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51st International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, VLDB 2025

作者： Zhang, Shijie Cheng, Ru Liu, Xinpeng Xiao, Jiang Jin, Hai Li, Bo National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Increasingly popular decentralized applications (dApps) with complex application logic incur significant overhead for executing smart contract transactions, which greatly limits public block chain performance. Pre-executing transactions off the critical path can mitigate substantial I/O and computation costs during execution. However, pre-execution does not yield any state transitions, rendering the system state inconsistent with actual execution. This inconsistency can lead to deviations in pre-execution paths when processing smart contracts with multiple state-related branches, thus diminishing pre-execution effectiveness. In this paper, we develop Seer, a novel public block chain execution engine that incorporates fine-grained branch prediction to fully exploit pre-execution effectiveness. Seerpredicts state-related branches using a two-level prediction approach, reducing inconsistent execution paths more efficiently than executing all possible branches. To enable effective reuse of pre execution results, Seer employs checkpoint-based fast-path execution, enhancing transaction execution for both successful and unsuccessful predictions. Evaluations with realistic block chain workloads demonstrate that Seer delivers an average of 27.7× transaction-level speedup and an overall 20.6× speedup in the execution phase over vanilla Ethereum, outperforming existing block chain execution acceleration solutions. © 2025, VLDB Endowment, All rights reserved.

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A QoS-based technique for load balancing in green cloud computing using an artificial bee colony algorithm

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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 2025年第2期37卷 307-342页

作者： Tabagchi Milan, Sara Jafari Navimipour, Nima Lohi Bavil, Hamed Yalcin, Senay Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Taiwan Department of Computer Engineering University of Applied Sciences & Technology Tabriz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Nisantasi University Istanbul Turkey

Nowadays, high energy amount is being wasted by computing servers and personal electronic devices, which produce a high amount of carbon dioxide. Thus, it is required to decrease energy usage and pollution. Many applications are utilised by green computing to save energy. Scheduling of tasks acts as an important process to reach the mentioned goals. It is worth stating that the vital characteristic of task scheduling in green clouds is the load balancing of tasks on virtual machines. Efficient load balancing moves tasks from overloaded to underloaded virtual machines to maintain the Quality of Service (QoS). This issue is an NP-complete problem, so this research suggests a new technique based on the behavioural structure of artificial bee behaviour. This method aims to improve QoS while lowering energy usage in green computing. In addition, the honey bees are considered the removed tasks from overloaded virtual machines and a candidate for migrating selected tasks with the lowest priority. The CloudSim testing findings demonstrate that the technique is successful in QoS, makespan, and energy usage compared to other ways. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Machine learning design of 400 MPa grade biodegradable Zn-Mn based alloys with appropriate corrosion rates

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第12期31卷 2727-2736页

作者： Wangzhang Chen Wei Gou Yageng Li Xiangmin Li Meng Li Jianxin Hou Xiaotong Zhang Zhangzhi Shi Luning Wang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Shunde Innovation SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingShunde 528399China

The commonly used trial-and-error method of biodegradable Zn alloys is costly and *** this study,based on the self-built database of biodegradable Zn alloys,two machine learning models are established by the first time to predict the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and immersion corrosion rate(CR)of biodegradable Zn alloys.A real-time visualization interface has been established to design Zn-Mn based alloys;a representative alloy is *** tensile mechanical properties and immersion corrosion rate tests,its UTS reaches 420 MPa,and the prediction error is only 0.95%.CR is 73μm/a and the prediction error is 5.5%,which elevates 50 MPa grade of UTS and owns appropriate corrosion ***,influences of the selected features on UTS and CR are discussed in *** combined application of UTS and CR model provides a new strategy for synergistically regulating comprehens-ive properties of biodegradable Zn alloys.

关键词： Zn alloys machine learning alloy design performance prediction

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Step-by-Step and Tailored Teaching: Dynamic Knowledge Distillation 18th

Step-by-Step and Tailored Teaching: Dynamic Knowledge Disti...

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18th International Conference on Wireless Artificial Intelligent Computing Systems and Applications, WASA 2024

作者： Zhang, Zhenqiang Geng, Liting Du, Wenqing Li, Feng Wang, Chunxiao Zhao, Zhigang Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University Qingdao China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031714634

Knowledge distillation typically involves transferring knowledge from large-scale teacher models to student models, garnering widespread attention in the fields of model compression and knowledge transfer. However, existing research often encounters several challenges. Firstly, the transmission process usually fixes the teacher model, making it difficult to adjust the learning situation of the student model according to individual needs. Secondly, the difficulty of tasks affects the learning ability of the student model. In training tasks, difficulty levels are often coupled with data, posing a challenge in guiding the student model to gradually master knowledge. To address these issues, this study proposes a dynamic learning temperature-based meta-learning knowledge distillation method, namely Temperature Meta-learning Knowledge Distillation (TMKD). Inspired by meta-learning heuristics, this algorithm enables the teacher model to dynamically adjust knowledge transfer strategies based on student feedback, facilitating tailored teaching. Furthermore, a Dynamic Temperature Regulation Module (DTRM) is constructed to flexibly control the difficulty level of tasks, allowing the student model to progressively learn knowledge. Finally, we design a Selective Insight Attention mechanism to ensure that the student network focuses more on key information during learning and inference, thereby enhancing overall performance. Extensive experiments on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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DeepKet- Quantum Space-Efficient Word Embedding Layer for Steganalysis 3

DeepKet- Quantum Space-Efficient Word Embedding Layer for St...

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3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence For Internet of Things, AIIoT 2024

作者： Roshan Ahmed, N. Shridevi, S. Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Vellore Institute of Technology Center for Advanced Data Science Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372120

Text-based Statistical steganography is one of the most non-human detectable methods of embedding hidden messages in plain text format which is useful in concealing information. Steganalysis is its counter, the process of detecting if a text has any encrypted data in it. This paper applies quantum computing to create DeepKet Embedding, which optimizes the space requirements for word embeddings similar to Word2Vec. DeepKet is benchmarked against existing embedding layers and a significant size reduction is achieved while maintaining accuracy for steganalysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Embeddings

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An Energy-Aware Resource Management Strategy Based on Spark and YARN in Heterogeneous Environments

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

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IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2024年第2期8卷 635-644页

作者： Shabestari, Fatemeh Jafari Navimipour, Nima Islamic Azad University Sofian Branch Department of Computer Engineering Sofian Iran Kadir Has University Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul34083 Turkey National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Future Technology Research Center Douliou64002 Taiwan

Apache Spark is a popular framework for processing big data. Running Spark on Hadoop YARN allows it to schedule Spark workloads alongside other data-processing frameworks on Hadoop. When an application is deployed in a YARN cluster, its resources are given without considering energy efficiency. Furthermore, there is no way to enforce any user-specified deadline constraints. To address these issues, we propose a new deadline-aware resource management system and a scheduling algorithm to minimize the total energy consumption in Spark on YARN for heterogeneous clusters. First, a deadline-aware energy-efficient model for the considered problem is proposed. Then, using a locality-aware method, executors are assigned to applications. This algorithm sorts the nodes based on the performance per watt (PPW) metric, the number of application data blocks on nodes, and the rack locality. It also offers three ways to choose executors from different machines: greedy, random, and Pareto-based. Finally, the proposed heuristic task scheduler schedules tasks on executors to minimize total energy and tardiness. We evaluated the performance of the suggested algorithm regarding energy efficiency and satisfying the Service Level Agreement (SLA). The results showed that the method outperforms the popular algorithms regarding energy consumption and meeting deadlines. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Energy utilization

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MedX-Net: Hierarchical Transformer with Large Kernel Convolutions for 3D Medical Image Segmentation

MedX-Net: Hierarchical Transformer with Large Kernel Convolu...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Lu, Lin Zou, Qingzhi Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Se-curity Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Due to the exceptional performance of Transform-ers in 2D medical image segmentation, recent work has also introduced them into 3D medical segmentation tasks. For instance, Swin UNETR and other hierarchical Transformers have reintroduced prior knowledge from several convolutional networks, further enhancing the volume segmentation capabilities of models. The efficacy of these hybrid methodologies is primarily attributed to the substantial quantity of parameters and the nonlocal self-attention mechanism with a large receptive field. We argue that the behavior of these methods' large receptive fields can be simulated by employing fewer parameters through the utilization of depth-wise convolutions with large kernel. Within this manuscript, we introduce a lightweight volume segmentation model called MedX-Net, which uses convolutional network modules to simulate hierarchical Transformers for robust volume segmentation. Firstly, inspired by the hierarchical Transformer module of Swin UNETR, we investigate large-kernel depth-wise convolutions with different sizes to achieve a reduced model parameter count while maintaining a large global receptive field. Secondly, we replace the multilayer perceptron (MLP) in the hierarchical Transformer module with Inverted Bottleneck with Depthwise Convolution Enhancement(DWCE) to improve model performance with fewer activation and normalization layers, further reducing the parameter count. We validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our model for volume segmentation on three public datasets: Synapse, BTCV and ACDC. On the Synapse dataset, compared to Swin UNETR, our model achieves an improvement from 83.48% to 87.21% in Dice score. Compared to the result of 86.57% achieved by nnFormer, our model achieves superior performance while reducing the model parameter count by 64%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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DISENBOOTH: IDENTITY-PRESERVING DISENTANGLED TUNING FOR SUBJECT-DRIVEN TEXT-TO-IMAGE GENERATION 12

DISENBOOTH: IDENTITY-PRESERVING DISENTANGLED TUNING FOR SUBJ...

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Chen, Hong Zhang, Yipeng Wu, Simin Wang, Xin Duan, Xuguang Zhou, Yuwei Zhu, Wenwu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology China Lanzhou University China

Subject-driven text-to-image generation aims to generate customized images of the given subject based on the text descriptions, which has drawn increasing attention. Existing methods mainly resort to finetuning a pretrained generative model, where the identity-relevant information (e.g., the boy) and the identity-irrelevant information (e.g., the background or the pose of the boy) are entangled in the latent embedding space. However, the highly entangled latent embedding may lead to the failure of subject-driven text-to-image generation as follows: (i) the identity-irrelevant information hidden in the entangled embedding may dominate the generation process, resulting in the generated images heavily dependent on the irrelevant information while ignoring the given text descriptions;(ii) the identity-relevant information carried in the entangled embedding can not be appropriately preserved, resulting in identity change of the subject in the generated images. To tackle the problems, we propose DisenBooth, an identity-preserving disentangled tuning framework for subject-driven text-to-image generation. Specifically, DisenBooth finetunes the pretrained diffusion model in the denoising process. Different from previous works that utilize an entangled embedding to denoise each image, DisenBooth instead utilizes disentangled embeddings to respectively preserve the subject identity and capture the identity-irrelevant information. We further design the novel weak denoising and contrastive embedding auxiliary tuning objectives to achieve the disentanglement. Extensive experiments show that our proposed DisenBooth framework outperforms baseline models for subject-driven text-to-image generation with the identity-preserved embedding. Additionally, by combining the identity-preserved embedding and identity-irrelevant embedding, DisenBooth demonstrates more generation flexibility and controllability. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All ri

关键词： Embeddings

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Managing Health Treatment by Optimizing Complex Lab-Developed Test Configurations: A Health Informatics Perspective

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 6251-6267页

作者： Uzma Afzal Tariq Mahmood Ali Mustafa Qamar Ayaz H.Khan Department of Computer Science Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and TechnologyKarachiPakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Business AdministrationKarachiPakistan Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Dhahran31261Saudi Arabia

A complex Laboratory Developed Test(LDT)is a clinical test developed within a single *** is typically configured from many fea-ture constraints from clinical repositories,which are part of the existing Lab-oratory Information Management System(LIMS).Although these clinical repositories are automated,support for managing patient information with test results of an LDT is also integrated within the existing ***,the support to configure LDTs design needs to be made available even in standard LIMS *** manual configuration of LDTs is a complex process and can generate configuration inconsistencies because many constraints between features can remain *** is a risky process and can lead patients to undergo unnecessary *** proposed an optimized solution(opt-LDT)based on Genetic Algorithms to automate the configuration and resolve the inconsistencies in ***-LDT encodes LDT configuration as an optimization problem and generates a consistent configuration that satisfies the constraints of the *** tested and validated opt-LDT for a local secondary care hospital in a real healthcare *** results,averaged over ten runs,show that opt-LDT resolves 90%of inconsistencies while taking between 6 and 6.5 s for each ***,positive feedback based on a subjective questionnaire from clinicians regarding the performance,acceptability,and efficiency of opt-LDT motivates us to present our results for regulatory approval.

关键词： Artificial intelligence health informatics evolutionary algorithms genetic algorithms feature selection laboratory developed test

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Benchmarking the Performance of Pre-trained LLMs across Urdu NLP Tasks 1

Benchmarking the Performance of Pre-trained LLMs across Urdu...

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1st Workshop on Challenges in Processing South Asian Languages, CHiPSAL 2025, co-located with the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Tahir, Munief Hassan Shams, Sana Fiaz, Layba Adeeba, Farah Hussain, Sarmad Center for Language Engineering Al-Khawarizmi Institute of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798891762015

Large Language Models (LLMs) pre-trained on multilingual data have revolutionized natural language processing research, by transitioning from languages and task specific model pipelines to a single model adapted on a variety of tasks. However majority of existing multilingual NLP benchmarks for LLMs provide evaluation data in only few languages with little linguistic diversity. In addition these benchmarks lack quality assessment against the respective state-of the art models. This study presents an in-depth examination of 7 prominent LLMs: GPT-3.5-turbo, Llama 2-7B-Chat, Llama 3.1-8B, Bloomz 3B, Bloomz 7B1, Ministral-8B and Whisper (Large, medium and small variant) across 17 tasks using 22 datasets, 13.8 hours of speech, in a zero-shot setting, and their performance against state-of-the-art (SOTA) models, has been compared and analyzed. Our experiments show that SOTA models currently outperform encoder-decoder models in majority of Urdu NLP tasks under zero-shot settings. However, comparing Llama 3.1-8B over prior version Llama 2-7B-Chat, we can deduce that with improved language coverage, LLMs can surpass these SOTA models. Our results emphasize that models with fewer parameters but richer language-specific data, like Llama 3.1-8B, often outperform larger models with lower language diversity, such as GPT-3.5, in several tasks. © 2025 International Committee on Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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