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AI-Based Automatic System for Assessing Upper-Limb Spasticity of Patients With Stroke Through Voluntary Movement

IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2024年第2期28卷 742-752页

作者： Lee, I-Jung Hu, Yu Hen Hsiao, Pei-Chi Yang, Shu-Yu Lin, Hsin-Te Chen, Yu-Chung Lin, Bor-Shing National Taipei University College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science New Taipei City237303 Taiwan University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MadisonWI53706 United States Chi-Mei Medical Center Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Tainan71004 Taiwan Chi Mei Hospital Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Tainan73657 Taiwan National Taipei University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering New Taipei City237303 Taiwan

Spasticity is a common complication for patients with stroke, but only few studies investigate the relation between spasticity and voluntary movement. This study proposed a novel automatic system for assessing the severity of spasticity (SS) of four upper-limb joints, including the elbow, wrist, thumb, and fingers, through voluntary movements. A wearable system which combined 19 inertial measurement units and a pressure ball was proposed to collect the kinematic and force information when the participants perform four tasks, namely cone stacking (CS), fast flexion and extension (FFE), slow ball squeezing (SBS), and fast ball squeezing (FBS). Several time and frequency domain features were extracted from the collected data, and two feature selection approaches based on recursive feature elimination were adopted to select the most influential features. The selected features were input into five machine learning techniques for assessing the SS for each joint. The results indicated that using CS task to assess the SS of elbow and fingers and using FBS task to assess the SS of thumb and wrist can reach the highest weighted-average F1-score. Furthermore, the study also concluded that FBS is the optimal task for assessing all the four upper-limb joints. The overall result shown that the proposed automatic system can assess four upper-limb joints through voluntary movements accurately, which is a breakthrough of finding the relation between spasticity and voluntary movement. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Novel Recoverable Audio Mosaic Technique Using Segmental and Hierarchical Permutations

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024年第3期11卷 4857-4871页

作者： Tsai, Morris C.-H. Huang, Scott C.-H. Wu, Hsiao-Chun National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Louisiana State University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Baton RougeLA70803 United States Yuan Ze University Innovation Center for AI Applications Chungli32003 Taiwan

Mosaic is a prevalent signal-processing approach to hide or protect critical information from users. The conventional mosaic schemes simply abolish or add artificial noise to the original signal content a sender wants to conceal. Thus, they are not recoverable simply by use of a key which can be represented as a very short sequence compared to the concealed signal content. In this work, we extend our previous effort in recoverable image mosaicing to design a novel audio mosaicing approach using hierarchical permutations. Besides, we establish the mathematical relationship between the popular signal-quality metric, namely, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and our previously proposed signal-destructuring metric, namely, Kullback-Leibler divergence of discrete cosine transform (DCT-KLD), so that the mosaicing or signal-destructuring effect in terms of DCT-KLD and the general signal-quality measure in terms of SNR can be translated into each other. As a result, one can easily judge if the mosaicked signal reaches the concealability which is equivalent to the maximum SNR to eliminate the intelligibility of an utterance. The new relationship between DCT-KLD and SNR we develop can thus be very useful to qualify an audio mosaic method without any need of human listening test. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Broadband single-polarization single-mode low confinement loss hollow core anti-resonant fiber with semi-elliptical nested tube

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第4期57卷 1-12页

作者： Lin, Wen Fei, Yihong Wang, Ning Jia, Hongzhi Engineering Research Center of Optical Instruments and Systems Ministry of Education Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

In this paper, a hollow-core anti-resonant optical fibre containing a semi-elliptical nested tube is proposed, which has the characteristics of single-polarization, large bandwidth, single-mode and low confinement loss. By optimizing the structural design, the polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the fiber reaches 21,0183 at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, and the y-polarized fundamental mode loss is only 0.00086 dB/m. By changing the material and thickness of the semi-ellipsoidal nested tube, a large bandwidth of 280 nm was achieved in the wavelength range of 1.51-1.78 μm, with loss limited to less than 0.001 dB/m within the bandwidth range. The PER and higher-order mode extinction ratio of 4870, 1487, respectively. The loss remains below 0.01 dB/m when the bending radius exceeds 4.5 cm. Therefore, it is expected that this optical fiber can be used in optical devices such as fiber optic sensors, fiber optic lasers and fiber optic gyroscopes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Single mode fibers

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A flexible capacitive photoreceptor for the biomimetic retina

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Light(science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 38-49页

作者： Mani Teja Vijjapu Mohammed E.Fouda Agamyrat Agambayev Chun Hong Kang Chun-Ho Lin Boon S.Ooi Jr-Hau He Ahmed M.Eltawil Khaled N.Salama Sensors lab Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials CenterComputerElectrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Communication and Computing Systems Lab ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California-IrvineIrvineCA 92612USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Neuromorphic vision sensors have been extremely beneficial in developing energy-efficient intelligent systems for robotics and privacy-preserving security *** is a dire need for devices to mimic the retina's photoreceptors that encode the light illumination into a sequence of spikes to develop such ***,we develop a hybrid perovskite-based flexible photoreceptor whose capacitance changes proportionally to the light intensity mimicking the retina's rod cells,paving the way for developing an efficient artificial retina *** proposed device constitutes a hybrid nanocomposite of perovskites(methyl-ammonium lead bromide)and the ferroelectric terpolymer(polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene).A metal-insulator-metal type capacitor with the prepared composite exhibits the unique and photosensitive capacitive behavior at various light intensities in the visible light *** proposed photoreceptor mimics the spectral sensitivity curve of human photopic *** hybrid nanocomposite is stable in ambient air for 129 weeks,with no observable degradation of the composite due to the encapsulation of hybrid perovskites in the hydrophobic *** functionality of the proposed photoreceptor to recognize handwritten digits(MNIST)dataset using an unsupervised trained spiking neural network with 72.05%recognition accuracy is *** demonstration proves the potential of the proposed sensor for neuromorphic vision applications.

关键词： perovskite illumination preserving

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Accurate threat hunting in industrial internet of things edge devices

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1123-1130页

作者： Abbas Yazdinejad Behrouz Zolfaghari Ali Dehghantanha Hadis Karimipour Gautam Srivastava Reza M.Parizi Cyber Science Lab School of Computer ScienceUniversity of GuelphOntarioCanada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonCanada College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityGAUSA Research Center for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon

Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)systems depend on a growing number of edge devices such as sensors,controllers,and robots for data collection,transmission,storage,and *** kind of malicious or abnormal function by each of these devices can jeopardize the security of the entire ***,they can allow malicious software installed on end nodes to penetrate the *** paper presents a parallel ensemble model for threat hunting based on anomalies in the behavior of IIoT edge *** proposed model is flexible enough to use several state-of-the-art classifiers as the basic learner and efficiently classifies multi-class anomalies using the Multi-class AdaBoost and majority *** evaluations using a dataset consisting of multi-source normal records and multi-class anomalies demonstrate that our model outperforms existing approaches in terms of accuracy,F1 score,recall,and precision.

关键词： IIoT Threat hunting Edge devices Multi-class anomalies Ensemble methods

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Lossy Compression of Multi-Channel EEG and PPG Signals Based on Golomb-Rice Coding with Parameter Estimation

Lossy Compression of Multi-Channel EEG and PPG Signals Based...

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2024 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications, ATC 2024

作者： Wanasekara, Senura Hansaja Dung, Han Huy Nguyen, Ngoc Hung Nguyen, Van-Dinh College of Engineering and Computer Science Center for Environmental Intelligence VinUniversity Hanoi Viet Nam School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hanoi University of Science and Technology Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353983

The integration of electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) in consumer-grade wearable devices is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling continuous health monitoring. However, these devices face significant challenges in terms of power consumption, computational complexity, and data storage, necessitating efficient data compression techniques. This paper proposes a modified Golomb-Rice coding method tailored for lossy compression of multi-channel EEG and PPG signals. By leveraging the statistical properties of filtered data and employing an optimized parameter estimation strategy, the proposed method achieves high compression ratios while minimizing computational overhead and preserving critical signal information. The proposed algorithm shifts data to handle negative values, scales and converts it into an appropriate format for encoding, and uses a novel parameter estimation technique to optimize the Golomb-Rice parameter. Extensive simulations on EEG and PPG datasets demonstrate that this parameter estimation method yields significantly better performance, improving both efficiency and processing speed. Results underscore the importance of preprocessing in data compression and provide a robust framework for future advancements in biomedical signal processing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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Advanced Helical Antenna Design for X-Band Applications Using AI

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 153卷 201-211页

作者： Zeain, Mohammed Yousif Abu, Maisarah Toding, Apriana Zakaria, Zahriladha Alsariera, Hussein Ullah, Ihsan Abdulbari, Ali Abdulateef Yon, Hamizan Taha, Bilal Salman Inam Abbasi, Muhammad Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka Durian Tunggal76100 Malaysia Makassar Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Information Technology Center University of Technology Baghdad Iraq Antenna Research Center College of Engineering School of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Department of Electrical and Electronics University Tenaga National Malaysia Malaysia

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a novel 3D-printed helical antenna operating within the 9.4–10.8 GHz frequency band. The antenna, employing a lightweight paper substrate and a strip-based helical structure, exhibits robust circular polarization characteristics and wideband operation. Rigorous simulations predict a peak CP gain of 11.7 dBi at 9.8 GHz and a high simulated radiation efficiency of 95%. Experimental measurements validate these predictions, achieving a peak CP gain of 11.6 dBi at 9.8 GHz. This research demonstrates the potential of 3D-printed helical antennas for diverse applications in modern wireless communication systems, including 5G, satellite communication, and radar. Furthermore, this study leverages the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by employing the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), a sophisticated metaheuristic algorithm, to optimize the antenna’s design. The GWO algorithm is utilized to efficiently search the design space and identify optimal values for key parameters, such as the number of turns, helix pitch, and helix diameter, with the objective of maximizing antenna gain to achieve a target of 15 dBi. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven optimization techniques in advancing the design of high-performance antennas for emerging wireless communication systems. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Helical antennas

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Integrated preparation and manipulation of high‑dimensional flying structured photons

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eLight 2024年第1期4卷 185-192页

作者： Haoqi Zhao Yichi Zhang Zihe Gao Jieun Yim Shuang Wu Natalia MLitchinitser Li Ge Liang Feng Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Physics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Engineering Science and Physics College of Staten IslandCUNYStaten IslandNY 10314USA The Graduate Center CUNYNew YorkNY 10016USA

The hope for a futuristic global quantum internet that provides robust and high-capacity quantum information transfer lies largely on qudits,the fundamental quantum information carriers prepared in high-dimensional superposition ***,preparing and manipulating N-dimensional flying qudits as well as subsequently establishing their entanglement are still challenging tasks,which require precise and simultaneous maneuver of 2(N-1)parameters across multiple degrees of ***,using an integrated approach,we explore the synergy from two degrees of freedom of light,spatial mode and polarization,to generate,encode,and manipulate flying structured photons and their formed qudits in a four-dimensional Hilbert space with high quantum fidelity,intrinsically enabling enhanced noise resilience and higher quantum data *** four eigen spin–orbit modes of our qudits possess identical spatial–temporal characteristics in terms of intensity distribution and group velocity,thereby preserving long-haul coherence within the entirety of the quantum data transmission *** leveraging the bi-photon entanglement,which is well preserved in the integrated manipulation process,we present versatile spin–orbit cluster states in an extensive dimensional Hilbert *** cluster states hold the promise for quantum error correction which can further bolster the channel robustness in long-range quantum communication.

关键词： cluster thereby preparing

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Tensor rank and other multipartite entanglement measures of graph states

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Physical Review A 2024年第3期110卷 032409页

作者： Louis Schatzki Linjian Ma Edgar Solomonik Eric Chitambar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center Department of Computer Science

Graph states play an important role in quantum information theory through their connection to measurement-based computing and error correction. Prior work revealed elegant connections between the graph structure of these states and their multipartite entanglement. We continue this line of investigation by identifying additional entanglement properties for certain types of graph states. From the perspective of tensor theory, we tighten both upper and lower bounds on the tensor rank of odd ring states (|R2n+1〉) to read 2n+1≤rank(|R2n+1〉)≤3×2n−1. Next we show that several multipartite extensions of bipartite entanglement measures are dichotomous for graph states based on the connectivity of the corresponding graph. Finally, we give a simple graph rule for computing the n-tangle τn.

关键词： Entanglement measures

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Enhancing Convolutional Models for Indoor Radio Mapping via Ray Marching

Enhancing Convolutional Models for Indoor Radio Mapping via ...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Wu, Mengfan Skocaj, Marco Boban, Mate Munich Research Center Huawei Technologies Germany School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science TU Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

In this paper, we present an enhanced convolutional model for indoor radio map generation, focusing on the integration of a novel ray-marching feature. We describe our machine learning pipeline developed for the ICASSP 2025 Signal Processing Grand Challenge, specifically the First Indoor Pathloss Radio Map Prediction Challenge. Our method incorporates a ray-marching feature that, combined with a UNet architecture enhanced by dilated convolution layers, significantly improves indoor pathloss prediction accuracy. Our approach achieved a 3rd-place ranking in the challenge with a weighted RMSE of 10.33 on the test dataset. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： feature engineering machine learning radio maps Wireless communications

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