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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Yuhan Wu, Zhiyuan Gao, Bo Wen, Tian Wang, Yuwei Sun, Sheng Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High-Speed Railway Ministry of Education School of Computer and Information Technology Bejing Jiaotong University Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Federated Distillation (FD) is a novel and promising distributed machine learning paradigm, where knowledge distillation is leveraged to facilitate a more efficient and flexible cross-device knowledge transfer in federated learning. By optimizing local models with knowledge distillation, FD circumvents the necessity of uploading large-scale model parameters to the central server, simultaneously preserving the raw data on local clients. Despite the growing popularity of FD, there is a noticeable gap in previous works concerning the exploration of poisoning attacks within this framework. This can lead to a scant understanding of the vulnerabilities to potential adversarial actions. To this end, we introduce FDLA, a poisoning attack method tailored for FD. FDLA manipulates logit communications in FD, aiming to significantly degrade model performance on clients through misleading the discrimination of private samples. Through extensive simulation experiments across a variety of datasets, attack scenarios, and FD configurations, we demonstrate that LPA effectively compromises client model accuracy, outperforming established baseline algorithms in this regard. Our findings underscore the critical need for robust defense mechanisms in FD settings to mitigate such adversarial threats. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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Habitat preference of the endangered Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog（Pelophylax porosus brevipodus）in paddy levees and fallow paddy fields of Kurashiki, Okayama, western Japan

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Ecology and Civil engineering 2023年第2期25卷 71-85页

作者： Tada, Masakazu Miyake, Yumi Nakashima, Yoshitaka Ito, Kunio Saito, Minoru Nakata, Kazuyoshi Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka Okayama Okayama700-8530 Japan Faculty of Environment Science and Technology Department of Environment Management Engineering Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka Okayama Okayama700-8530 Japan Kawasaki Senior High School Attached to Kawasaki Medical School 1661 Ikusaka Okayama Kurashiki710-0002 Japan Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences 1-1 Ohwashi Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8686 Japan

To clarify the environmental factors affecting the distribution of the endangered Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog（Pelophylax porosus brevipodus）in paddy levees and fallow paddy fields, we conducted field surveys at 23 study stations in Kurashiki, Okayama, western Japan. Based on the agricultural calendar in the study site, we set five investigation periods of 'before midsummer drainage', 'during midsummer drainage', 'after midsummer drainage', 'before harvest' and 'after harvest' between July and November 2017. In the paddy levees during the investigation periods between 'during midsummer drainage' and 'before harvest', the effects of physical environmental factors on the number of frog individuals collected were analyzed with generalized linear models（GLM）. The total number of individuals of P. p. brevipodus collected in the paddy levees during all the investigation periods was maximum before midsummer drainage, and decreased until after harvest. On the other hand, in the fallow paddy fields, the total number of frog individuals was maximum before midsummer drainage and then decreased until after midsummer drainage, but increased before harvest and then decreased after harvest. The results of GLM indicate that the coverage of plant stems, leaves and litter and coverage of prostrate plants have positive effects on the habitat preference of P. p. brevipodus. These results indicate that P. p. brevipodus utilizes not only paddy levees, but also fallow paddy fields as a habitat and that the habitat utilization is different between paddy levees and fallow paddy fields in relation to the agricultural calendar. Our results also indicate that coverage of vegetation in paddy levees should be more than 60% for conservation of populations of P. p. brevipodus. © 2023 Ecology and Civil engineering Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Levees

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Peak-Controlled Logits Poisoning Attack in Federated Distillation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Yuhan Zhang, Aoxu Wu, Zhiyuan Gao, Bo Wen, Tian Wang, Yuwei Sun, Sheng Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High-Speed Railway of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Center of Railway Traffic Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Federated Distillation (FD) offers an innovative approach to distributed machine learning, leveraging knowledge distillation for efficient and flexible cross-device knowledge transfer without necessitating the upload of extensive model parameters to a central server. While FD has gained popularity, its vulnerability to poisoning attacks remains underexplored. To address this gap, we previously introduced FDLA (Federated Distillation Logits Attack), a method that manipulates logits communication to mislead and degrade the performance of client models. However, the impact of FDLA on participants with different identities and the effects of malicious modifications at various stages of knowledge transfer remain unexplored. To this end, we present PCFDLA (Peak-Controlled Federated Distillation Logits Attack), an advanced and more stealthy logits poisoning attack method for FD. PCFDLA enhances the effectiveness of FDLA by carefully controlling the peak values of logits to create highly misleading yet inconspicuous modifications. Furthermore, we introduce a novel metric for better evaluating attack efficacy, demonstrating that PCFDLA maintains stealth while being significantly more disruptive to victim models compared to its predecessors. Experimental results across various datasets confirm the superior impact of PCFDLA on model accuracy, solidifying its potential threat in federated distillation systems. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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Structure-function insights into the dual role of African swine fever virus pB318L:A typical geranylgeranyl-diphosphate synthase and a nuclear import protein

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Virologica Sinica 2025年第2期40卷 236-246页

作者： Hai-Fan Zhao Ying Wang Xiao-Hong Liu Xian-Hui Liu Zhi Geng Zeng-Qiang Gao Li Huang Chang-Jiang Weng Yu-Hui Dong Heng Zhang School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China Ministry of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150040China College of Animal Science and National Engineering Center for Swine Breeding Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

African swine fever virus(ASFV)pB318L is an important protein for viral replication that acts as a membrane-bound trans-geranylgeranyl-diphosphate synthase(GGPPS)catalyzing the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate(IPP)with allylic *** we solved the crystal structure pB318L lacking N-terminal transmembrane region and performed a preliminary structural *** this study,structure-based mutagenesis study and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate(GGPP)production assay further revealed the key residues for the GGPPS *** comparison showed pB318L displays a strong similarity to typical GGPPSs instead of protein *** phylogenetic analysis indicated pB318L may share a common ancestor with the GGPPSs from Brassicaceae plants rather than from its natural *** subcellular localization analysis showed pB318L is localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm(including the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and mitochondria outer membrane).A unique N-terminal nuclear localization signal(NLS)following the transmembrane region was discovered in pB318L and the NLS was confirmed to be required for the nuclear *** further revealed the NLS plays an essential role in the interaction with nuclear transporter karyopherin subunit alpha 1(KPNA1).Their interaction may suppress signal transducers and activators of transcription 1(STAT1)translocation and subsequently competitively inhibit nuclear import of IFNstimulated gene factor 3(ISGF3)*** biochemical,structural and cellular analyses provide novel insights to pB318L that acts as an essential GGPPS that promotes viral replication and as a nuclear import protein that may be involved in immune evasion of ASFV.

关键词： African swine fever virus(ASFV) Prenyltransferase Geranylgeranyl-diphosphate synthase Crystal structure Nuclear localization signal Immune evasion

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Architecture of Internet of Things for EMU

Architecture of Internet of Things for EMU

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Power, Intelligent Computing and Systems, ICPICS 2021

作者： Liang, Jianying Liu, Tai Cui, Yulong Liu, Feng Crrc Qingdao Sifang Co. Ltd. Qingdao266111 China Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway Ministry of Education Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441308

With the diversification of train functions and the increase of transmission data, there are more and more subsystems and on-board equipment on the Electric Multiple Units (EMU). The needs of flexible networking and high scalability cannot be satisfied by way of wired network connection. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the EMU under the WLAN architecture and 5G technology architecture, and makes tests for network performance indicators. Based on the test results, the performance of the two network architectures IoT is compared in detail. The IoT based on 5G technology architecture is safer and reliable than the IoT based on wireless LAN architecture. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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Design and Operation Characteristics of the Horizontal Swirl Flood Discharge System 6

Design and Operation Characteristics of the Horizontal Swirl...

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6th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil engineering, ICHCE 2020

作者： Zhou, Heng Liu, Jing Di, Shengjie Lu, Xi Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China Xi'an Shanxi710065 China High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Management Branch National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology RandD Center Xi'an Shanxi710065 China

It is one of the effective methods to increase the reliability of flood discharge buildings with high water head and reduce the project cost to transform the diversion tunnel of temporary buildings into permanent spillway by using the horizontal swirl flood discharge system. Based on Gongboxia hydropower station and combined with prototype monitoring, this paper studies and analyzes the key points of shape layout, structural characteristics and operation effect of horizontal swirl flood discharge system, the results show that the horizontal swirl flood discharge system has strong adaptability to topographic and geological conditions, good energy dissipation effect and hydraulic characteristics, stable inlet and outlet flow pattern, stable cyclone cavity, no obvious signs of adverse negative pressure and cavitation erosion, no adverse structural vibration and dynamic response, and safe operation of the spillway tunnel. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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Stress and deformation analysis of high concrete faced sandy gravel dam on deep overburden layer 4

Stress and deformation analysis of high concrete faced sandy...

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4th International Symposium on Traffic Transportation and Civil Architecture, ISTTCA 2021

作者： Pan, Moyu Huang, Xubin Miao, Zhe Di, Shengjie Lu, Xi Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China Shaanxi Xi'an710065 China High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Management Branch National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology RandD Center Shaanxi Xi'an710065 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665425926

Based on double yield surface model, the deformation and stress states of key parts of high concrete faced sandy gravel dam at Chahanwusu, Xinjiang are calculated and analyzed. The results show that the law of the calculated results is consistent with measured results on the whole. The settlement of dam accounts for 0.54 % of dam height, and the ratio of overburden layer settlement to its thickness is 0.75%. The panels and diaphragm wall are mainly subjected to compression, with a small range of tension. This paper can provide guidance for the construction and design of extra high or high faced sandy gravel dam on deep overburden layer. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Deformation

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Research on optimize design of pile foundations in collapsible loess areas 6

Research on optimize design of pile foundations in collapsib...

引用

6th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil engineering, ICHCE 2020

作者： Di, Shengjie Lv, Jiaojiao Gao, Xujun Zhang, Ying Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China Xi'an Shaanxi710065 China High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Management Branch National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology RandD Center Xi'an Shaanxi710065 China

Collapsible loess has the poor characteristics of obvious strength reduction after being soaked by water. The construction of towering structure in western China is threatened by the unfavourable geological conditions of collapsible loess. This paper analyses the foundation treatment, pile foundation optimization design of the towering structure in collapsible loess areas, provide technical support for the construction of towering structure in collapsible loess areas. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pile foundations

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Research on the Selection and Optimization of Horizontal Swirling Energy Dissipation Flood Discharge Tunnel 3

Research on the Selection and Optimization of Horizontal Swi...

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2020 3rd International Symposium on Traffic Transportation and Civil Architecture, ISTTCA 2020

作者： Zhang, Ying Di, Shengjie Zhou, Heng Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China Xi'an Shaanxi710065 China High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Management Branch National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology RandD Center Xi'an Shaanxi710065 China

Through the study of the diameter control of the horizontal swirling efficiency shaft and the swirling tunnel and the cross-section of the aeration sill, a flood discharge tunnel with a scale of about 100 meters and a discharge volume of more than a thousand is obtained. The horizontal swirling energy dissipation type is combined with the diversion tunnel. At the time, the diameter of the shaft can be controlled and determined according to the average velocity of 15-20m/s;the diameter of the swirling hole can be calculated according to the empirical formula D=(Q2/g)0.2. In order to reduce the impact of water flow pulsation on the concrete lining and surrounding rock of the shaft, the flood discharge tunnel inlet should adopt a submerged flow pattern. Its discharge capacity will be controlled by the cross section (A) of the aeration sill in the shaft and the inlet section (σ) of the swirl chamber. When the slope of the aeration sill is 1:2.5 to 1:3.0, σ/A should be controlled at 1.05. The research results can provide a reliable basis for the design of horizontal swirling energy dissipation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Energy dissipation

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Design of Lining Structure of Horizontal Swirl Spillway Tunnel 6

Design of Lining Structure of Horizontal Swirl Spillway Tunn...

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6th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil engineering, ICHCE 2020

作者： Zhou, Heng Xing, Ruijiao Di, Shengjie Huang, Peng Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China Xi'an Shanxi710065 China High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Management Branch National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology RandD Center Xi'an Shanxi710065 China

In this paper, two methods of finite element and structural mechanics are used to study the design of the lining structure of the spillway tunnel, so that the design of each part of the spillway tunnel is economical, reasonable and safe. The finite element method is used to analyze the influence of the surrounding rock consolidation grouting, drainage holes, system bolts and the new and old concrete combination on the bearing capacity of the building. The results show that it is very necessary for the lining structure to be consolidated and grouted, to install system anchor rods and drainage holes. Inserting reinforcement for the old concrete lining is beneficial to improve the stability of the lining structure. Structural mechanics reinforcement can meet the safety and stability requirements of the lining structure. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Reinforcement

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