proposed in recent years. However, many of them are designed for general peer-to-peer networks, only a few are designed for BitTorrent even though some models and mechanisms assert that they can be applied to BitTorrent-like systems. In this paper, we propose an incentive framework based on reputation history instead of tit-for-tat in BitTorrent. It is derived from the coalition games concept of Shapley value that will encourage selfish peers who seek to maximize their own profits to converge to Nash equilibrium. We show that this profit sharing framework exhibits several fairness properties that support the argument that this distribution of profit is desirable. Moreover, we improve SepRep reputation model and tailor it to the needs of BitTorrent protocol. In particular, we utilize the tracker of BitTorrent to process global reputation and trust values assisting the local values maintained by each peer. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Peer to peer networks

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Robust recognition of documents by fusing results of word clusters

Robust recognition of documents by fusing results of word cl...

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ICDAR2009 - 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition

作者： Rasagna, Venkat Kumar, Anand Jawahar, C.V. Manmatha, R. Center for Visual Information Technology IIIT Hyderabad 500032 India Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537252

The word error rate of any optical character recognition system (OCR) is usually substantially below its component or character error rate. This is especially true of Indic languages in which a word consists of many components. Current OCRs recognize each character or word separately and do not take advantage of document level constraints. We propose a document level OCR which incorporates information from the entire document to reduce word error rates. Word images are first clustered using a locality sensitive hashing technique. Individual words are then recognized using a (regular) OCR. The OCR outputs of word images in a cluster are then corrected probabilistically by comparing with the OCR outputs of other members of the same cluster. The approach may be applied to improve the accuracy of any OCR run on documents in any language. In particular, we demonstrate it for Telugu, where the use of language models for post-processing is not promising. We show a relative improvement of 28% for long words and 12% for all words which appear at least twice in the corpus. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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