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36th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, ION GNSS+ 2023

作者： Zheng, Shaolong Li, Zhenni Wang, Qianming Xie, Kan Liu, Ming Xie, Shengli Polycarpou, Marios School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou510006 China 111 Center for Intelligent Batch Manufacturing Based on IoT Technology Guangzhou510006 China Techtotop Microelectronics Technology Co. Ltd. Guangzhou510006 China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology Guangzhou510006 China Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus KIOS Rsearch and Innovation Center of Excellence Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9780936406350

Signals from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) suffer from serious multipath errors in urban areas caused by building blockages and reflections. The use of deep neural networks offer great potential for predicting and eliminating complex multipath/non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors. However, existing methods for predicting the original signals face two remaining challenges. The first is the inability to exploit effectively the irregular GNSS dataset because of inconsistent numbers of visible satellites in different epochs. The second is degradation in the generalization performance of the multipath/NLOS prediction model when using data collected from different locations and periods. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel graph transformer neural network for predicting satellite visibility that effectively learns environment representations from the irregular GNSS measurements to both alleviate multipath interference and improve the generalization performance of the multipath prediction model. To learn from the irregular GNSS measurements, a sky satellite graph is constructed as the input to a graph neural network by using the satellites captured in the same epoch, which can represent the spatial relationships between the satellites and enhance the model to enable learning of satellite-related features sufficiently well. To improve generalization ability of our multipath prediction model, a multihead attention mechanism is introduced to aggregate satellite node information by computing the correlation between satellites for extracting the environment representation around the receiver. Based on the constructed sky satellite graph and the multihead attention mechanism, we develop a novel graph transformer neural network (GTNN) for predicting satellite visibility, which can not only handle irregular GNSS measurements but also learn an environment representation via graph attention. Comparative experiments were carried out on real-world GNSS meas

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SAFL: Structure-Aware Personalized Federated Learning via Client-Specific Clustering and SCSI-Guided Model Pruning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Nan Wang, Xiaolu Du, Xiao Cai, Puyu Wang, Ting Engineering Research Center of Software/Hardware Co-Design Technology and Application Ministry of Education the Shangh ai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Software Engineering Institute East China Normal University Shanghai200050 China Computer Science Department New York University New YorkNY10012 United States

Federated Learning (FL) enables clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing local data, preserving privacy in diverse environments. While traditional FL approaches preserve privacy, they often struggle with high computational and communication overhead. To address these issues, model pruning is introduced as a strategy to streamline computations. However, existing pruning methods, when applied solely based on local data, often produce sub-models that inadequately reflect clients’ specific tasks due to data insufficiency. To overcome these challenges, this paper introduces SAFL (Structure-Aware Federated Learning), a novel framework that enhances personalized federated learning through client-specific clustering and Similar Client Structure Information (SCSI)-guided model pruning. SAFL employs a two-stage process: initially, it groups clients based on data similarities and uses aggregated pruning criteria to guide the pruning process, facilitating the identification of optimal sub-models. Subsequently, clients train these pruned models and engage in server-based aggregation, ensuring tailored and efficient models for each client. This method significantly reduces computational overhead while improving inference accuracy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SAFL markedly diminishes model size and improves performance, making it highly effective in federated environments characterized by heterogeneous data. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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GKT: A Novel Guidance-Based Knowledge Transfer Framework For Efficient Cloud-edge Collaboration LLM Deployment

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yao, Yao Li, Zuchao Zhao, Hai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trusted Data Circulation and Governance in Web3 China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

The burgeoning size of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to enhanced capabilities in generating responses, albeit at the expense of increased inference times and elevated resource demands. Existing methods of acceleration, predominantly hinged on knowledge distillation, generally necessitate fine-tuning of considerably large models, posing a challenge for average users. Furthermore, present techniques for expediting inference and reducing costs operate independently. To address these issues, we introduce a novel and intuitive Guidance-based Knowledge Transfer (GKT) framework. This approach leverages a larger LLM as a "teacher" to create guidance prompts, paired with a smaller "student" model to finalize responses. Remarkably, GKT requires no fine-tuning and doesn’t necessitate the teacher and student models to have the same vocabulary, allowing for extensive batch generation to accelerate the process while ensuring user customization. GKT can be seamlessly integrated into cloud-edge collaboration architectures, and is versatile enough for plug-and-play application across various models. When utilizing ChatGPT as teacher model and Llama2-70B as the student model, we can achieve 95.00% of ChatGPT’s performance at 52% of the cost. The results highlight substantial enhancements in accuracy and processing speed on the GSM8K and CSQA datasets, surpassing the performance of using either the student or teacher models in isolation. Our code is publicly available at https://***/Zoeyyao27/GKT © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Distillation

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Entirety of Quantum Uncertainty and Its Experimental Verification

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第7期38卷 11-16页

作者： Jie Xie Li Zhou Aonan Zhang Huichao Xu Man-Hong Yung Ping Xu Nengkun Yu Lijian Zhang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute for Quantum Information&State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of ComputerNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Centre for Quantum Software and Information School of SoftwareFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSWAustralia

As a foundation of quantum physics,uncertainty relations describe ultimate limit for the measurement uncertainty of incompatible ***,uncertainty relations are formulated by mathematical bounds for a specific *** we present a method for geometrically characterizing uncertainty relations as an entire area of variances of the observables,ranging over all possible input *** find that for the pair of position and momentum operators,Heisenberg's uncertainty principle points exactly to the attainable area of the variances of position and ***,for finite-dimensional systems,we prove that the corresponding area is necessarily semialgebraic;in other words,this set can be represented via finite polynomial equations and inequalities,or any finite union of such *** particular,we give the analytical characterization of the areas of variances of(a)a pair of one-qubit observables and(b)a pair of projective observables for arbitrary dimension,and give the first experimental observation of such areas in a photonic system.

关键词： observable union operators

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Multi-Partner Project: Safe, Secure and Dependable Multi-UAV Systems for Search and Rescue Operations

Multi-Partner Project: Safe, Secure and Dependable Multi-UAV...

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2025 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference, DATE 2025

作者： Nikolaou, Panagiota Savva, Antonis Sorokos, Ioannis Aslansefat, Koorosh Missaoui, Sondess Naveed, Akram Mohammed Hillen, Daniel Lorenz, Marc Walker, Martin D. Papoutsakis, Manos Gerasimou, Simos Kolios, Panayiotis Papadopoulos, Yiannis Reich, Jan Ioannidis, Sotiris Michael, Maria K. University of Central Lancashire Cyprus Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Cyprus Cyprus Kios Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Cyprus Computer Science Department University of Cyprus Cyprus Fraunhofer Iese Germany University of Hull United Kingdom University of York United Kingdom Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783982674100

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become essential in search and rescue operations, especially in disaster management scenarios. Their effective navigation and the integration of a plethora of sensors assist in efficient person detection, making them an essential technological tool to first responders. Multi-UAV systems extend these benefits by using coordinated strategies to cover large areas efficiently, reducing overall mission response time and enhancing its success. Despite these advantages, challenges remain in ensuring the safety, security, and dependability of (mutli-)UAV missions. Issues such as navigation risks, potential cyber threats, and hardware-/software-related reliability issues can impact the mission results. Additionally, UAVs are highly constrained devices with limited battery capacity, requiring the use of lightweight technologies. In this paper, we present part of the results of the SESAME project, an EU multi-partner project that aims to develop safe and secure multi-robot Systems. In particular, we present some of the developed SESAME Executable Digital Dependability Identities (EDDI) technologies based on Markov models, statistical distance measures, and other advanced approaches for enhancing safety, security and dependability of the UAV platform and underlying models. These EDDI technologies are seamlessly integrated using the ConSerts framework in a multi-UAV platform and tested using search and rescue scenarios. The results demonstrate significant improvements in multi-UAV safety, with an availability rate of 91% and a search and rescue algorithmic accuracy of 99.8%. Additionally, the system achieves precise detection of spoofing attacks, using collaborative localization as a mitigation technique to guide the UAV to a safe landing, even in the absence of GPS signals © 2025 EDAA.

关键词： Drones

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Snapshot boosting: a fast ensemble framework for deep neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 77-88页

作者： Wentao ZHANG Jiawei JIANG Yingxia SHAO Bin CUI Center for Data Science Peking University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Department of Computer Science Beijing Key Lab of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia School of Computer ScienceBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Department of Computer SciencePeking University

Boosting has been proven to be effective in improving the generalization of machine learning models in many fields. It is capable of getting high-diversity base learners and getting an accurate ensemble model by combining a sufficient number of weak learners. However, it is rarely used in deep learning due to the high training budget of the neural network. Another method named snapshot ensemble can significantly reduce the training budget, but it is hard to balance the tradeoff between training costs and diversity. Inspired by the ideas of snapshot ensemble and boosting, we propose a method named snapshot boosting. A series of operations are performed to get many base models with high diversity and accuracy, such as the use of the validation set, the boosting-based training framework, and the effective ensemble strategy. Last, we evaluate our method on the computer vision(CV) and the natural language processing(NLP) tasks, and the results show that snapshot boosting can get a more balanced trade-off between training expenses and ensemble accuracy than other well-known ensemble methods.

关键词： ensemble learning deep learning boosting neural network snapshot ensemble

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Bayesian Optimization for Wavefront Sensing and Error Correction

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第6期38卷 40-44页

作者： Zhong-Hua Qian Zi-Han Ding Ming-Zhong Ai Yong-Xiang Zheng Jin-Ming Cui Yun-Feng Huang Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA

Algorithms for wavefront sensing and error correction from intensity attract great concern in many *** we propose Bayesian optimization to retrieve phase and demonstrate its performance in simulation and *** small aberration,this method demonstrates a convergence process with high accuracy of phase sensing,which is also verified *** large aberration,Bayesian optimization is shown to be insensitive to the initial phase while maintaining high *** approach’s merits of high accuracy and robustness make it promising in being applied in optical systems with static aberration such as AMO experiments,optical testing shops,and electron or optical microscopes.

关键词： optical optimization phase

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DNN Partitioning and Assignment for Distributed Inference in SGX Empowered Edge Cloud

DNN Partitioning and Assignment for Distributed Inference in...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems

作者： Yuepeng Li Deze Zeng Lin Gut Song Guo Albert Y. Zomaya School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Engineering Research Center of Natural Resource Information Management and Digital Twin Engineering Software Ministry of Education Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Computer Science The University of Sydney Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350386059

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386066

Distributed Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference is a promising technology to explore the distributed resources in edge cloud to realize edge intelligence. Meanwhile the inherent resource sharing nature of edge cloud infrastructure also raises serious concerns on security and privacy. software Guard Ex-tensions (SGX) emerges as a potential hardware-level solution but its limited secure memory (i.e., enclave page cache) imposes new challenges, especially in contrast to memory-hungry DNN models. A task's performance will be severely affected when its memory footprint is beyond the enclave page cache size, due to expensive secure page swapping. In this case, how to appropriately partition a DNN model and assign the partitions to distributed edge servers to efficiently utilize edge resources for fast secure inference becomes a challenging problem. In this paper, we first show that this problem is NP-hard. We further propose a MEmory -aware Distributed Inference Acceleration (MEDIA) algorithm, whose guaranteed approximation ratio is also formally analyzed. We have implemented a prototype system and applied some well-known representative DNN models to evaluate MEDIA's performance. Through extensive experiments, we verify the efficiency of MEDIA by the fact that it reduces the inference time by 19.5%-38.1 % in comparison with state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： Computational modeling Prototypes Artificial neural networks Media Approximation algorithms Inference algorithms software

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Versatile Video Coding Performance Evaluation for Tiled 360° Videos 28

Versatile Video Coding Performance Evaluation for Tiled 360...

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28th European Wireless Conference, EW 2023

作者： Mahmoud, Moatasim Rizou, Stamatia Kantartzis, Nikolaos V. Valiandi, Ioanna Lazaridis, Pavlos I. Zaharis, Zaharias D. Panayides, Andreas S. Karagiannidis, George K. Singular Logic Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece R&D Department Singular Logic Athens14564 Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece VIDEOMICS Group CYENS Centre of Excellence Nicosia Cyprus School of Computing and Engineering University of Huddersfield HuddersfieldHD1 3DH United Kingdom Cyber Security Systems and Applied AI Research Center Lebanese American University Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762262

Recently, virtual reality (VR) and 360° videos have been increasingly adopted in a wide range of applications. However, the huge sizes of 360° videos necessitate the use of powerful compression tools to allow for efficient storage and streaming of these videos. In this article, we compare the performance of four different video codecs, including AV1 and versatile video coding (VVC), when applied to a dataset of 360° videos. We conduct our evaluation according to peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)-based 360° video quality assessment (VQA) metrics. As omnidirectional videos are usually streamed as independent tiles, we also investigate the tiling effect on VVC compression performance by comparing full-frame-based compression to tiled segment compression using grids of 8x8 and 16x16 tiles. © VDE VERLAG GMBH - Berlin - Offenbach.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Semantic Communications with computer Vision Sensing for Edge Video Transmission

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Peng, Yubo Xiang, Luping Yang, Kun Wang, Kezhi Debbah, Mérouane State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Suzhou China Department of Computer Science Brunel University London United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The KU 6G Center Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates

Despite the widespread adoption of vision sensors in edge applications, such as surveillance, the transmission of video data consumes substantial spectrum resources. Semantic communication (SC) offers a solution by extracting and compressing information at the semantic level, preserving the accuracy and relevance of transmitted data while significantly reducing the volume of transmitted information. However, traditional SC methods face inefficiencies due to the repeated transmission of static frames in edge videos, exacerbated by the absence of sensing capabilities, which results in spectrum inefficiency. To address this challenge, we propose a SC with computer vision sensing (SCCVS) framework for edge video transmission. The framework first introduces a compression ratio (CR) adaptive SC (CRSC) model, capable of adjusting CR based on whether the frames are static or dynamic, effectively conserving spectrum resources. Additionally, we implement an object detection and semantic segmentation models-enabled sensing (OSMS) scheme, which intelligently senses the changes in the scene and assesses the significance of each frame through in-context analysis. Hence, The OSMS scheme provides CR prompts to the CRSC model based on real-time sensing results. Moreover, both CRSC and OSMS are designed as lightweight models, ensuring compatibility with resource-constrained sensors commonly used in practical edge applications. Experimental simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed SCCVS framework, demonstrating its ability to enhance transmission efficiency without sacrificing critical semantic information. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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