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International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM

作者： Hadi Parandeh-Afshar Ali Afzali-Kusha Ali Khakifirouz Nanoelectronics Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA

This paper presents a very fast yet low power pseudo incrementer structure which may be used in address bus encoders/decoders. This structure, which is based on the ripple carry incrementer, is much faster than the incrementer. Using this structure, the delay and the power of address bus encoders/decoders may be reduced considerably. Analytical and synthesis results show that the structure is faster than current incrementer circuits while its circuit area and power are much smaller than those of current fast incrementers.

关键词： Decoding Delay Circuits Digital systems Energy consumption Paper technology Encoding Design methodology Power engineering computing Power engineering and energy

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Finding and fixing problems early: A perspective-based approach to requirements and design inspections

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CrossTalk 2006年第12期19卷 25-28页

作者： Carver, Jeffrey C. Shull, Forrest Rus, Ioana Mississippi State University Fraunhofer Center for Experimental Software Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering 300 Butler Hall Mississippi State University MS 39762 Fraunhofer Center for Experimental Software Engineering Maryland University of Maryland 4321 Hartwick RD STE 500 College Park MD 20742-3290

Viewing security vulnerabilities as a specific type of software defect allows proven software engineering techniques for finding and fixing them to be used early in the development of the product. Finding and fixing these problems early (i.e. at the requirements or design phase) mil reduce the overall risk and cost of tee product. This article describes the application of a previously successful early life cycle software inspection approach (perspective-based reading [PBR]) to the problem of software security. Excerpts from this tailored approach are provided along with guidance on it use.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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Shape-Based Object Segmentation with Simultaneous Intensity Adjustment

Shape-Based Object Segmentation with Simultaneous Intensity ...

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Canadian Conference on computer and Robot Vision, CRV

作者： S. Tae-O-Sot S. Jitapunkul S. Auethavekiat Center of Excellence in Telecommunication Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Chulalongkom University Bangkok Thailand Computer Center Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Most segmentation algorithms are based on the assumption of intensity homogeneity within an object. However, in many applications, the object of interest contains more than one homogenous region. Even when the object’s shape is known, such object is not effectively extracted. In this paper, we propose a segmentation process for the objects containing 2 homogenous regions. Our method is based on the level set method. We construct the shape model from the set of manually extracted objects. The parameters that represent the shape model are coefficients of PCA basis. Instead of defining a new cost-function based on heterogeneity assumption, we repeatedly form a homogenous region inside the evolving curve and evolve the curve by the level set method. Our experiment on medical images indicated that our method effectively segmented object with one and two homogenous regions.

关键词： Object segmentation Shape Level set Image segmentation Principal component analysis Biomedical imaging computer vision Active contours Active noise reduction Noise level

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Shape Based Segmentation by Level Set Method for Medical Objects Containing Two Regions

Shape Based Segmentation by Level Set Method for Medical Obj...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Sarawut Tae-O-Sot Supatana Auethavekiat Somchai Jitapunkul Center of Excellence in Telecommunication Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Chulalongkom University Bangkok Thailand Computer Center Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Most of segmentation algorithms are based on the assumption of intensity homogeneity within an object. However, in many applications, the object of interest contains more than one homogenous-intensity region. Even when the object's shape is known, such object is not effectively extracted. In this paper, we propose a segmentation process for the objects containing 2 homogenous regions. Our method is based on level set method. This method is divided into 2 parts. In the first part, we estimate the pose parameters of the mean shape of the object. In the latter part, the region inside the curve is adjusted to form a homogenous region. Then we segment the adjusted image for the object by level set method. Our experiment on medical images indicated that our method effectively segmented object with one and two homogenous regions.

关键词： Shape Level set Image segmentation Biomedical imaging Parameter estimation Active contours Active noise reduction Noise level Data mining Principal component analysis

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Modeling the Symptomatic Fixes Archetype in Enterprise computer Security

Modeling the Symptomatic Fixes Archetype in Enterprise Compu...

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IEEE Annual International computer software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Shalom N. Rosenfeld Ioana Rus Michel Cukier Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park USA Engineering Maryland Fraunhofer USA Center for Experimental Software USA Center for Risk and Reliability Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park USA

To support decision-making for security-risk mitigation and the appropriate selection of security countermeasures, we propose a system dynamics model of the security aspects of an enterprise system. We developed such an executable model, incorporating the concept of archetypes. We present here one archetype for computer security, namely symptomatic fixes (or shifting the burden). Using simulation, we show one instance of how this archetype can be used for recognizing and diagnosing typical situations, as well as for fixing problems. The global effects of changes and behavioral trends are examined, and other instances of symptomatic fixes in security are described as well

关键词： computer security Information security software systems computer networks Educational institutions Computational modeling Application software Protection Intrusion detection Mechanical engineering

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Incremental Checkpointing with Application to Distributed Discrete Event Simulation 06

Incremental Checkpointing with Application to Distributed Di...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Thomas Huining Feng Edward A. Lee Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424405015

Checkpointing is widely used in robust fault-tolerant applications. We present an efficient incremental checkpointing mechanism. It requires to record only the state changes and not the complete state. After the creation of a checkpoint, state changes are logged incrementally as records in memory, with which an application can spontaneously roll back later. This incrementalism allows us to implement checkpointing with high performance. Only small constant time is required for checkpoint creation and state recording. Rollback requires linear time in the number of recorded state changes, which is bounded by the number of state variables times the number of checkpoints. We implement a Java source transformer that automatically converts an existing application into a behavior-preserving one with checkpointing functionality. This transformation is application-independent and application-transparent. A wide range of applications can benefit from this technique. Currently, it has been used for distributed discrete event simulation using the time warp technique

关键词： Checkpointing Discrete event simulation Application software Java Robustness Fault tolerance Databases computer crashes Protection Computational modeling

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Learning Distributed Object Pushing: Individual Learning and Distributed Cooperation Protocol

Learning Distributed Object Pushing: Individual Learning and...

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2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Hossein Aminaiee Majid Nili Ahmadabadi Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Robotics and AI Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Iran

In this paper we study learning in cooperative object pushing systems. The proposed approach is based on the idea of learning individual skills and then mapping the required cooperative behaviors on the learned skills. The control point for each individual robot is chosen so as to simplify the design of the reinforcement signal and reduce the role of delayed reward on individual learning in addition to make cooperative protocol simpler. A fuzzy Q-learning system for learning individual object pushing is proposed, together with a method for coordination among the robots to push the object cooperatively. The coordination method takes into account the dynamics of the object and the learned individual skills. The idea of the coordination protocol is based on the notion of ability and active regions defined in this paper. In effect, the cooperation protocol is mapped to a Q-value based policy. Simulation results supportively show that the robots learn individual and cooperative object pushing efficiently

关键词： Protocols Robot kinematics Intelligent robots Fuzzy systems Learning Friction Control systems Artificial intelligence Robot control Fuzzy control

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Learning Individual Skills and Team Behaviors for Distributed Object Pushing

Learning Individual Skills and Team Behaviors for Distribute...

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IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation

作者： Hossein Aminaiee Majid Nili Ahmadabadi Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Robotics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

In this paper we discuss a learning approach to distributed object pushing. In the proposed approach, first the required individual skills for single-robot object pushing are learned using a fuzzy reinforcement learning method. Then, the robots learn how to coordinate their actions to push the object to the desired configuration cooperatively in a distributed manner. The proposed team-level learning benefits from the knowledge, which is in the form of a Q-table, that the agent has gained in its individual learning phase by a special design of reward signal and state-action representation. Each robot learns a threshold on its Q-value using a single state reinforcement learning method and pushes the object when the Q-value of its best action in the current state is above this threshold. The reward signal is designed based on the robots' Q-tables and no external critic is needed for learning cooperation. Simulation results show that the robots learn their individual skills and a cooperation protocol to push the object cooperatively

关键词： Robot kinematics Learning Protocols Robot control Robotics and automation Intelligent robots Signal design Mechatronics Process control Intelligent control

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The Formal Economic Model of software engineering

The Formal Economic Model of Software Engineering

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Canadian Conference on Electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： Yingxu Wang Yuyu Yuan Theoretical and Empirical Software Engineering Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada

This paper presents a coherent theory on the nature of collaborative work and their mathematical models in software engineering. The formal economic model of software engineering costs (FEMSEC) is created based on the collaborative work theory. The FEMSEC model provides a theoretical foundation for software engineering decision optimizations on the optimal labor allocation, the shortest duration determination, and the lowest workload/effort and costs estimation. Based on the FEMSEC model, a wide range of fundamental problems in software project organization and cost estimation can be solved rigorously

关键词： software engineering Cost function Mathematical model Collaborative work Drives Productivity computer industry Collaborative software Tin Remuneration

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WL-VC SRAM: a low leakage memory circuit for deep sub-micron design

WL-VC SRAM: a low leakage memory circuit for deep sub-micron...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： G. Razavipour A. Motamedi A. Afzali-Kusha Department of Electrical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran Nanoelectronics Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran

In this paper, a static random access memory (SRAM) cell that reduces the gate leakage power with low access latency is proposed. The technique reduces the gate leakage current both in the zero and in the one states. The efficiency of the design is evaluated by simulating the circuit in a 45-nm CMOS technology. Compared to the conventional SRAM cell, the proposed design reduces the total gate leakage current around 58% for an oxide thickness of 1.4nm. The increase in the area of the proposed cell is minimal compared to the conventional SRAM. The read access time of this SRAM is only 5.6% slower than that of the conventional SRAM

关键词： Random access memory Circuits Leakage current Voltage Gate leakage CMOS technology MOSFETs Tunneling Power dissipation Power engineering computing

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