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Enhancing road safety with DL vision: Do driver distraction alerts hold the key?

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Ali, Luqman Swavaf, Muhammad Alnajjar, Fady Zou, Zhao Mohan Ambali Parambil, Medha Mubin, Omar AlJassmi, Hamad Emirates Center for Mobility Research UAE University Abu Dhabi Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering College of Engineering UAE University Abu Dhabi Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of IT UAE University Abu Dhabi Al Ain United Arab Emirates School of Computer Data and Mathematical Sciences Western Sydney University SydneyNSW Australia

Driver distraction is a significant contributor to road accidents and traffic safety challenges. This study evaluates the performance of various YOLO models trained on a combination of custom and publicly available datasets, with their performance assessed using metrics such as mAP@50, precision, recall, F1-score, inference time, FPS, and model parameters. The aim is to determine the best trade-off between accuracy, speed, and computational efficiency, providing insights into the practical applicability of these models for distracted driving detection. Among the models, YOLOv8l achieves the highest accuracy with a mAP@50 of 0.921, precision of 0.911, recall of 0.895, and an F1-score of 0.899, making it suitable for scenarios prioritizing detection precision. YOLOv5m balances accuracy and efficiency, achieving a mAP@50 of 0.917 and an F1-score of 0.896, while maintaining moderate inference times. For real-time applications, YOLOv5n and YOLOv8n offer the fastest speeds, with inference times of 0.9 ms and FPS of 1111, at the cost of reduced accuracy. YOLOv8m provides a balance between performance and speed, achieving a mAP@50 of 0.915 and F1-score of 0.898, with an inference time of 3.4 ms and FPS of 294. A post-simulation survey reveals that participants find the visual warning system effective in mitigating driver distraction and enhancing perceived road safety. By integrating simulation data and user feedback, this study highlights the potential of advanced deep learning models like YOLO in improving driver assistance systems and promoting safer driving practices. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Highway accidents

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Direct Data Modulation via Passive RIS: Concept and Implementation of RIS-Backscatter Communications

Direct Data Modulation via Passive RIS: Concept and Implemen...

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2023 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC Wkshps 2023

作者： Amri, Muhammad Miftahul Tran, Nguyen Minh Aziz, Arif Abdul Park, Je Hyeon Kim, Dong In Choi, Kae Won Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of University Center of Excellence for Intelligent Sensing-IoT Telkom University Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370218

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has recently garnered attention for its ability to intelligently manipulate the wireless environment. However, the absence of radio frequency (RF) chains has traditionally limited the RIS's ability to transmit information. This article presents a practical approach where the RIS is utilized as the primary information generator, enabling direct information transmission without the need for RF chains. Our proposed method uses the adaptive RIS-backscatter scheme to modulate incident unmodulated electromagnetic (EM) waves. Notably, our main contributions lie in the development of the algorithm itself, followed by comprehensive validations through simulations and experiments, establishing the feasibility of our approach. This work presents a step forward in the field of RIS-based symbiotic radio (SR), enhancing the applicability of conventional RIS structures in practical wireless communication scenarios. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： adaptive modulation backscatter direct data modulation passive RIS reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) RIS-based symbiotic radio (SR)

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Using Gamification to Increase Healthcare Professionals’ Cybersecurity Awareness

Using Gamification to Increase Healthcare Professionals’ Cy...

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International Conference on Smart Applications and Sustainability in the Artificial Intelligence of Things, SAS-AIoT 2024

作者： Salama, Ramiz Alturjman, Sinem Altrjman, Chadi Al-Turjman, Fadi Department of Computer Engineering AI and Robotics Institute Research Center for AI and IoT Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Artificial Intelligence Software Information Systems Engineering Departments AI and Robotics Institute Near East University Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9783031782756

Cybersecurity knowledge is essential in today’s increasingly digital healthcare environment to protect sensitive patient data and guarantee the integrity of healthcare systems. But conventional cybersecurity training approaches frequently fail to hold healthcare professionals’ attention, which results in inadequate application and retention of the material. In order to increase cybersecurity awareness among healthcare professionals, this study investigates the use of gamification—a technological technique that incorporates game design aspects into non-gaming contexts—as an innovative method. A mixed-methods research methodology is used in the study to assess the effectiveness of a cybersecurity training program that is gamified. To encourage user involvement and motivation, the program incorporates aspects like leaderboards, interactive scenarios, badges, and points. The study included a total of 100 healthcare professionals from various departments, offering a thorough understanding of the program’s effects across a range of positions and experience levels. Pre- and post-training surveys were used to gather quantitative data on participant changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors pertaining to cybersecurity procedures. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews yielded qualitative insights that further elucidated the participants’ perspectives and experiences with the gamified training method. Comparing gamification to conventional training approaches, the results show that gamification dramatically improves engagement and knowledge retention. The willingness of the participants to acquire and use cybersecurity techniques in their daily lives has reportedly increased. Additionally, the gamified components strengthened the training objectives by fostering a competitive yet cooperative learning environment. The potential of gamification as a game-changing instrument for cybersecurity education in healthcare settings is highlighted by this study. Healthcare busines

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Topology entropy: Enhancing graph partitioning for TAD identification and single-cell clustering

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Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2025年 27卷 1864-1886页

作者： Liang, Qiushi Zhao, Shengjie Chen, Lingxi Li, Shuai Cheng School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Engineering Research Center of Key Software Technologies for Smart City Perception and Planning Ministry of Education China

Entropy quantifies the limits of information compression and provides a theoretical foundation for exploring complex structures in large-scale graphs. However, effective metrics are needed to capture the intricate structural details in biological graphs. In this paper, we introduce the topology entropy encoding tree to quantify the complexity of biological graphs and show that minimizing the associated entropy is equivalent to optimal graph partitioning. We develop two methods, TEC-O and TEC-U, for partitioning ordered and unordered biological graphs. TEC-O is applied to identify Topologically Associated Domains (TADs) in Hi-C contact maps, while TEC-U is used for cell clustering in single-cell sequencing data. Results from simulated datasets demonstrate that topology entropy is robust to noise and effectively captures structural information, outperforming existing methods. Experiments on Hi-C data from five cell lines and ten single-cell sequencing datasets show that TEC-O and TEC-U achieve the highest accuracy in TAD detection and cell clustering, respectively, providing biologically meaningful insights. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Cell culture

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Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities: A Statistical Survey 2

Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities: A Statistical Surv...

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2nd International Conference on Business Analytics for Technology and Security, ICBATS 2023

作者： Iqbal, Muhammad Waseem Khaliq, Khowla Al-Dmour, Nidal A. Aqeel, Muhammad Ali, Nasir Hamid, K. Superior University Department of Software Engineering Lahore54000 Pakistan Superior University Department of Computer Sciecnce Lahore54000 Pakistan Mutah University College of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Jordan NCBA&E School of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan Applied Science Private University Applied Science Research Center Amman11937 Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335644

Internet of things is progressing very rapidly and involving multiple domains of everyday life including environment, governance, healthcare system, transportation system, energy management system, etc. smart city is a platform for collecting and storing the information that is accessed through various sensor-based IoT devices and make their information available in required and authorized domains. This interoperability can be achieved by semantic web technology. In this paper, I have reviewed multiple papers related to IoT in Smart Cities and presented a comparison among the semantic parameters. Moreover, I've presented my future domain of research which is about delivering the COVID-19 patients report to the concerned domains by the healthcare system domain. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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Two-Stream Architecture Using RGB-based ConvNet and Pose-based LSTM for Video Action Recognition 15

Two-Stream Architecture Using RGB-based ConvNet and Pose-bas...

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15th International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology, IIT 2023

作者： Huang, Ching-Jung Gochoo, Munkhjargal Tan, Tan-Hsu National Taipei University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei Taiwan United Arab Emirates University Zayed Center for Health Sciences Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382396

Traditional methods for video recognition require hand-crafted features, which often involves offline pre-processing for real-world videos. In this study, we propose a conceptually simple framework that directly takes raw videos as an input source for activity recognition. Our framework consists of two streams, namely a spatial stream and a temporal stream. The spatial stream is trained on RepVGG-B0 ConvNet using cropped RGB features, while the temporal stream uses an attention-based Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network to learn posture vectors from human pose data obtained through Faster R-CNN pre-Trained model. Our proposed method is evaluated on a standard video action recognition benchmark, MSR Daily Activity3D, and proves to be competitive with state-of-The-Art action recognition methods. We achieve state-of-The-Art performance on MSR Daily Activity3D with a precision and recall rate of 99.01% and 98.91%, respectively. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in recognizing video actions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption: A Novel Solution for Cloud Data Security

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2637-2664页

作者： Reshma Siyal Muhammad Asim Long Jun Mohammed Elaffendi Sundas Iftikhar Rana Alnashwan Samia Allaoua Chelloug School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China EIAS LAB College of Computer and Information Sciencesand Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent ComputingPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State UniversityBozemanMT 59717USA Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

A basic procedure for transforming readable data into encoded forms is encryption, which ensures security when the right decryption keys are used. Hadoop is susceptible to possible cyber-attacks because it lacks built-in security measures, even though it can effectively handle and store enormous datasets using the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The increasing number of data breaches emphasizes how urgently creative encryption techniques are needed in cloud-based big data settings. This paper presents Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption (AABHE), a state-of-the-art technique that combines honey encryption with Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) to provide improved data security. Even if intercepted, AABHE makes sure that sensitive data cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties. With a focus on protecting huge files in HDFS, the suggested approach achieves 98% security robustness and 95% encryption efficiency, outperforming other encryption methods including Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE), Key-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (KB-ABE), and Advanced Encryption Standard combined with Attribute-Based Encryption (AES+ABE). By fixing Hadoop’s security flaws, AABHE fortifies its protections against data breaches and enhances Hadoop’s dependability as a platform for processing and storing massive amounts of data.

关键词： Cybersecurity data security cloud storage hadoop encryption and decryption privacy protection attribute-based honey encryption

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Adaptive Mixture Model Reduction based on the Composite Transportation Dissimilarity 26

Adaptive Mixture Model Reduction based on the Composite Tran...

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26th International Conference on Information Fusion, FUSION 2023

作者： D'Ortenzio, Alessandro Manes, Costanzo De Iuliis, Vittorio Orguner, Umut University of l'Aquila Department of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics Italy University of l'Aquila Center of Excellence EX-EMERGE Italy Middle East Technical University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798890344854

Providing efficient yet accurate statistical models is a challenging problem in many applications. When elementary models are not sufficiently descriptive, mixtures of densities can be used. A complexity management issue arises when mixture models are employed: the number of components should be a trade-off between the complexity and the accuracy of the model. However, in general, it is not obvious how to determine the right number of mixture components for a specific application. In a previous work, theoretical foundations to address such a topic have been laid, grounded on the use of the Composite Transportation Dissimilarity between mixtures, and a preliminary criterion to manage the complexity of a mixture model has been proposed. In this paper, additional theoretical insights are provided that allow to formulate a novel adaptive mixture reduction algorithm. Numerical tests show that in most cases the new algorithm constitutes a significant improvement over the previous one. © 2023 International Society of Information Fusion.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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FixCyprus: Crowdsourcing Smartphone Imagery Data For Managing Road Safety Hazards 24

FixCyprus: Crowdsourcing Smartphone Imagery Data For Managin...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management, MDM 2023

作者： Christou, Georgios Georgiou, Andreas Laoudias, Christos Savva, Aristotelis Panayiotou, Christos G. University of Cyprus Kios Center of Excellence Cyprus Ministry of Transport Communications and Works Public Works Department Cyprus University of Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341010

In this demonstration paper, we present FixCyprus, which is a cost-effective crowdsourcing service for road transportation authorities in Cyprus to gather information and manage defects and incidents on the road network and surrounding infrastructure (e.g., pavements, lighting, drinking water pipes, etc.). The production service, which includes a lightweight and user-friendly mobile application for sharing image-annotated incident reports, is already operating nationwide for six months providing significant budget savings by reducing field inspections and the use of expensive equipment. We will demonstrate FixCyprus using two modes: i) Interactive mode, where attendees will be able to create and submit their own dummy incident reports and see the end-to-end processing flow in a test environment and ii) Trace-driven mode, where attendees will be able to visualize a large number of synthetic reports, see the workload for manually managing them, and explore enhancements that are underway for automating some of the underlying tasks using machine learning. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Crowdsourcing

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A Cost-Efficient Anonymous Authenticated and Key Agreement Scheme for V2I-Based Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2024年第9期25卷 12621-12630页

作者： Saleem, Muhammad Asad Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Alenazi, Mohammed J. F. Das, Ashok Kumar University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen518000 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia International Institute of Information Technology Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500032 India

The rise of smart cities is directly connected to the increasing use of vehicles. The growing vehicle utilization has driven the emergence of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), facilitating instant information exchange among vehicles. The system provides essential information regarding road conditions, traffic patterns, and more relevant data. VANETs encompass two fundamental categories of communication exchanges, namely Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I). V2I technology facilitates the integration of cars and transportation infrastructure, enabling effective communication between vehicles and infrastructure. Nevertheless, the potential of V2I communication has various security concerns arising from prevalent security threats. Current authentication techniques encounter challenges regarding complexity, security, and privacy considerations. We designed a hash-based lightweight and anonymous authentication scheme to address the aforementioned restrictions and enhance the effectiveness of authentication in V2I architecture. This scheme effectively combines identity, password, and bio-metric to enhance resistance against impersonation, denial of service, and privileged insider attacks. The devised scheme distinguishes itself by a comparative analysis and security proofs, highlighting its superior capability in guaranteeing secure authentication in V2I communication. The comprehensive security analysis conducted formally and informally showcases the robustness of the proposed solution against several threats. The performance evaluation results show that our scheme demonstrates a decrease in the computational cost of 51.40% approximately and a reduction in communication overhead of around 22.57%. These results establish the efficiency and scalability of the proposed scheme as a viable solution for V2I architecture. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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