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Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland - Section of Bioengineering - Proceedings of meeting held in Dundalk, Co. Louth, in February 1998.

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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 1998年第4期167卷 256-276页

作者： [Anonymous] Orthopaedic Research Unit The Queen’s University of Belfast School of Biomedical Sciences The Queen’s University of Belfast Howmedica International Ltd. Raheen Industrial Estate Limerick Department of Mechanical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Mater Hospital Dublin 7 Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Århus University Hospital Denmark University of Limerick Limerick Limerick Regional Hospital Raheen Limerick Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd. Galway Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Bioengineering Research Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Northern Ireland Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Ulster Newtownabbey Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The Ashby Building The Queen’s University of Belfast Johnson and Johnson Professional Orthopaedic Division Queensway England Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Burke House Ellison Street Castlebar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Department of Surgery Beaumont Hospital Dublin Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Department of Aeronautical Engineering The Queen’s University of Belfast Vascular Unit Belfast City Hospital Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Centre for Biomedical Electronics Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Limerick School of Health Sciences University of Ulster Ireland School of Physiotherapy University of Ulster Newtownabbey Clinical Engineering NI Medical Physics Agency Belfast and Radiology Royal Victoria Hospital Musgrave Park Hospital University of Limerick Biomedical Institute (ULBMI) Uni

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From ML to Ada: Strongly-typed language interoperability via source translation

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Journal of Functional Programming 1998年第4期8.0卷 367-412页

作者： Tolmach, Andrew Oliva, Dino P. Pacific Software Research Center Department of Computer Science Portland State University Portland OR 97207-0751 P.O. Box 751 United States Pacific Software Research Center Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering Oregon Graduate Institute Portland OR 97291-1000 20000 N.W. Walker Road United States Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ 07974-0636 600 Mountain Ave. United States

We describe a system that supports source-level integration of ML-like functional language code with ANSI C or Ada83 code. The system works by translating the functional code into type-correct, 'vanilla' C or Ada;it offers simple, efficient, type-safe inter-operation between new functional code components and 'legacy' third-generation-language components. Our translator represents a novel synthesis of techniques including user-parameterized specification of primitive types and operators;removal of polymorphism by code specialization;removal of higher-order functions using closure datatypes and interpretation;and aggressive optimization of the resulting first-order code, which can be viewed as encoding the result of a closure analysis. Programs remain fully typed at every stage of the translation process, using only simple, standard type systems. Target code runs at speeds comparable to the output of current optimizing ML compilers, even though handicapped by a conservative garbage collector.

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The Farmer model for the construction of platform independent network management system agent

The Farmer model for the construction of platform independen...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Soo-Hyun Park Sang-Hoon Park Doo-Kwon Baik Central Research Center LG Information and Communications Limited Seoul South Korea Software System Laboratory Department of Computer Science & Engineering Korea University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780351460

The Farmer model is a basic model of the farming methodology that loads the component defined in the aspect-object from the PICR into the distributed object after analyzing the real world entity in various aspects and defining the aspect elements as the Aspect-Object. This model is a model that formalizes the concept of downloading the componentware from the PICR to the distributed entity node type that describes the abstract object, the aspect node type that describes this object, the link type that shows the relativity between the entity and the aspect, and the attribute type that shows the characteristics of the entity. In this paper, the platform independent TMN agents are designed by the diagram of the Farmer model.

关键词： Object oriented modeling Knowledge representation computer network management engineering management software systems computer science Information analysis

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A methodology and life cycle model for data mining and knowledge discovery in precision agriculture

A methodology and life cycle model for data mining and knowl...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Seek Won Lee L. Kerschberg Center for Information System Integration and Evolution Department of Information and Software System Engineering George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Learning Agents Laboratory Department of Computer Science George Mason University Fairfax VA USA

Presents a methodology for data mining and knowledge discovery in large, distributed and heterogeneous databases. In order to obtain potentially interesting patterns, relationships and rules from such large and heterogeneous data collections, it is essential that a methodology be developed to take advantage of the suite of existing methods and tools that are available for data mining and knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). One of the most important methodologies is an integration of diverse learning strategies that cooperatively performs a variety of discovery techniques that achieves high-quality knowledge. The KDLC (knowledge discovery life-cycle) model is an extended study of AqBC, which is a multi-strategy knowledge discovery approach that combines supervised inductive rule learning and unsupervised Bayesian classification via a constructive induction mechanism. A case study dealing with crop yields for a farm in the state of Idaho, USA is presented, and preliminary results are visualized by using the ArcView geographical information system (GIS). The significance of the multi-strategy knowledge discovery and visualization process in analyzing the classifications and learned rules has been empirically verified in KDLC.

关键词： Data mining Agriculture Data visualization Distributed databases Bayesian methods Visual databases Data engineering Knowledge engineering Laboratories computer science

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Incremental delivery reduces maintenance cost: a COCOMO-based study

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Journal of software: Evolution and Process 1998年第4期10卷

作者： Pei Hsia Chih-Tung Hsu David Chenho Kung Eric J. Byrne Software Engineering Center for Telecommunication Department of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington Box 19015 Arlington TX 76019–0015 U.S.A.

Incremental delivery (ID) is a software development paradigm which advocates that systems be delivered to end users in usable, useful and semi-independent increments. ID differs from the traditional development paradigm, which we call monolithic delivery (MD), in which a software system is considered as a monolithic, inseparable whole delivered as one unit. The purpose of this study is to compare the ID and MD approaches in terms of their maintenance efforts through an analytical parametric study. The results of the study provide insight into how incremental delivery can be employed to reduce software maintenance effort. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： incremental development incremental delivery software maintenance COCOMO model cost estimation

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Modeling and characterization of high-efficiency silicon solar cells fabricated by rapid thermal processing, screen printing, and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 1997年第9期44卷 1417-1424页

作者： Doshi, P Mejia, J Tate, K Rohatgi, A Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology University Center of Excellence for Photovoltaics Atlanta GA USA

This paper presents, for the first time, the successful integration of three rapid, low-cost, high-throughput technologies for silicon solar cell fabrication, namely: rapid thermal processing (RTP) for simultaneous diffusion of a phosphorus emitter and aluminum back surface field;screen printing (SP) for the front grid contact;and low-temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of SiN for antireflection coating and surface passivation. This combination has resulted in 4 cm(2) cells with efficiencies of 16.3% and 15.9% on 2 Ohm-cm FZ and Cz, respectively, as well as 15.4% efficient, 25-cm(2) FZ cells. Despite the respectable RTP/SP/PECVD efficiencies, cells formed by conventional furnace processing and photolithography (CFP/PL) give similar to 2% (absolute) greater efficiencies, Through in-depth modeling and characterization, this efficiency difference is quantified on the basis of emitter design and front surface passivation, grid shading, and quality of contacts. Detailed analysis reveals that the difference is primarily due to the requirements of screen printing and not RTP.

关键词： Silicon Printing Passivation Chemical technology Photovoltaic cells Fabrication Rapid thermal processing Aluminum Plasma chemistry Plasma displays

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On the estimation of reliability of a software system using reliabilities of its components

On the estimation of reliability of a software system using ...

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International Symposium on software Reliability engineering (ISSRE)

作者： S. Krishnamurthy A.P. Mathur Software Engineering Research Center Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

We report an experiment to evaluate a method, known as component based reliability estimation (CBRE), for the estimation of reliability of a software system using reliabilities of its components. CBRE involves computing path reliability estimates based on the sequence of components executed for each test input. Path reliability estimates are averaged over all test runs to obtain an estimate of the system reliability. In the experiment reported, three components of a Unix utility were seeded with errors and the reliability of each component was measured. The faulty components were then introduced systematically into the utility, in various combinations, to produce several faulty versions of the utility. For each faulty version, test cases were drawn from an operational profile to measure the component-based reliability. The true reliability of the faulty version was estimated using the frequency count approach. The goodness of CBRE was assessed in terms of the accuracy and efficiency of the estimates with respect to the true reliability. Results from this experiment suggest that CBRE yields reasonably accurate results at an efficient rate. However, the accuracy and efficiency of CBRE is sensitive to the dependency among successive calls to a component.

关键词： software systems System testing Frequency estimation software engineering Yield estimation software testing software reliability Programming computer languages Resource management

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Gettering and passivation of high efficiency multicrystalline silicon solar cells

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1997年第1期394卷 199-213页

作者： A. Rohatgi S. Narasimha L. Cai University Center for Excellence in Photovoltaic Research and Education Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0250

A detailed study was conducted on aluminum and phosphorus gettering in HEM mc-Si and defect passivation by PECVD SiN in EFG mc-Si to achieve high efficiency solar cells on these promising photovoltaic materials. Solar cells with efficiencies as high as 18.6% ( 1 cm2 area) were achieved on multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) grown by the heat exchanger method (HEM) by a process which implements impurity gettering, an effective back surface field, front surface passivation, and forming gas annealing. This represents the highest reported solar cell efficiency on mc-Si to date. PCD analysis revealed that the bulk lifetime in certain HEM samples after phosphorus gettering can be as high as 135 μs. By incorporating a deeper aluminum back surface field (Al-BSF), the back surface recombination velocity (Sb) for 0.65 Ω-cm HEM mc-Si solar cells was lowered from 10,000 cm/s to 2,000 cm/s resulting in the 18.6% efficient device. It was also observed that a screen-printed/RTP alloyed Al-BSF process could raise the efficiency of both float zone and relatively defect-free mc-Si solar cells by lowering Sb. However, this process was found to increase the electrical activity of extended defects so that mc-Si devices with a significant defect density showed an overall degradation in performance. In the case of EFG mc-Si, neural network modeling in conjunction with a study of post deposition annealing was used to provide guidelines for effective defect passivation by PECVD SiN films. Appropriate deposition and annealing conditions resulted in a 45% increase in cell efficiency due to AR coating and another 25–30% increase due to defect passivation by atomic hydrogen.

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Pushing the frontiers of silicon PV technologies: Novel approaches to high-efficiency, manufacturable silicon cells

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AIP Conference Proceedings 1997年第1期404卷 109-116页

作者： A. Rohatgi P. Doshi T. Krygowski University Center for Excellence in Photovoltaic Research and Education Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0250

Crystalline silicon is the dominant photovoltaic (PV) material today. Although laboratory cell efficiencies have reached 24%, production cell efficiencies are still in the range of 11–15% at a market price of −$4/watt for modules. The real challenge is how to incorporate high efficiency features in the industrial cells in a cost-effective manner. This paper highlights the key high efficiency attributes that can bridge the gap between laboratory and industrial cells. It summarizes some of the recent developments and emerging technologies that have the potential of reaching the cost and efficiency targets simultaneously. Further development of these technologies, along with the push to increase the market size towards 500 MW/yr can lead to next generation silicon cells that can reduce the silicon PV module cost down to $1–2/watt.

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Wavelet-based image registration on parallel computers 97

Wavelet-based image registration on parallel computers

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1997 ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing, SC 1997

作者： El-Ghazawi, Tarek A. Chalermwat, Prachya Le Moigne, Jacqueline Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science George Washington University Washington DC 20052 United States Center of Excellence in Space Data and Information Sciences NASA GSFC Code 930 Greenbelt MD 20771 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897919858

Digital image registration is very important in many applications, such as medical imagery, robotics, visual inspection, and remotely sensed data processing. NASA s Mission To Planet Earth (MTPE) program will be producing enormous Earth global change data, reaching hundreds of Gigabytes per day, that are collected form different spacecrafts and different perspectives using many sensors with diverse resolutions and characteristics. The analysis of such data requires integration, therefore, accurate registration of these data. Image registration is defined as the process which determines the most accurate relative orientation between two or more images, acquired at the same or different times by different or identical sensors. Registration can also provide the absolute orientation between an image and a map. © 1997 ACM.

关键词： Image registration

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