Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) occur as undesirable waste products in carbon-based fuel productions. Bothgases are major greenhouse gases with CH4 being much more potent than CO2. For this reason, excess CH4 f...
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Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) occur as undesirable waste products in carbon-based fuel productions. Bothgases are major greenhouse gases with CH4 being much more potent than CO2. For this reason, excess CH4 from varioussources is often flared into CO2 rather than releasing the CH4 into the atmosphere, however, some CH4 is still emitteddue to the inefficiency of flare combustion. We have explored how natural microbial communities can be manipulatedinto consuming both CH4 and CO2 from a gas stream and converting the gases into microbial biomass. Natural seawaterwas enriched with inorganic nutrients and injected with a continuous gas stream containing CH4 (4.7% v/v) and CO2(1% v/v) over a period of several days, either in the dark or in the light. Microbial communities established thatcontained methanotrophic bacteria consuming CH4, and cyanobacteria and microalgae consuming CO2. The measureof chemotaxonomic markers revealed that the growth of phototrophs increased greatly only in the light with an earlydominance by cyanobacteria later overtaken by microalgae, and that the growth of methanotrophs increased greatlyonly in the dark. The microbial communities were characterized using near-full-length 16S/18S rrna gene ampliconsequencing with the Nanopore technology. In the incubated cultures, the microbial diversity was drastically lower ascompared to the natural communities. The most abundant microalgae were green algae belonging to Picochlorum,Tetraselmis, Chlamydomonas, and Nannochloris, and the most abundant cyanobacteria were related to Geitlerinemasp. PCC 7105, Symphothece sp. PCC 7002 and Cyanobium sp. PCC 6307 (based on the SILVA reference database).Methylomicrobium and Methylobacter were the most abundant methanotrophs in the dark-incubated cultures, whereasMethylomonas methanica was identified as the single methanotroph with notable abundance under light ***, for optimal CH4 and CO2 consumption it may be necessary to physically separate
Crisis management effectiveness relies mainly on the quality of the distributed human organization deployed for saving lives, limiting damage and reducing risks. Organizations set up in this context are not always pre...
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Osteoarthritis(OA) is the most prevalent joint disorder occurring with articular cartilage degradation. It includes a switch from an articular to a growth plate chondrocyte phenotype. Here, we investigated the histone...
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Osteoarthritis(OA) is the most prevalent joint disorder occurring with articular cartilage degradation. It includes a switch from an articular to a growth plate chondrocyte phenotype. Here, we investigated the histone modification profiles and found significant H3K27me3 loss in OA, which led to disease-associated gene expression. Surprisingly, these genes were occupied by both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in normal chondrocytes, showing a poised bivalent state. Furthermore, we observed the derepression of similar bivalent genes in growth plate chondrocytes. Finally, a KDM6B inhibitor GSK-J4 prevented the H3K27me3 loss and cartilage damage in the rat OA model. Our results reveal an inherited bivalent epigenetic signature on developmental genes that makes articular chondrocytes prone to hypertrophy and contributes to a promising epigenetic therapy for OA.
Leishmania parasites alternate between hosts, facing environmental changes that demand rapid gene expression adaptation. Lacking canonical rna polymerase II promoters, transcription in these eukaryotes is polycistroni...
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Leishmania parasites alternate between hosts, facing environmental changes that demand rapid gene expression adaptation. Lacking canonical rna polymerase II promoters, transcription in these eukaryotes is polycistronic, with gene regulation occurring post-transcriptionally. Although non-codingrnas (ncrnas) have been identified in Leishmania transcriptomes, their functions remain unclear. Recognizing rna structure's importance, we performed a genome-wide alignment of L. braziliensis and related species, identifying conserved rna structures, 38 of which overlap with known ncrnas. One such ncrna, lncrna45 , was functionally characterized. Using a knockout cell line, we demonstrated that lncrna45 is crucial for parasite fitness. Reintroducing the wild type lncrna45 restored fitness, while a version with a single nucleotide substitution in the structured region did not. This mutation also altered rna-protein interactions. These findings suggest that lncrna45 's regulatory role and protein interactions rely on its secondary structure. This study highlights the significance of structured lncrnas in Leishmania biology and their potential as therapeutic targets. Further research into these ncrnas could uncover new parasite regulation mechanisms and inspire novel treatment strategies.
Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiomyopathy, persist as a leading global cause of death. Current treatment options have inherent limitations, particularly in terms of cardi...
Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiomyopathy, persist as a leading global cause of death. Current treatment options have inherent limitations, particularly in terms of cardiac regeneration due to the limited regenerative capacity of adult human hearts. The transplantation of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes(PSC-CMs) has emerged as a promising and potential solution to address this challenge. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements and prospects of PSC-CM transplantation(PCT), along with the existing constraints, such as immune rejection and engraftment arrhythmias, and corresponding solutions. Encompassing a comprehensive range from fundamental research findings and preclinical experiments to ongoing clinical trials, we hope to offer insights into PCT from bench to bedside.
Structural alignments of Ribonucleic acid (rna) sequences solved by the Sankoff algorithm are computationally expensive and often require constraints to be used in practice. Modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) con...
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The Chinese white pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)is an economically significant fruit crop *** versions of the *** genome assembly contain numerous gaps and unanchored genetic ***,we generated two high-quality,gap-free gen...
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The Chinese white pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)is an economically significant fruit crop *** versions of the *** genome assembly contain numerous gaps and unanchored genetic ***,we generated two high-quality,gap-free genome assemblies for‘Dangshansu’(DS;503.92 Mb)and‘Lianglizaosu’(ZS;509.01 Mb),each anchored to 17 chromosomes,achieving a benchmarking universal single-copy ortholog completeness score of nearly 99.0%.Our genome-wide association studies explored the associations between genetic variations and stone cell traits,revealing a significant association peak on DS chromosome 3 and identifying a novel non-tandem CCCH-type zinc finger gene,designated *** genetic transformation,we verified the pivotal role of PbdsZF in regulation of both lignin biosynthesis and stone cell formation,as it transcriptionally activates multiple genes involved in these *** binding to the CT-rich motifs CT1(CTTTTTTCT)and CT2(CTCTTTTT),PbdsZF significantly influences the transcription of genes essential for lignin production,underscoring its regulatory importance in plant lignin *** study illuminates the complex biology of fruit development and delineates the gene regulatory networks that influence stone cell and lignocellulose formation,thereby enriching genetic resources and laying the groundwork for the molecular breeding of perennial trees.
Diabetic wound healing has become a serious healthcare *** high-glucose environment leads to persistent bacterial infection and mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in chronic inflammation,abnormal vascular function,an...
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Diabetic wound healing has become a serious healthcare *** high-glucose environment leads to persistent bacterial infection and mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in chronic inflammation,abnormal vascular function,and tissue *** solve these issues,we developed a double-network hydrogel,constructed with pluronic F127 diacrylate(F127DA)and hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA),and enhanced by SS31-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(MPDA NPs).As components,SS31,a mitochondria-targeted peptide,maintains mitochondrial function,reduces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)and thus regulates macrophage polarization,as well as promoting cell proliferation and migration,while MPDA NPs not only scavenge ROS and exert an anti-bacterial effect by photothermal treatment under near-infrared light irradiation,but also control release of SS31 in response to *** F127DA/HAMA-MPDA@SS31(FH-M@S)hydrogel has characteristics of adhesion,superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties which can adapt to irregular wounds at different body sites and provide sustained release of MPDA@SS31(M@S)*** addition,in a diabetic rat full thickness skin defect model,the FH-M@S hydrogel promoted macrophage M2 polarization,collagen deposition,neovascularization and wound ***,the FH-M@S hydrogel exhibits promising therapeutic potential for skin regeneration.
Most genes are part of larger families of evolutionary related genes. The history of gene families typically involves duplications and losses of genes as well as horizontal transfers into other organisms. The reconstr...
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Veins are easy to obtain,have low immunogenicity,and induce a relatively weak inflammatory ***,veins have the potential to be used as conduits for nerve ***,because of the presence of venous valves and the great elast...
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Veins are easy to obtain,have low immunogenicity,and induce a relatively weak inflammatory ***,veins have the potential to be used as conduits for nerve ***,because of the presence of venous valves and the great elasticity of the venous wall,the vein is not conducive to nerve *** this study,a novel tissue engineered nerve graft was constructed by combining normal dissected nerve microtissue with an autologous vein graft for repairing 10-mm peripheral nerve defects in *** with rats given the vein graft alone,rats given the tissue engineered nerve graft had an improved sciatic static index,and a higher amplitude and shorter latency of compound muscle action ***,rats implanted with the microtissue graft had a higher density and thickness of myelinated nerve fibers and reduced gastrocnemius muscle atrophy compared with rats implanted with the vein ***,the tissue engineered nerve graft had a lower ability to repair the defect than autogenous nerve *** summary,although the tissue engineered nerve graft constructed with autologous vein and nerve microtissue is not as effective as autologous nerve transplantation for repairing long-segment sciatic nerve defects,it may nonetheless have therapeutic potential for the clinical repair of long sciatic nerve *** study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital(approval No.2016-x9-07)on September 7,2016.
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