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Brain structure & function 2023年第2期228卷 697页

作者： Chenyu He Xiaojun Guan Weimin Zhang Jun Li Chunlei Liu Hongjiang Wei Xiaojun Xu Yuyao Zhang School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 China. Department of Radiology of The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine 88 Jiefang Road Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang China. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 United States. School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200030 China. School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 China. zhangyy8@***. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging ShanghaiTech University 393 Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 China. zhangyy8@***.

NTIRE 2021 challenge on video super-resolution

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Son, Sanghyun Lee, Suyoung Nah, Seungjun Timofte, Radu Lee, Kyoung Mu Chan, Kelvin C.K. Zhou, Shangchen Xu, Xiangyu Loy, Chen Change Jiang, Boyuan Lin, Chuming Dong, Yuchun Luo, Donghao Chu, Wenqing Ji, Xiaozhong Yang, Siqian Tai, Ying Wang, Chengjie Li, Jilin Huang, Feiyue Chen, Chengpeng Chu, Xiaojie Zhang, Jie Lu, Xin Chen, Liangyu Lin, Jing Du, Guodong Hao, Jia Zou, Xueyi Zhang, Qi Jiang, Lielin Li, Xin Zheng, He Liu, Fanglong He, Dongliang Li, Fu Dang, Qingqing Yi, Peng Wang, Zhongyuan Jiang, Kui Jiang, Junjun Ma, Jiayi Chen, Yuxiang Wang, Yutong Liu, Ting Sun, Qichao Liang, Huanwei Li, Yiming Li, Zekun Ruan, Zhubo Shang, Fanjie Guo, Chen Li, Haining Luo, Renjun Shen, Longjie Zafirouli, Kassiani Karageorgos, Konstantinos Konstantoudakis, Konstantinos Dimou, Anastasios Daras, Petros Song, Xiaowei Zhuo, Xu Liu, Hanxi Guo, Mengxi Li, Junlin Li, Yu Zhu, Ye Wang, Qing Zhao, Shijie Sun, Xiaopeng Zhan, Gen Xie, Tangxin Jia, Yu Lu, Yunhua Zhang, Wenhao Sun, Mengdi Michelini, Pablo Navarrete Zhang, Xueheng Jiang, Hao Chen, Zhiyu Chen, Li Xiong, Zhiwei Xiao, Zeyu Xu, Ruikang Cheng, Zhen Fu, Xueyang Song, Fenglong Luo, Zhipeng Yao, Yuehan Dutta, Saikat Shah, Nisarg A. Das, Sourya Dipta Zhao, Peng Shi, Yukai Liu, Hongying Shang, Fanhua Liu, Yuanyuan Chen, Fei Yu, Fangxu Gao, Ruisheng Bai, Yixin Heo, Jeonghwan Yue, Shijie Li, Chenghua Li, Jinjing Zheng, Qian Gang, Ruipeng Song, Ruixia Wee, Seungwoo Jeong, Jechang Li, Chen Wen, Geyingjie Chai, Xinning Song, Li Department of ECE ASRI SNU Korea Republic of Computer Vision Lab ETH Zurich Switzerland S-Lab Nanyang Technological University Singapore YouTu Lab Tencent East China Normal University China Megvii Peking University China Fudan University China Noah's Ark Lab Huawei Canada Technologies Co. Ltd Baidu Inc National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology China Electronic Information School Wuhan University China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China MTlab Meitu Inc Xidian university China ITI CERTH Greece Southeast University China Tencent PCG South China University of Technology China ByteDance Sun Yat-Sen University China Electronic Technology Cyber Security Co. Ltd. AIoT R&D Centre BOE Technology Group Co. Ltd. Shanghai Jiao Tong University China University of Science and Technology of China China Huawei Noah's Ark Lab DeepBlue Technology Shanghai Co. Ltd Indian Institute of Technology Madras India Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur India Jadavpur University India Xidian University China Hanyang University Korea Republic of NCUT China CASIA China CUC China NRTA China

Super-Resolution (SR) is a fundamental computer vision task that aims to obtain a high-resolution clean image from the given low-resolution counterpart. This paper reviews the NTIRE 2021 Challenge on Video Super-Resolution. We present evaluation results from two competition tracks as well as the proposed solutions. Track 1 aims to develop conventional video SR methods focusing on the restoration quality. Track 2 assumes a more challenging environment with lower frame rates, casting spatio-temporal SR problem. In each competition, 247 and 223 participants have registered, respectively. During the final testing phase, 14 teams competed in each track to achieve state-of-the-art performance on video SR tasks. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Optical resolving power

BOTTOM-UP ATTENTION GUIDANCE FOR RECURRENT IMAGE RECOGNITION

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BOTTOM-UP ATTENTION GUIDANCE FOR RECURRENT IMAGE RECOGNITION

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Hamed R. Tavakoli Ali Borji Rao Muhammad Anwer Esa Rahtu Juho Kannala Department of Computer Science Aalto University Center for Research in Computer Vision University of Central Florida Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology

This paper presents a recurrent neural network architecture, guided by the bottom-up attention, for the recognition task. The proposed architecture processes an input image as a sequence of selectively chosen patches. The patches are chosen from the salient regions of the input image. Using human driven saliency maps from gaze, the benefit of such a selection process is first shown. Next, the performance of computational models of bottom-up attention are assessed as alternative to human attention.

关键词： Computational modeling Task analysis computer architecture Image recognition Predictive models Pipelines Feature extraction

Adaptive Denoising Algorithm Based on Nonlocal Means in Image Processing

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Adaptive Denoising Algorithm Based on Nonlocal Means in Imag...

International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon)

作者： T.V. Zhertunova E.S. Yanakova L.G. Gagarina Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications MIET Zelenograd Moscow Russia Department of Computer Vision Research and Development Center “ELVEES” Zelenograd Moscow Russia

The article is devoted to the existing problem associated with the absence of resource-lights denoising algorithms, capable of producing good-quality output images in the different intensity noise conditions without blurring the boundaries, contours, and basic structure. The adaptive algorithm suggested in the article allows solving this problem due to the developed algorithms of splitting the search region into two sets of similar and points different from the pixel and adapting of the kernel type to the image region, depending on the presence or detection of structural and smooth pixels. The results of the suggested algorithm and the standard method of nonlocal means are compared with the metrics of the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity. It is found out that the developed adaptive algorithm surpasses the standard method both on numerical results and on the quality of the image processing.

关键词： Kernel Silicon Noise reduction Standards Noise measurement Microsoft Windows Automation

Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

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The Lancet Global Health 2023年第3期11卷 e385-e413页

作者： Micah, Angela E. Bhangdia, Kayleigh Cogswell, Ian E. Lasher, Dylan Lidral-Porter, Brendan Maddison, Emilie R. Nguyen, Trang Nhu Ngoc Patel, Nishali Pedroza, Paola Solorio, Juan Stutzman, Hayley Tsakalos, Golsum Wang, Yifeng Warriner, Wesley Zhao, Yingxi Zlavog, Bianca S. Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Jaffar Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abedi, Aidin Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abhilash, E.S. Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abubaker Ali, Hiwa Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adem, Mohammed Hussien Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed Rashid, Tarik Aji, Budi Akbarialiabad, Hossein Akelew, Yibeltal Al Hamad, Hanadi Alam, Khurshid Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled Alhassan, Robert Kaba Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Amu, Hubert Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Tudorel Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Appiah, Francis Aqeel, Muhammad Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Aremu, Olatunde Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Avila-Burgos, Leticia Ayanore, Martin Amogre Azari, Samad Baig, Atif Amin Bantie, Abere Tilahun Barrow, Amadou Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Sanjay Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Baune, Bernhard T. Berezvai, Zombor Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Sonu Boachie, Micheal Kofi Bodolica, Virginia Botelho, João Silva Botelho Braithwaite, Dejana Breitborde, Nicholas J.K. Busse, Reinhard Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Catalá-López, Ferrán Chansa, Collins Charan, Jaykaran Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chen, Simiao Chukwu, Isaac Sunday Dadras, Omid Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dargahi, Abdollah Debela, Sisay Abebe Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Desye, Belay Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Diao, Nancy Doan, Linh Phuong Dodangeh, Milad dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque Doshmangir, Leila Dube, John Eini, Ebrahim El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Antai College of Economics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Children’s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran National Institute for Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Cardiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics and Statistics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurosurgery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic R

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided

关键词：

Common Limitations of Image Processing Metrics: A Picture Story

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Sudre, Carole H. Eisenmann, Matthias Rädsch, Tim Baumgartner, Michael Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Bankhead, Peter Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Chen, Jianxu Cheplygina, Veronika Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Engelhardt, Sandy Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hamprecht, Fred Hashimoto, Daniel A. Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Hirsch, Peter Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kavur, A. Emre Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kleppe, Andreas Koehler, Sven Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kooi, Thijs Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moher, David Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Noyan, M. Alican Petersen, Jens Polat, Gorkem Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Rieke, Nicola Riegler, Michael A. Rivaz, Hassan Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Schroeter, Julien Saha, Anindo Selver, M. Alper Sharan, Lalith Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten V.A.N. Stieltjes, Bram Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben V.A.N. Varoquaux, Gaël Wiesenfarth, Manuel Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul Maier-Hein, Lena Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Division of Medical Image Computing Heidelberg Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 - box 2441 Leuven3001 Belgium Frankfurt/Mainz DKFZ UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for St

While the importance of automatic image analysis is continuously increasing, recent meta-research revealed major flaws with respect to algorithm validation. Performance metrics are particularly key for meaningful, objective, and transparent performance assessment and validation of the used automatic algorithms, but relatively little attention has been given to the practical pitfalls when using specific metrics for a given image analysis task. These are typically related to (1) the disregard of inherent metric properties, such as the behaviour in the presence of class imbalance or small target structures, (2) the disregard of inherent data set properties, such as the non-independence of the test cases, and (3) the disregard of the actual biomedical domain interest that the metrics should reflect. This living dynamically document has the purpose to illustrate important limitations of performance metrics commonly applied in the field of image analysis. In this context, it focuses on biomedical image analysis problems that can be phrased as image-level classification, semantic segmentation, instance segmentation, or object detection task. The current version is based on a Delphi process on metrics conducted by an international consortium of image analysis experts from more than 60 institutions worldwide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Medical imaging

Federated Learning Enables Big Data for Rare Cancer Boundary Detection

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pati, Sarthak Baid, Ujjwal Edwards, Brandon Sheller, Micah Wang, Shih-Han Reina, G. Anthony Foley, Patrick Gruzdev, Alexey Karkada, Deepthi Davatzikos, Christos Sako, Chiharu Ghodasara, Satyam Bilello, Michel Mohan, Suyash Vollmuth, Philipp Brugnara, Gianluca Preetha, Chandrakanth J. Sahm, Felix Maier-Hein, Klaus Zenk, Maximilian Bendszus, Martin Wick, Wolfgang Calabrese, Evan Rudie, Jeffrey Villanueva-Meyer, Javier Cha, Soonmee Ingalhalikar, Madhura Jadhav, Manali Pandey, Umang Saini, Jitender Garrett, John Larson, Matthew Jeraj, Robert Currie, Stuart Frood, Russell Fatania, Kavi Huang, Raymond Y. Chang, Ken Balana, Carmen Capellades, Jaume Puig, Josep Trenkler, Johannes Pichler, Josef Necker, Georg Haunschmidt, Andreas Meckel, Stephan Shukla, Gaurav Liem, Spencer Alexander, Gregory S. Lombardo, Joseph Palmer, Joshua D. Flanders, Adam E. Dicker, Adam P. Sair, Haris I. Jones, Craig K. Venkataraman, Archana Jiang, Meirui So, Tiffany Y. Chen, Cheng Heng, Pheng Ann Dou, Qi Kozubek, Michal Lux, Filip Michálek, Jan Matula, Petr Keřkovský, Miloš Kopřivová, Tereza Dostál, Marek Vybíhal, Václav Vogelbaum, Michael A. Mitchell, J. Ross Farinhas, Joaquim Maldjian, Joseph A. Yogananda, Chandan Ganesh Bangalore Pinho, Marco C. Reddy, Divya Holcomb, James Wagner, Benjamin C. Ellingson, Benjamin M. Cloughesy, Timothy F. Raymond, Catalina Oughourlian, Talia Hagiwara, Akifumi Wang, Chencai To, Minh-Son Bhardwaj, Sargam Chong, Chee Agzarian, Marc Falcão, Alexandre Xavier Martins, Samuel B. Teixeira, Bernardo C.A. Sprenger, Flávia Menotti, David Lucio, Diego R. LaMontagne, Pamela Marcus, Daniel Wiestler, Benedikt Kofler, Florian Ezhov, Ivan Metz, Marie Jain, Rajan Lee, Matthew Lui, Yvonne W. McKinley, Richard Slotboom, Johannes Radojewski, Piotr Meier, Raphael Wiest, Roland Derrick, Murcia Fu, Eric Haas, Rourke Thompson, John Ormond, David Ryan Badve, Chaitra Sloan, Andrew E. Vadmal, Vachan Waite, Kristin Colen, Rivka R. Pei, Linmin Ak, Murat Srinivasan, Ashok Bapuraj, J. Rajiv Rao, Arvind Wang, Nicholas Yoshiaki, Ota Moritani, Tos University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Bavaria Munich Germany Intel Corporation Santa ClaraCA United States Department of Quantitative Biomedicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany Department of Neuropathology Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Division of Medical Image Computing German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany Neurology Clinic Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg Germany Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States Symbiosis Center for Medical Image Analysis Symbiosis International University Maharashtra Pune India Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Karnataka Bangalore India Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin MadisonWI United States Department of Medical Physics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin MadisonWI United States Department of Neuroradiology Clinical Neuroscience Center University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust Department of Radiology Leeds United Kingdom Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital CharlestownMA United States Catalan Institute of Oncology Badalona Spain Consorci MAR Parc de Salut de Barcelona Catalonia Spain Josep Trueta University Hospital Girona Spain

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise in numerous domains, there are concerns about generalizability to out-of-sample data. This is currently addressed by centrally sharing ample, and importantly diverse, data from multiple sites. However, such centralization is challenging to scale (or even not feasible) due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative to train accurate and generalizable ML models, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present findings from the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 healthcare institutions across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, utilizing the largest dataset of such patients ever used in the literature (25,256 MRI scans from 6,314 patients). We demonstrate a 33% improvement over a publicly trained model to delineate the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% improvement over the tumor's entire extent. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more studies in healthcare informed by large and diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further quantitative analyses for glioblastoma via performance optimization of our consensus model for eventual public release, and 3) demonstrate the effectiveness of FL at such scale and task complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data sharing. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Tumors

A Clinician-Friendly Platform for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Without Technical Barriers

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Meng Lin, Tian Hou, Qingshan Lin, Aidi Wang, Jingcheng Peng, Qingsheng Nguyen, Truong X. Fang, Danqi Zou, Ke Xu, Ting Xue, Cancan Quek, Ten Cheer Yu, Qinkai Liu, Minxin Zhou, Hui Xiao, Zixuan He, Guiqin Liang, Huiyu Shi, Tingkun Chen, Man Liu, Linna Peng, Yuanyuan Wang, Lianyu Hu, Qiuming Chen, Junhong Zhang, Zhenhua Chen, Cheng Zhao, Yitian Liu, Dianbo Wu, Jianhua Chen, Xinjian Zhang, Changqing Nguyen, Triet Thanh Meng, Yanda Zheng, Yalin Tham, Yih Chung Cheung, Carol Y. Fu, Huazhu Chen, Haoyu Cheng, Ching-Yu Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shantou515041 China Shantou University Medical College Guangdong Shantou515041 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China Big Vision Medical Technology Ltd. Suzhou215011 China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore169856 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Binh Dinh Eye Hospital Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4RN United Kingdom University of Science and Technology Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Department of Ophthalmology Meizhou People’s Hospital Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Meizhou514000 China Department of Ophthalmology Yeungnam University College of Medicine Daegu42417 Korea Republic of Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430000 China School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University Anhui Hefei230032 China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jiangsu Nanjing211100 China Guangxi Jingliang Eye Hospital Guangxi Nanning530021 China Puning People’s Hospital Guangdong Jieyang522000 China Shandong Qingdao266042 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315201 China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Soochow University

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows remarkable potential in medical imaging diagnostics, but current models typically require retraining when deployed across different clinical centers, limiting their widespread adoption. We introduce GlobeReady, a clinician-friendly AI platform that enables ocular disease diagnosis without retraining/fine-tuning or technical expertise. GlobeReady achieves high accuracy across imaging modalities: 93.9–98.5% for an 11-category fundus photo dataset and 87.2–92.7% for a 15-category OCT dataset. Through training-free local feature augmentation, it addresses domain shifts across centers and populations, reaching an average accuracy of 88.9% across five centers in China, 86.3% in Vietnam, and 90.2% in the UK. The built-in confidence-quantifiable diagnostic approach further boosted accuracy to 94.9–99.4% (fundus) and 88.2–96.2% (OCT), while identifying out-of-distribution cases at 86.3% (49 CFP categories) and 90.6% (13 OCT categories). Clinicians from multiple countries rated GlobeReady highly (average 4.6 out of 5) for its usability and clinical relevance. These results demonstrate GlobeReady’s robust, scalable diagnostic capability and potential to support ophthalmic care without technical barriers. © 2025, CC0.

关键词： Ophthalmology

Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (vol 395, pg 1779, 2020)

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LANCET 2020年第10239期395卷 1762-1762页

作者： Reiner, R. C., Jr. Hay, S., I Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States College of Health and Medical Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Nursing and Midwifery Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Pharmacy Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia School of Public Health Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Haramaya University Harar Ethiopia Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Biology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cancer Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Economics and Management Sciences for Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Iran National Institute of Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and

Summary Background Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood *** We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor *** The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy *** By co-analysing geospatial trends in d

关键词：

Band selection for oxygenation estimation with multispectral/hyperspectral imaging

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Ayala, Leonardo Isensee, Fabian Wirkert, Sebastian J. Vemuri, Anant S. Maier-Hein, Klaus H. Fei, Baowei Maier-Hein, Lena Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Germany Department of Bioengineering The University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX United States Advanced Imaging Research Center The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center DallasTX United States Department of Radiology The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center DallasTX United States Applied Computer Vision Lab. Helmholtz Imaging Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany

Multispectral imaging provides valuable information on tissue composition such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation. However, the real-time application of this technique in interventional medicine can be challenging due to the long acquisition times needed for large amounts of hyperspectral data with hundreds of bands. While this challenge can partially be addressed by choosing a discriminative subset of bands, the band selection methods proposed to date are mainly restricted by the availability of often hard to obtain reference measurements. We address this bottleneck with a new approach to band selection that leverages highly accurate Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We hypothesize that a so chosen small subset of bands can reproduce or even improve upon the results of a quasi continuous spectral measurement. We further investigate whether novel domain adaptation techniques can address the inevitable domain shift stemming from the use of simulations. Initial results based on in silico and in vivo experiments suggest that 10-20 bands are sufficient to closely reproduce results from spectral measurements with 101 bands in the 500-700 nm range. The investigated domain adaptation technique, which only requires unlabeled in vivo measurements, yielded better results than the pure in silico band selection method. Overall, our method could guide development of fast multispectral imaging systems suited for interventional use without relying on complex hardware setups or manually labeled data. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning