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IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy

作者： S. Forrest S.A. Hofmeyr A. Somayaji T.A. Longstaff Department of Computer Science University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA CERT Coordination Center Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818674174

A method for anomaly detection is introduced in which "normal" is defined by short-range correlations in a process' system calls. Initial experiments suggest that the definition is stable during normal behaviour for standard UNIX programs. Further; it is able to detect several common intrusions involving sendmail and 1pr. This work is part of a research program aimed at building computer security systems that incorporate the mechanisms and algorithms used by natural immune systems.

关键词： Immune system computer security Protection computer science Operating systems Cryptography Skin Biomembranes Robustness software engineering

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Virtual memory versus file interfaces for large, memory-intensive scientific applications 96

Virtual memory versus file interfaces for large, memory-inte...

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Proceedings of the 1996 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing

作者： Yoonho Park Ridgway Scott Stuart Sechrest High Performance Computing Center University of Houston Houston TX Software Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI

ISBN: (纸本)9780897918541

Scientific applications often require some strategy for temporary data storage to do the largest possible simulations. The use of virtual memory for temporary data storage has received criticism because of performance problems. However, modern virtual memory found in recent operating systems such as Cenju-3/DE give application writers control over virtual memory policies. We demonstrate that custom virtual memory policies can dramatically reduce virtual memory overhead and allow applications to run out-of-core efficiently. We also demonstrate that the main advantage of virtual memory, namely programming simplicity, is not lost.

关键词： custom policies

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Virtual Memory versus File Interface for Large, Memory-Intensive Scientific Applications

Virtual Memory versus File Interface for Large, Memory-Inten...

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Supercomputing Conference

作者： Yoonho Park R. Scott S. Sechrest High performance computing center University of Houston Houston TX USA Software Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

关键词： Memory Operating systems Control systems

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Achieving a balanced low-cost architecture for mass storage management through multiple fast Ethernet channels on the Beowulf parallel workstation

Achieving a balanced low-cost architecture for mass storage ...

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International Symposium on Parallel Processing

作者： T. Sterling D.J. Becker M.R. Berry D. Savarese C. Reschke Center of Excellence in Space Data and Information Sciences NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science George Washington University Washington D.C. DC USA

A network of workstations (NOW) seeks to leverage commercial workstation technology to produce high-performance computing systems at costs appreciably lower than parallel computers specifically designed for that purpose. The capabilities of technologies emerging from the PC commodity mass market are rapidly evolving to converge with those of workstations while at significantly lower cost. A new operating point in the price-performance design space of parallel system architecture may be derived through parallelism of PC subsystems. The "Pile-of-PCs" (PopC) approach is being explored through the Beowulf parallel workstation, developed to provide order-of-magnitude increases in disk capacity and bandwidth for a single-user environment at costs commensurate with conventional high-end workstations. This paper explores a critical aspect of the architecture trade-off space for Beowulf associated with the balance of parallel disk throughput and internal network bandwidth. The findings presented demonstrate that the parallel channels of a commodity 100 Mbps Ethernet are both necessary and sufficient to support the data rates of multiple concurrent file transfers on a 16-processor Beowulf parallel workstation.

关键词： Workstations Costs computer architecture computer networks Concurrent computing Space technology Bandwidth Parallel processing Throughput Ethernet networks

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Control distributed parameter systems with orthogonal neural network learning

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Informatica 1996年第4期7卷 431-454页

作者： Garliauskas, Algis Gupta, Madan M. Inst. of Mathematics and Informatics 2600 Vilnius Akademijos 4 Lithuania University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Sask. S7N 5A9 Canada Computer Center Dept. of the USSR Acad. of Sciences Novosibirsk Russian Federation Laboratory of Neuroinformatics Instit. Math. and Inform. Lithuania Birla Engineering College Pilani India University of Warwick United Kingdom Department of Engineering Ctr. Excellence on Neuro-Vis. Res. University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Sask. Canada Intelligent Syst. Res. Laboratory Ctr. Excellence on Neuro-Vis. Res. University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Sask. Canada

Adaptive Control Distributed Parameter Systems (ACDPS) with adaptive learning algorithms based on orthogonal neural network methodology are presented in this paper. We discuss a modification of orthogonal least squares learning to find appropriate efficient algorithms for solution of ACDPS problems. A two times problem linked with the real time of plant control dynamic processes and the learning time for adjustment of parameters in adaptive control of unknown distributed systems is discussed. The simulation results demonstrate that the orthogonal learning algorithms on a neural network concept allow to find perfectly tracked output control distributed parameters in ACDPS and have rather a good perspective in the development of generalised ACDSP theory and practice in the future.

关键词： Adaptive control Distributed parameter system Nonlinear control Orthogonal neural network learning

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Educational, outcomes assessment: Framing & resolving ill-defined problems

Educational, outcomes assessment: Framing & resolving ill-de...

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1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings

作者： Russell, John Nici, Rosario Hudlin, Charles Peterson, Donna Slate, Steve Abderhalden, Rick Compagno, Mavis Marlino, Mary Porter, David Air Force Institute of Technology United States Air Force Academy Department of Astronautics United States Air Force Academy Department of Philosophy United States Air Force Academy Department of Electric Engineering United States Air Force Academy Department of Economics United States Air Force Academy Department of Management United States Air Force Academy Department of Computer Sciences United States Air Force Academy Center for Educational Excellence United States Air Force Academy Department of Behavioral Sciences United States Air Force Academy

This paper discusses the initial assessment of our students' ability to frame and resolve ill-defined problems. It outlines the development and administration of the assessment instrument, scoring procedures, and preliminary results. The problem used for this assessment was presented as an Air Force deployment scenario and students were given 12 minutes to develop a response. They were allowed another 12 minutes to continue and/or reflect on their thinking and problem resolution. This was followed by 15 minutes of discussion to provide feedback and closure for the students and administrators. All 436 responses were scored and demographic information, which was not available to the raters, allowed an assessment of subgroups. Preliminary investigations suggested that student performance was not affected by gender or time of day. Effects of general academic performance (i.e., GPA) or choice of major had smaller than expected correlation. Additional research to examine convergence between scores on this instrument and other more standard measures is needed.

关键词： engineering education

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High-efficiency silicon solar cells by low-cost rapid thermal processing, screen printing, and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

High-efficiency silicon solar cells by low-cost rapid therma...

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Conference Record of the Twenty Fifth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference - 1996

作者： P. Doshi J. Mejia K. Tate S. Kamra A. Rohatgi S. Narayanan R. Singh Georgia Institute of Technology University Center of Excellence for Photovoltaics Research and Education Atlanta GA USA Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA US Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

This paper presents, for the first time, the successful integration of three rapid, low-cost, high-throughput techniques for crystalline Si cell fabrication, namely: rapid thermal processing (RTP) for simultaneous diffusion of a phosphorus emitter and aluminum back-surface-field; screen-printing (SP) for the front grid contact; and low-temperature PECVD of SiN for antireflection and surface passivation. This combination has resulted in 4 cm/sup 2/ cells with efficiencies of 16.3% and 15.9% on 2 /spl Omega/-cm FZ and Cz, respectively, as well as 15.4% efficient, 25 cm/sup 2/ FZ cells. Despite the respectable RTP/SP efficiencies, cells formed by conventional furnace processing and photolithography (CFP/PL) give /spl sim/2% (abs.) greater efficiencies. Through in-depth modeling and characterization, this difference is quantified on the basis of emitter design, grid shading, and quality of contacts.

关键词： Photovoltaic cells Rapid thermal processing Printing Passivation Crystallization Fabrication Silicon compounds Furnaces Chemical technology Cleaning

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LAN fault management ensemble

LAN fault management ensemble

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IEEE Symposium on Network Operations and Management

作者： Y. Teshigawara N. Yoshie A. Komatsu T. Nakakawaji Department of Information Systems Science Engineering Soka University Tokyo Japan Information & Electronics Laboratories Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Osaka Japan Computer Software Operation Unit Third Computer Software Division NEC Corporation Limited Tokyo Japan Information Technology Research and Development Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Limited Kamakura Kanagawa Japan

LAN systems are widely used in distributed environment and it becomes more indispensable to manage distributed LAN systems in an integrated manner as enterprise-level networks. This paper describes the LAN fault management ensemble which has been developed by the Ensemble Team of INTAP NM (Network Management) Technical Committee. Ensembles represent specific solutions to particular problems of the networks as a collection of managed resources, functions and scenarios. This ensemble provides a method of managing an enterprise-level private network in particular fault management areas. OSI management is adopted as a platform to manage LANs which are assumed to be managed by SNMP or OSI layer management protocols. This ensemble takes a state-oriented approach which is better suited, and provides more efficient integrated network management for large-scale enterprise networks containing many resources to be managed, because SNMP management is performed by polling based on the stateless approach. In addition, this ensemble adopts international standards or publicly available specifications regarding the necessary management information. Integrated management is executed by the OSI manager and proxy agents. Proxy agents act as OSI agents and convert information gathered by SNMP manager/agents or OSI layer management entities to OSI. Various network resources such as FDDI, Ethernet and MIB-II are defined on the basis of definition of the ISO/IEC, IEEE and NM Forum standards and additional necessary resources are uniquely defined for this ensemble requirements.

关键词： Local area networks Open systems Resource management Information management ISO standards IEC standards Environmental management Protocols Large scale integration FDDI

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Quantitive studies of data-locality sensitivity on the EARTH multithreaded architecture: preliminary results

Quantitive studies of data-locality sensitivity on the EARTH...

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International Conference on High Performance Computing

作者： Xin-Min Tian S. Nemawarkar G.R. Gao H. Hum O. Maquelin A. Sodan K. Theobald IBM Toronto Software Laboratory Toronto Canada Department of Electrical Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada School of Computer Science McGill University Montreal Canada Intel Corporation Portland USA GMD FIRST Research Center Berlin Germany

Multithreading has been promoted as an effective mechanism to hide inter-processor communications and remote data access latencies by quickly switching among a set of ready threads. In this paper, we show that multitreading provides an immunity to the performance variations due to changes in data distributions in a distributed-memory multiprocessor. First, toe propose two performance metrics to quantify the sensitivity of performance to data-locality. Second, we perform a quantitative comparison of data-locality sensitivity with both single-threaded and multithreaded computations. These experiments are performed on a 20-node EARTH-MANNA system. Our results show that not only does a multithreaded computation yields higher performance than the single-threaded version, but also that its performance is more robust (less affected) by variations in data-locality.

关键词： Earth Yarn Multithreading Delay Distributed computing High performance computing computer architecture Communication switching Benchmark testing Laboratories

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Data and information architectures for large-scale distributed data intensive information systems

Data and information architectures for large-scale distribut...

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International Working Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management

作者： L. Kerschberg H. Gomaa D. Menasce Jong Pil Yoon Center for Information Systems Integration and Evolution George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Department of Computer Science George Mason University Fairfax VA USA Sookmyung Woman's University South Korea

The Earth Observing System (EOS) Data and Information System (EOSDIS) is perhaps one of the most important examples of large-scale, geographically distributed, and data intensive systems. The paper presents various facets of a data and information architecture for EOSDIS. EOS data is organized by means of an object-oriented schema, while EOS knowledge is organized through multiple domain-specific thesauri, complemented by domain knowledge and rules. The information holdings are organized into the source data archives, a data warehouse which provides an integrated view of the information holdings, and information marts which generate value-added information products for specialized user communities. Finally a federated client-server architecture is proposed to allow non-EOSDIS systems to become members of the EOSDIS community, allowing them to access EOSDIS holdings, and sharing their own data with EOSDIS.

关键词： Large-scale systems Information systems Earth Observing System Satellites computer architecture NASA Large scale integration Planets Instruments Atmosphere

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