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Corrigendum to “performance test of the electromagnetic particle detectors for the LHAASO experiment” [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 1001 (2021) 165193]

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 2022年 1022卷

作者： F. Aharonian Q. An Axikegu L.X. Bai Y.X. Bai Y.W. Bao D. Bastieri X.J. Bi Y.J. Bi H. Cai J.T. Cai Z. Cao J. Chang J.F. Chang X.C. Chang B.M. Chen J. Chen X. Zuo University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place 2 Dublin Ireland National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China Max–Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O. Box 103980 69029 Heidelberg Germany State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei Anhui China School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University 610031 Chengdu Sichuan China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China College of Physics Sichuan University 610065 Chengdu Sichuan China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Chengdu Sichuan China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University 210023 Nanjing Jiangsu China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University 510006 Guangzhou Guangdong China School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan Hubei China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 210023 Nanjing Jiangsu China Hebei Normal University 050024 Shijiazhuang Hebei China

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Atroposelective Access to 1,3-Oxazepine-Containing Bridged Biaryls via Carbene-Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Imines

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第1期135卷

作者： Prof. Dr. Xing Yang Liwen Wei Yuelin Wu Prof. Dr. Liejin Zhou Dr. Xinglong Zhang Prof. Dr. Yonggui Robin Chi Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China) Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 P. R. China Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore 138632 Singapore Division of Chemistry & Mathematical Science School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Ministry of Education Guizhou University Huaxi District Guiyang 550025 P. R. China

We disclose herein an atroposelective synthesis of novel bridged biaryls containing medium-sized rings via N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis. The reaction starts with addition of the carbene catalyst to the aminophenol-derived aldimine substrate. Subsequent oxidation and intramolecular desymmetrization lead to the formation of 1,3-oxazepine-containing bridged biaryls in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. These novel bridged biaryl products can be readily transformed into chiral phosphite ligands. Preliminary density function theory calculations suggest that the origin of enantioselectivity arises from the more favorable frontier molecular orbital interactions in the transition state leading to the major product.

关键词： Atropisomerism Bridged Biaryls N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Organocatalysis Umpolung

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Preface

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CEUR Workshop Proceedings 2022年 3304卷

作者： Jia, Weijia Yin, Jian Hu, Shaolin Peng, Shaoliang Niu, Shaozhang Srinivasa Rao, P.C. Lu, Yao Mirsaeidi, Sohrab Cao, Bin Wu, Yilin Wang, Xingbo Subramaniyam, Kannimuthu Boddu, Raja Sarath Kumar Li, Zhonghua Tao, Qian Zhang, Lei Li, Yi Ding, Deqing Wang, Dahan Zhang, Ziyan AlShawabkeh, Mahmoud Aslam, Muhammad Dib, Omar Sahibuddin, Shamsul Bin Wagh, Sanjeev J. Pardalos, Panos M. Al-Sammarraie, Najeeb Abbas Liu, Linfeng Kong, Jin-Heung Borrego, Carlos Tahir, Sabeen Wu, Zhiheng Li, Jiongcheng Xu, Yong Xie, Zhi Wang, Jiahai Cai, Hongmin Yang, Yuedong Qin, Xiaolin Beijing Normal University Zhuhai China Sun Yat-sen University China Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology China Hunan University China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China India Beijing Jiaotong University China Hebei University of Technology China Guangdong University of Education China Foshan University China Karpagam College of Engineering India Lenora College of Engineerin India Yat-sen University Guangdong High Performance Computing Society China South China University of Technology China Henan University China Wenzhou University China National University of Defense Technology China Xiamen University of Technology China Hainan Tropical Ocean University China Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities China Wuhan University China Wenzhou-Kean University China School of Software Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Information Technology Government College of Engineering Karad India Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering University of Florida United States Al-Madinah International University Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Malaysia School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications China School of Computer and Information Engineering Kwangwoon University Korea Republic of Departament Enginyeria of Information Comunicacions Autonomous University of Barcelona Spain Information Technology Department King AbdulAziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Institute of Manufacturing GDAS China Guangdong Planning and Designing Institute of Telecommunications Co. Ltd China Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences China Cheng Du Information Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences Co. Ltd China

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Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO–Virgo Observing Run

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第24期126卷 241102-241102页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Auclair P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo S. Barnum F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. D LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illi

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO–Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10−15. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.

关键词： Cosmic strings & domain walls Gravitational waves

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Noise subtraction from KAGRA O3GK data using Independent Component Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Abe, H. Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Asada, H. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bae, Y. Bajpai, R. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Capocasa, E. Chan, M. Chen, C. Chen, D. Chen, K. Chen, Y. Chiang, C.-Y. Chu, Y.-K. Eguchi, S. Eisenmann, M. Enomoto, Y. Flaminio, R. Fong, H.K. Fujii, Y. Fujikawa, Y. Fujimoto, Y. Fukunaga, I. Gao, D. Ge, G.-G. Ha, S. Hadiputrawan, I.P.W. Haino, S. Han, W.-B. Hasegawa, K. Hattori, K. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, C. Ho, T.-C. Hsieh, B.-H. Hsieh, H.-F. Hsiung, C. Huang, H.-Y. Huang, P. Huang, Y.-C. Huang, Y.-J. Hui, D.C.Y. Ide, S. Inayoshi, K. Inoue, Y. Ito, K. Itoh, Y. Jeon, C. Jin, H.-B. Jung, K. Jung, P. Kaihotsu, K. Kajita, T. Kakizaki, M. Kamiizumi, M. Kanda, N. Kato, T. Kawaguchi, K. Kim, C. Kim, J. Kim, J.C. Kim, Y.-M. Kimura, N. Kiyota, T. Kobayashi, Y. Kohri, K. Kokeyama, K. Kong, A.K.H. Koyama, N. Kozakai, C. Kume, J. Kuromiya, Y. Kuroyanagi, S. Kwak, K. Lee, E. Lee, H.W. Lee, R. Leonardi, M. Li, K.L. Li, P. Lin, L.C.-C. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, E.T. Lin, F.-K. Lin, F.-L. Lin, H.L. Liu, G.C. Luo, L.-W. Ma'arif, M. Majorana, E. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyo, K. Miyoki, S. Mori, Y. Morisaki, S. Morisue, N. Moriwaki, Y. Nagano, K. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Nakano, M. Nakayama, Y. Narikawa, T. Naticchioni, L. Nguyen Quynh, L. Ni, W.-T. Nishimoto, T. Nishizawa, A. Nozaki, S. Obayashi, Y. Ogaki, W. Oh, J.J. Oh, K. Ohashi, M. Ohashi, T. Ohkawa, M. Ohta, H. Okutani, Y. Oohara, K. Oshino, S. Otabe, S. Pan, K.-C. Parisi, A. Park, J. Peña Arellano, F.E. Saha, S. Saito, Y. Sakai, K. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shikano, Y. Shimizu, H. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shishido, T. Shoda, A. Somiya, K. Song, I. Sugimoto, R. Suresh, J. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takano, S. Takeda, H. Takeda, M. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, T. Tanioka, S. Taruya, A. Graduate School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8551 Japan Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0032 Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Gravitational Wave Science Project Hirosaki University Aomori Hirosaki City036-8561 Japan Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Yuseong-gu Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of National Institute for Mathematical Sciences Yuseong-gu Daejeon34047 Korea Republic of Ibaraki Tsukuba City305-0801 Japan Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University Jonan Fukuoka Fukuoka City814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang University Danshui Dist. New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Department of Physics Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Physics Center for High Energy and High Field Physics National Central University Zhongli District Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS IN2P3 AnnecyF-74941 France Department of Astronomy The University of Tokyo Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Faculty of Engineering Niigata University Nishi-ku Niigata Niigata City950-2181 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka558-8585 Japan Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiao Hong Shan Wuhan430071 China Ulju-gun Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200030 China KAGRA Observatory The University of Tok

In April 2020, KAGRA conducted its first science observation in combination with the GEO 600 detector (O3GK) for two weeks. According to the noise budget estimation, suspension control noise in the low frequency band and acoustic noise in the middle frequency band are identified as the dominant contribution. In this study, we show that such noise can be reduced in offline data analysis by utilizing a method called Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Here the ICA model is extended from the one studied in iKAGRA data analysis by incorporating frequency dependence while linearity and stationarity of the couplings are still assumed. By using optimal witness sensors, those two dominant contributions are mitigated in the real observational data. We also analyze the stability of the transfer functions for whole two weeks data in order to investigate how the current subtraction method can be practically used in gravitational wave search. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data handling

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The GAPS program at TNG XLVII: The unusual formation history of V1298 Tau

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Turrini, D. Marzari, F. Polychroni, D. Claudi, R. Desidera, S. Mesa, D. Pinamonti, M. Sozzetti, A. Mascareño, A. Suárez Damasso, M. Benatti, S. Malavolta, L. Micela, G. Zinzi, A. Béjar, V.J.S. Biazzo, K. Bignamini, A. Bonavita, M. Borsa, F. Del Burgo, C. Chauvin, G. Delorme, P. Hernández, J.I. González Gratton, R. Hagelberg, J. Janson, M. Langlois, M. Lanza, A.F. Lazzoni, C. Lodieu, N. Maggio, A. Mancini, L. Molinari, E. Molinaro, M. Murgas, F. Nardiello, D. Inaf - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino via Osservatorio 20 Pino TorineseI-10025 Italy Icsc National Research Centre for High Performance Computing Big Data and Quantum Computing Via Magnanelli 2 Casalecchio di RenoI-40033 Italy Inaf - Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 RomaI-00133 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università di Padova Via Marzolo 8 PadovaI-35121 Italy Inaf - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5 PadovaI-35122 Italy Inaf - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste Via G. B. Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34143 Italy Inaf - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo Piazza del Parlamento 1 Palermo90134 Italy Space Science Data Center - Asi Via del Politecnico snc Roma00133 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Universidad de la Laguna Dept. Astrofísica Tenerife La LagunaE-38206 Spain Inaf - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Via Frascati 33 Monte Porzio CatoneI-00040 Italy School of Physical Sciences The Open University Walton Hall Milton KeynesMK7 6AA United Kingdom Supa Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Inaf - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via E. Bianchi 46 MerateI-23087 Italy Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica Luis Enrique Erro 1 Sta. Ma. Tonantzintla Puebla Mexico Universitè Côte d'Azur Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur Cnrs Laboratoire Lagrange Nice France Universitè Grenoble Alpes Cnrs Ipag Grenoble38000 France Geneva Observatory University of Geneva Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Department of Astronomy Stockholm University AlbaNova University Center Stockholm10691 Sweden Cral Umr 5574 Cnrs Université de Lyon Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d'Italie Lyon69364 Cedex 07 France Inaf - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania Via Santa Sofia 78 Catania95123 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Ex

Context. Observational data from space and ground-based campaigns reveal that the 10-30 Ma old V1298 Tau star hosts a compact and massive system of four planets. Mass estimates are available for the two outer giant planets and point to unexpectedly high densities for their young ages. Aims. We investigate the formation of these two outermost giant planets, V1298 Tau b and e, and the present dynamical state of V1298 Tau's global architecture to shed light on the history of this young and peculiar extrasolar system. Methods. We perform detailed N-body simulations to explore the link between the densities of V1298 Tau b and e and their migration and accretion of planetesimals within the native circumstellar disk. We combine N-body simulations and the normalized angular momentum deficit (NAMD) analysis of the architecture to characterize V1298 Tau's dynamical state and connect it to the formation history of the system. We search for outer planetary companions to constrain V1298 Tau's planetary architecture and the extension of its primordial circumstellar disk. Results. The high densities of V1298 Tau b and e suggest they formed quite distant from their host star, likely beyond the CO2snowline. The higher nominal density of V1298 Tau e suggests it formed farther out than V1298 Tau b. The current architecture of V1298 Tau is not characterized by resonant chains. Planet-planet scattering with an outer giant planet is the most likely cause for the instability, but our search for outer companions using SPHERE and GAIA observations can currently exclude only the presence of planets more massive than 2 MJ. Conclusions. The most plausible scenario for V1298 Tau's formation is that the system is formed by convergent migration and resonant trapping of planets born in a compact and plausibly massive disk. The migration of V1298 Tau b and e leaves in its wake a dynamically excited protoplanetary disk and naturally creates the conditions for the later breaking of the resonant chain

关键词： Stars

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Predicting Spring Phenology in Deciduous Broadleaf Forests: An Open Community Forecast Challenge

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wheeler, Kathryn I. Dietze, Michael C. LeBauer, David Peters, Jody Richardson, Andrew D. Thomas, R. Quinn Zhu, Kai Bhat, Uttam Munch, Stephan Buzbee, Raphaela Floreani Chenp, Min Goldstein, Benjamin Guo, Jessica S. Haoq, Dalei Jones, Chris Kelly-Fair, Mira Liup, Haoran Malmborg, Charlotte Neupane, Naresh Pal, Debasmita Ross, Arun A. Shirey, Vaughn Song, Yiluan Steen, McKalee Vance, Eric A. Woelmer, Whitney M. Wynne, Jacob Zachmann, Luke Department of Earth and Environment Boston University 685 Commonwealth Avenue BostonMA02215 United States Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Foothills Laboratory Bldg 4 3300 Mitchell Lane BoulderCO80301 United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Foothills Laboratory Bldg 4 3300 Mitchell Lane BoulderCO80301 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 15 Vassar St CambridgeMA02142 United States Arizona Experiment Station University of Arizona 1230 N Cherry Ave TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame 100 Galvin Notre DameIN46556 United States School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University 1295 Knoles Dr. FlagstaffAZ86011 United States Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona University PO Box 5620 FlagstaffAZ86011 United States Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University 310 West Campus Drive BlacksburgVA24061 United States Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University 926 West Campus Drive BlacksburgVA24061 United States Institute for Global Change Biology University of Michigan 440 Church Street Ann ArborMI48109 United States School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan 440 Church Street Ann ArborMI48109 United States Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95060 United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95060 United States Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley 4004 Valley Life Sciences Building University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of For

Accurate phenology models are important to predict how global climate change will continue to alter the timing of plant phenological events, such as spring greenup in deciduous broadleaf forests. While there is merit in long-term predictions, investigating how models can predict near-term (1– 35 days) canopy greenness throughout the spring allows us to validate performance and understanding now. The Ecological Forecasting Initiative’s NEON Forecasting Challenge, is an open challenge to the community to predict daily greenness values, measured through digital images collected by the PhenoCam Network at National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites. For the first round of the challenge, which is presented here, teams were tasked to forecast phenology at eight deciduous broadleaf sites. A total of 192,536 predictions were submitted, representing eighteen models, including a persistence and a day of year mean null models. We found that forecast skill was highest when forecasting earlier in the greenup curve compared to the end, for shorter lead times, for sites that greened up earlier, and when submitting forecasts during times other than near budburst. The models based on day of year historical mean had the highest predictive skill across the challenge period. In this first round of the challenge, by synthesizing across forecasts, we started to elucidate what factors affect the predictive skill of near-term phenology forecasts, which future rounds will continue to investigate. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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SPT clusters with DES and HST weak lensing. I. Cluster lensing and Bayesian population modeling of multiwavelength cluster datasets

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Physical Review D 2024年第8期110卷 083509页

作者： S. Bocquet S. Grandis L. E. Bleem M. Klein J. J. Mohr M. Aguena A. Alarcon S. Allam S. W. Allen O. Alves A. Amon B. Ansarinejad D. Bacon M. Bayliss K. Bechtol M. R. Becker B. A. Benson G. M. Bernstein M. Brodwin D. Brooks A. Campos R. E. A. Canning J. E. Carlstrom A. Carnero Rosell M. Carrasco Kind J. Carretero R. Cawthon C. Chang R. Chen A. Choi J. Cordero M. Costanzi L. N. da Costa M. E. S. Pereira C. Davis J. DeRose S. Desai T. de Haan J. De Vicente H. T. Diehl S. Dodelson P. Doel C. Doux A. Drlica-Wagner K. Eckert J. Elvin-Poole S. Everett I. Ferrero A. Ferté A. M. Flores J. Frieman J. García-Bellido M. Gatti G. Giannini M. D. Gladders D. Gruen R. A. Gruendl I. Harrison W. G. Hartley K. Herner S. R. Hinton D. L. Hollowood W. L. Holzapfel K. Honscheid N. Huang E. M. Huff D. J. James M. Jarvis G. Khullar K. Kim R. Kraft K. Kuehn N. Kuropatkin F. Kéruzoré S. Lee P.-F. Leget N. MacCrann G. Mahler A. Mantz J. L. Marshall J. McCullough M. McDonald J. Mena-Fernández R. Miquel J. Myles A. Navarro-Alsina R. L. C. Ogando A. Palmese S. Pandey A. Pieres A. A. Plazas Malagón J. Prat M. Raveri C. L. Reichardt J. Roberson R. P. Rollins A. K. Romer C. Romero A. Roodman A. J. Ross E. S. Rykoff L. Salvati C. Sánchez E. Sanchez D. Sanchez Cid A. Saro T. Schrabback M. Schubnell L. F. Secco I. Sevilla-Noarbe K. Sharon E. Sheldon T. Shin M. Smith T. Somboonpanyakul B. Stalder A. A. Stark V. Strazzullo E. Suchyta M. E. C. Swanson G. Tarle C. To M. A. Troxel I. Tutusaus T. N. Varga A. von der Linden N. Weaverdyck J. Weller P. Wiseman B. Yanny B. Yin M. Young Y. Zhang J. Zuntz University Observatory Faculty of Physics Universität Innsbruck Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik Technikerstr. 25/8 6020 Innsbruck Austria Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Gießenbachstr. 1 85748 Garching Germany Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 Brazil Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P. O. Box 500 Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford California 94305 USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom School of Physics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation University of Portsmouth Portsmouth PO1 3FX United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221 USA Physics Department 2320 Chamberlin Hall University of Wisconsin-Madison 1150 University Avenue Madison Wisconsin 53706-1390 USA Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia Illinois 60510-0500 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Missouri 5110 Rockhill Road Kansas City Missouri 64110 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University Coll

We present a Bayesian population modeling method to analyze the abundance of galaxy clusters identified by the South Pole Telescope (SPT) with a simultaneous mass calibration using weak gravitational lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We discuss and validate the modeling choices with a particular focus on a robust, weak-lensing-based mass calibration using DES data. For the DES Year 3 data, we report a systematic uncertainty in weak-lensing mass calibration that increases from 1% at z=0.25 to 10% at z=0.95, to which we add 2% in quadrature to account for uncertainties in the impact of baryonic effects. We implement an analysis pipeline that joins the cluster abundance likelihood with a multiobservable likelihood for the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect, optical richness, and weak-lensing measurements for each individual cluster. We validate that our analysis pipeline can recover unbiased cosmological constraints by analyzing mocks that closely resemble the cluster sample extracted from the SPT-SZ, SPTpol ECS, and SPTpol 500d surveys and the DES Year 3 and HST-39 weak-lensing datasets. This work represents a crucial prerequisite for the subsequent cosmological analysis of the real dataset.

关键词： Cosmological parameters Gravitational lenses Large scale structure of the Universe

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Population of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves through GWTC-3

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Physical Review X 2023年第1期13卷 011048-011048页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu P. F. de Alarcón S. Akcay S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier F. Antonini S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Universitat de les Illes Balears IAC3–IEEC E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli

We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc−3 yr−1 at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to (1+z)κ with κ=2.9−1.8+1.7 for z≲1. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from 1.2−0.2+0.1 to 2.0−0.3+0.3M⊙. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after the expected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out the existence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of 8.3−0.5+0.3 and 27.9−1.8+1.9M⊙. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary’s more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately 60M⊙, which would indicate the presence of a upper mass gap. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below χi≈0.25. While the majority of spins are preferentially aligned wi

关键词： Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves Gravitational wave detection

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Author Correction: Conserved regulatory switches for the transition from natal down to juvenile feather in birds

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 5367页

作者： Chih-Kuan Chen Yao-Ming Chang Ting-Xin Jiang ZhiCao Yue Tzu-Yu Liu Jiayi Lu Zhou Yu Jinn-Jy Lin Trieu-Duc Vu Tao-Yu Huang Hans I-Chen Harn Chen Siang Ng Ping Wu Cheng-Ming Chuong Wen-Hsiung Li Department of Pathology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA. Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan. The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan. Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan. Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan. Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen Guangdong China. International Cancer Center Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen Guangdong China. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen Guangdong China. Department of Life Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. National Applied Research Laboratories National Center for High-performance Computing Hsinchu Taiwan. Michigan Neuroscience Institute University of Michigan School of Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA. Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan. Department of Life Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan. Bioresource Conservation Research Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan. Department of Pathology Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA. cmchuong@usc.edu. Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan. whli@uchicago.edu. Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago Chicago IL USA. whli@uchicago.edu.

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