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IEEE International Symposium on Assembly and manufacturing (ISAM)

作者： A.C. Sanderson Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

An assembly is defined by a configuration of parts of known geometries subject to tolerances in the pose, dimensions, and mating relations among part features. Using a tolerance model based on matrix transforms and Gaussian models of geometric variations, the pose and dimensional tolerance models are considered as a priori models of the assembly with nominal and variational components for both position and orientation. The mating relations are regarded as linear relational constraints, also with nominal and variational components. With this formulation, estimation of the configuration of parts may be posed as a maximum likelihood problem and solved by a Kalman filter algorithm. The resulting maximum likelihood configuration of the assembly may be used to evaluate the required deviation from nominal and the assemblability as defined by the maximum likelihood clearance from constraints. In addition, application of the technique to intermediate subassemblies may be used to evaluate assemblability of specific steps and discriminate among alternative assembly sequence plans.

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation Solid modeling Robotic assembly Uncertainty ANSI standards manufacturing automation robotics and automation Computer aided manufacturing Information geometry Systems engineering and theory

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Experimental studies on minimal representation multisensor fusion

Experimental studies on minimal representation multisensor f...

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International Conference on advanced robotics (ICAR)

作者： R. Joshi A.C. Sanderson NYS Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing and Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

We describe laboratory experiments, in which tactile data obtained from the finger-tips of a robot hand, while it is holding an object in front of a calibrated camera, is fused with the vision data from the camera, to determine the object identity, pose, and the touch and vision data correspondences. The touch data is incomplete due to required hand configurations, while nearly half of the vision data are spurious due to the presence of the hand in the image. Using either sensor alone results in ambiguous or incorrect interpretations. A minimal representation size framework is used to formulate the multisensor fusion problem, and can automatically select the object class, correspondence (data subsamples), and pose parameters. The experiments demonstrate that it consistently finds the correct interpretation, and is a practical method for multisensor fusion and model selection.

关键词： Robot vision systems Context modeling robotics and automation Cameras Robot sensing systems Tactile sensors manufacturing automation Computer aided manufacturing Laboratories Data mining

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Robot Intelligence and Flexibility for Smooth Finishing of Car Body

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1997年第14期30卷 303-311页

作者： Byung-Hoon Kang Jin-Dae Kim Jin-Yang Yoo Jong-Oh Park Kwang-Se Lee Hyun-Oh Shin Advanced Robotics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Automation Research Lab. Hyundai Motor Co.

Robotic finishing such as car body grinding is one of critical automation processes because of direct influence of robot system capability on final surface quality. Difference of each car surface even in the same car model is also one another critical problem. Here one suggestion on robotic finishing system with intelligence and flexibility. Laser vision scans the local surface of each car body, from sensing data after signal processing surface and bead are modeled, after that exact robot path is generated. All these processes are integrated in one robot finishing system, which is applied in actual production line. Such intelligence and flexibility of robot system shows adaptability even in production line as well as further interesting research topics. Finally technological extension of such system to more complicated workpiece is explained.

关键词： Robotic finishing Laser vision surface modeling Bead modeling Robot path generation Robot intelligence Robot flexibility

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Extrusion process control. II. Identification and open-loop control

Extrusion process control. II. Identification and open-loop ...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： B. Tibbetts J. Wen New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing and Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

For pt.I see ibid., p.3726-30. Our work has been focused on developing a methodology for process control of bulk deformation-specifically, extrusion. In Part I, we developed a dynamical system model which could be used for real-time applications. In this paper, we use this model development plus output relationships from our previous model development work (1995, 1996) to develop parameter identification and open-loop control methodologies. An example with plant trial data is provided.

关键词： Process control Open loop systems Equations Temperature sensors manufacturing automation robotics and automation Automatic control Computer aided manufacturing manufacturing processes Parameter estimation

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Extrusion process control. I. Dynamical system model development

Extrusion process control. I. Dynamical system model develop...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

Our work has been focused on developing a methodology for process control of bulk deformation-specifically, extrusion. A process model is required for control. The difficulties with currently available models are stated. An appropriate decomposition and associated assumptions are introduced, permitting construction a real-time process model via spectral approximation to solve the axi-symmetric, 2D transient heat conduction equation with heat generation and loss. This solution, simulation results, and model execution times are provided.

关键词： Process control Billets manufacturing automation robotics and automation Shape Power system modeling Computer aided manufacturing manufacturing processes Containers Inorganic materials

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Synthesized passive feedback control of sensor-rich structures

Synthesized passive feedback control of sensor-rich structur...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： P. Akella J.T. Wen Control Laboratory for Mechanical Structures (CLaMS) Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics & Manufacturing Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

The passivity property of dissipative mechanical structures has long been exploited in designing passive controllers that provide robust stability even in the presence of unmodeled dynamics of the system. For an input/output map of a flexible structure to be passive, collocation of the actuators and sensors is required and also the sensors should measure the velocity of the system. The so-called smart structures frequently have more sensors than actuators. Therefore, the passive controller can at best utilize only a subset of the sensors. In this paper we consider the design of a squaring down matrix which would render a system passive subject to some additional performance considerations. The problem of obtaining the synthesized passive output is cast as a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be efficiently solved by the LMI Toolbox in Matlab. We apply this procedure with the assumption that the sensors provide both displacement and velocity information which is generally not true. We show that the passive controllers can be implemented without the use of velocity information. By using synthesized passive outputs in addition to naturally occurring passive outputs, we obtain better system performance. We present experimental results involving a single flexible beam with torque input and hub angular position and strain gage outputs.

关键词： Feedback control Intelligent sensors Control system synthesis Mechanical sensors Sensor systems Linear matrix inequalities Mechanical factors Control systems Robust stability Flexible structures

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Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman optimal design of functional link neural network controller for robot manipulators

Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman optimal design of functional link ne...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Y.H. Kim F.L. Lewis D.M. Dawson Automation and Robotics-Research Institute University of Texas Arlington South Fort Worth TX USA Center for Advanced Manufacturing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The paper is concerned with the application of quadratic optimization for motion control to feedback control of robotic systems using neural networks. Explicit solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation for optimal control of robotic systems are found by solving an algebraic Riccati equation. It is shown how neural networks can cope with nonlinearities through optimization with no preliminary off-line learning phase required. The adaptive learning algorithm is derived from Lyapunov stability analysis, so that both system tracking stability and error convergence can be guaranteed in the closed-loop system. The filtered tracking error or critic gain and the Lyapunov function for the nonlinear analysis are derived from the user input in terms of a specified quadratic performance index. Simulation results on a two-link robot manipulator show the satisfactory performance of the proposed control schemes even in the presence of large modeling uncertainties and external disturbances.

关键词： Robots Riccati equations Neural networks Nonlinear equations Lyapunov method Performance analysis Motion control Feedback control Optimal control Algorithm design and analysis

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Feedback stabilization of nonlinear systems: a path space iteration approach

Feedback stabilization of nonlinear systems: a path space it...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： F. Lizarralde J.T. Wen L. Hsu Department of ElectronicEngineering Engineering School Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Center of Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing Department of Electrical Computer and SystemsEngineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

We consider the feedback stabilization of nonlinear systems. The design methodology is based on a class of iterative methods, which has previously been proposed for the path planning and feedback stabilization of nonholonomic systems. We show that this scheme guarantees the closed loop asymptotic stability for a class of nonlinear systems.

关键词： Feedback Nonlinear systems Optimal control Iterative methods Nonlinear control systems Control systems Current control Linear systems Design methodology Path planning

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Multisensor fusion and model selection using a minimal representation size framework

Multisensor fusion and model selection using a minimal repre...

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Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE/SICE/RSJ International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems

作者： Joshi, Rajive Sanderson, Arthur C. NYS Cent for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing Troy United States

This paper addresses the problem of statistical model selection for model-based multisensor fusion problems. The minimal representation size (MRS) criterion is used as a basis for the selection of a minimal complexity model among a class of stored models, and in addition enables the selection of parameterization, scaling, and data sub-sampling. This use of an information-based criterion results in a `universal yardstick' for model selection which is easily adapted to new combinations of sensors and parameters. Each sensor is characterized by a constraint equation defined in the measurement space of observed sensor data. The search for the best model structure is conducted using a polynomial time hypothesize and test algorithm that uses constraining data feature sets (CDFS) to instantiate environment models. Analytical formulation of the minimal representation size model selection for tactile-visual fusion with an anthropomorphic robot hand is presented.

关键词： Sensor data fusion

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Nonholonomic path-planning with obstacle avoidance: a path-space approach

Nonholonomic path-planning with obstacle avoidance: a path-s...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and automation (ICRA)

作者： D.O. Popa J.T. Wen Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

For the problem of nonholonomic motion planning in the presence of obstacles, a path-iteration algorithm with an "exterior penalty" function has recently been proposed. The convergence of the iterative algorithm requires the avoidance of singular controls. With the inclusion of a penalty function, the set of singular control may increase substantially. In this paper, we propose a specific guideline for choosing the penalty function which does not introduce additional singular controls. In the case of the N-trailer system, this result can be used to guarantee the convergence of the path planning algorithm. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation results are included.

关键词： Path planning Optimal control Control systems manufacturing automation robotics and automation Economic indicators Iterative algorithms Convergence Wheels Motion planning

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