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Journal of software Maintenance and Evolution 2000年第1期12卷 47-78页

作者： Cantone, Giovanni Dept. Info. Syst. Prod. Mgmt. Eng. University of Rome at Tor Vergata Roma Italy Dept. Info. Syst. Prod. Mgmt. Eng. University of Rome at Tor Vergata S.N.C. Roma Italy Department of Computer Science Dept. Info. Syst. and Prod. Mgmt. Faculty of Engineering Italy Scientific-Technical Committee Admin. and Docum. Computing Center University of Rome at Tor Vergata Roma Italy University of Naples University of Maryland Italy Intl. Software Eng. Research Network Italy UMD Exp. Software Engineering Group Italy Ital. Assoc. Info. Automat. Comp. Italy Faculty of Engineering University of Naples Italy

This paper reports on an on-going project undertaken within the University of Rome at Tor Vergata to automate the business processes of a class of administrative organizations. The experience gained and the lessons learned, while performing in the role of Innovation-driver, are abstracted and presented. In the context of this experience with process re-engineering, the paper compares the utility of empirically investigating software technology transfer with the reuse of technology measurement models possibly available. The paper also discusses the roles played by various environmental factors - technology, experimentation and measurements, an organization's business objectives, and other organizational issues, including the expected benefits and costs - in the empirical investigation of software technology transfer. The paper concludes by presenting a short case study and three lessons learned. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.

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On the implementation of the Opus coordination language

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Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 2000年第4期12卷

作者： Erwin Laure Matthew Haines Piyush Mehrotra Hans Zima Institute for Software Technology and Parallel Systems University of Vienna Liechtensteinstrasse 22 A-1090 Vienna Austria Department of Computer Science University of Wyoming Laramie WY 82071-3682 U.S.A. Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering NASA Langley Research Center Mail Stop 132C Hampton VA 23681-0001 U.S.A.

Opus is a new programming language designed to assist in coordinating the execution of multiple, independent program modules. With the help of Opus, coarse grained task parallelism between data parallel modules can be expressed in a clean and structured way. In this paper we address the problems of how to build a compilation and runtime support system that can efficiently implement the Opus constructs. Our design considers the often-conflicting goals of efficiency and modular construction through software re-use. In particular, we present the system requirements for an efficient Opus implementation, the Opus runtime system, and describe how they work together to provide the underlying services that the Opus compiler needs for a broad class of machines. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Opus task parallelism data parallelism coordination

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Efficient word segmentation driven by unconstrained handwritten phrase recognition 5

Efficient word segmentation driven by unconstrained handwrit...

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5th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 1999

作者： Park, Jaehwa Govindaraju, Venu Srihari, Sargur N. Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and Recognition Department of Computer Science and Engineering SUNY Buffalo AmherstNY14260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769503187

An efficient system which finds the best match between an input image and a lexicon is presented. To capture writing style of spacing between words and characters prime stroke analysis based on statistical methods is introduced. A method for estimating bound on number of characters without actual recognition is also presented. For system efficiency, before actual recognition, classified groups of word segments and eligible subset of lexicons are generated as hypotheses. The hypotheses are verified and ordered by a lexicon driven word recognizor. We have tested our approach in the street name recognition/interpretation for US mail stream. Experimental results and encouraging. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Character recognition

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Empirical studies of evolving systems

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Empirical software engineering 1999年第4期4卷 370-380页

作者： Bennett, K. Burd, E. Kemerer, C. Lehman, M.M. Lee, M. Madachy, R. Mair, C. Sjoberg, D. Slaughter, S. Department of Computer Science University of Durham United Kingdom Katz Graduate School of Business University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Computing Imperial College United Kingdom Department of Informatics and Simulation RMCS Cranfield University United Kingdom Litton Guidance and Control Systems USC Center for Software Engineering United States Design Engineering and Computing University of Bournemouth United Kingdom Department of Informatics University of Oslo Norway Graduate School of Industrial Administrations Carnegie Melon University United States

This paper describes the results of the working group investigating the issues of empirical studies for evolving systems. The groups found that there were many issues that were central to successful evolution and this concluded that this is a very important area within software engineering. Finally nine main areas were selected for consideration. For each of these areas the central issues were identified as well as success factors. In some cases success stories were also described and the critical factors accounting for the success analyzed. In some cases it was later found that a number of areas were so tightly coupled that it was important to discuss them together.

关键词： software engineering

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Visualization and performance prediction of multithreaded Solaris programs by tracing kernel threads

Visualization and performance prediction of multithreaded So...

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International Symposium on Parallel Processing

作者： M. Broberg L. Lundberg H. Grahn Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science Soft Center University of Karlskrona Ronneby Ronneby Sweden

Efficient performance tuning of parallel programs is often hard. We present a performance prediction and visualization tool called VPPB. Based on a monitored uni-processor execution, VPPB shows the (predicted) behaviour of a multithreaded program using any number of processors and the program behaviour is visualized as a graph. The first version of VPPB was unable to handle I/O operations. This version has, by an improved tracing technique, added the possibility to trace activities at the kernel level as well. Thus, VPPB is now able to trace various I/O activities, e.g., manipulation of OS internal buffers, physical disk I/O, socket I/O, and RPC. VPPB allows flexible performance tuning of parallel programs developed for shared memory multiprocessors using a standardized environment; C/C++ programs that uses the thread package in Solaris 2.X.

关键词： Visualization Kernel Yarn Operating systems Libraries Spinning Probes Hardware software engineering computer science

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Efficient word segmentation driven by unconstrained handwritten phrase recognition

Efficient word segmentation driven by unconstrained handwrit...

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International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition

作者： J. Park V. Govindaraju S.N. Srihari Department of Computer Science and Engineering Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and Recognition SUNY Amherst NY USA

关键词： Handwriting recognition Image recognition Writing Image segmentation Frequency Character recognition Testing Venus Text analysis Image analysis

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A Vector-space Model for Parallel Workload Characterization

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Journal of King Saud University - computer and Information Sciences 1999年 11卷 1-23页

作者： Abdullah I. Al-Meajil Tarek El-Ghazawi Thomas Sterlings Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science George Washington University USA Center of Excellence in Space Data & Information Sciences (CESDIS) NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center USA

software parallelism is a key factor in performance of parallel systems. In this paper we discuss a parallel-instruction vector space model for workload representation and comparison. This model will be compared with the parallelism-matrix technique, which is based on the Frobenius matrix norm. The latter compares two workloads based on identical parallel instructions only, whereas the former compares two workloads based on all parallel instructions. It will be shown that the parallel-instruction vector space method outperforms the parallelism-matrix method in time and space, as well as in accuracy. Further, it will be shown that this model provides a useful framework for the design and analysis of benchmarks. This will be demonstrated by analyzing some of the NASA/NAS Parallel Benchmark workloads and their performance measurements in the context of the model.

关键词： Instruction-level Parallelism Benchmarking Workload Characterization Performance Evaluation

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Recursive handwriting recognition using epistemic utility theory

Recursive handwriting recognition using epistemic utility th...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Jaehwa Park V. Govindaraju Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and Recognition Department of Computer Science and Engineering State University of New York Amherst NY USA

In most handwriting recognition systems, the processing steps of segmentation, recognition, decision making and post-processing are serially taken. These systems usually use the resources exhaustively in each stage of the serial engine. Every stage is tuned to maximize global performance. However, such a paradigm is prone to miss the global optimal point because the individual stages often do not have all the information available. A more interactive model is desirable. In this paper we describe such a model extending the concepts of satisfying decision mechanisms. Our experiments show proof of validity of the proposed model.

关键词： Handwriting recognition Utility theory Decision making Engines Image recognition Character recognition Image segmentation Optical feedback Optical character recognition software Prototypes

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Transient analysis of minimum duration outage for RF channel in cellular systems

Transient analysis of minimum duration outage for RF channel...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Yue Ma J.J. Han K.S. Trivedi Center for Advanced Computing and Communication (CACC) Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC USA Corporate Software Technology Center Schaumburg IL USA Center for Advanced Computing and Communication (CACC) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA

Following Mandayam et al. (1998), we define outage events as the channel being attenuated for at least a deterministic period of time, /spl tau//sub m/. Compared with a continuous time Markov chain or discrete time Markov chain, a semi-Markov process (SMP) is general enough that it allows the sojourn time to be any distribution function. In this paper, we develop a minimum duration outage model based on an SMP. Closed-form expressions are derived for the time dependent and steady state probabilities of outage. Describing the outage event in the transient regime, our model can reflect the channel fading behavior in a dynamic way.

关键词： Transient analysis Radio frequency Steady-state Markov processes Closed-form solution Fading Land mobile radio cellular systems Power system modeling Communication system software computer science

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Rapid thermal processing and screen-printing for low cost silicon solar cells

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1999年第1期462卷 354-361页

作者： A. Rohatgi S. Narasimha P. Doshi A. Ebong J. Moschner 1University Center of Excellence for Photovoltaics Research and Education Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0250 2Institut für Solarenergieforschung Hamlen/Emmerthal (ISFH) D-31860 Emmerthal Germany

Rapid and potentially low-cost process techniques are analyzed and applied toward the fabrication of high-efficiency Si solar cells. First, a high quality screen-printed (SP) contact methodology is developed that results in fill factors of 0.785-0.790 on monocrystalline Si. Next, aluminum back surface field (Al-BSF) formation is studied in detail to establish the process conditions that result in optimal BSF action. Screen-printing of Al conductor paste and rapid thermal processing (RTP) are integrated into the BSF procedure, and effective recombination velocities (Seff) as low as 200 cm/s are demonstrated on 2.3 Ω-cm Si with this RTP SP Al-BSF process. A novel passivation scheme consisting of a dielectric stack (plasma silicon nitride on top of a rapid thermal oxide) is developed to reduce the surface recombination velocity (S) to ≈10 cm/s at the 1.3 Ω-cm Si surface. The important feature of this stack passivation scheme is its ability to withstand a high-temperature anneal (700–850 °C) without degradation in S. This feature is critical for most current commercial processes that utilize SP contact firing. Finally, the individual processes are integrated to form high-efficiency, manufacturable devices. Solar cell efficiencies of 17% and >19% are achieved on FZ Si with SP and evaporated (photolithography) contacts, respectively.

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