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Proceedings of the 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied computing

作者： Min-Jyun Wu Hsiang-Jui Lin Shih-Hao Hung Chi-Sheng Shih Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan High Performance and Scientific Computing (HPSC) Center National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Center of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706295

Point cloud data frames are critical, if not indispensable, for precise robot navigation and localization, but training the object detection models for them remains challenging. Many models require labeled 3D objects to train the model. However, the sparse and occluded 3D point cloud data make it difficult, if not impossible, to automate the labeling process. This work proposes a training framework to generate 3D labels on point clouds to tackle the aforementioned challenges. The proposed method takes advantage of the consecutive presence of the same object on different frames to automate the labeling process. The experimental results show that the unsupervised framework trains a robust model for 3D object detection. On the roadside data, the model archives 90.27% AP for scooters and 91.33% AP for cars. On nuScenes dataset, the framework demonstrates the detection precision doubles on IoU 0.25 and IoU 0.5 when the recalls remain similar, compared to the model trained by the MODEST framework.

关键词： computer systems organization

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Feasibility and synergies of aluminum electrolysis spent refractory material and graphene oxide for rubber modified asphalt mixture

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Construction and Building Materials 2025年 481卷

作者： Meng, Yongjun Huang, Jianjun Lai, Jun Li, Yixuan Pan, Zhongli Lu, Tenglong College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi University Guangxi Nanning530004 China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Guangxi Nanning530004 China Special Geological Highway Safety Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangxi Nanning530004 China National High-performance Computing Center Nanning Branch Guangxi Nanning530004 China

Aluminum electrolysis spent refractory material (SRM) is waste generated during the production process of the aluminum industry, containing a large amount of environmentally harmful fluorides, making its treatment and recycling extremely difficult. To achieve reliable recycling of SRM, this paper substitutes SRM for limestone mineral powder (LM) filler and introduces graphene oxide (GO) and waste crumb rubber (CR) as asphalt modifiers to prepare SRM asphalt mastic and LM asphalt mastic. The feasibility and synergies of SRM and GO in CR modified asphalt mastic and its mixture are studied through a series of macro and micro tests. The macroscopic test results show that SRM asphalt mastic has good high temperature stability, which is further reflected in the improvement of the asphalt mixture's resistance to high temperature rutting deformation, and when the SRM content is 50 %, the water damage resistance is enhanced, but SRM has an adverse effect on the low temperature crack resistance of the mixture. The microscopic test results show that the content of CaO and Al2O3 in SRM is greater than LM, which plays a role in enhancing the high temperature stability of asphalt mastic and resisting external deformation. There are more folds and gullies on the surface of both SRM and GO, which can adsorb free asphalt more effectively, but SRM does not react with asphalt. The fluorine ion adsorption test and leaching test show that the combined action of GO's adsorption and the encapsulation by asphalt effectively reduces the fluoride ion concentration in the leachate This study provides an effective method for the recycling of SRM, which is of great significance for the healthy and green development of the environment. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Mastic asphalt

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Measurement-Based Non-Stationary Markov Tapped Delay Line Channel Model for 5G-Railways

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xuejian He, Ruisi Yang, Mi Ding, Jianwen Chen, Ruifeng Gao, Shuaiqi Qi, Ziyi Zhang, Zhengyu Ai, Bo Zhong, Zhangdui School of Electronics and Information Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Henan High-Speed Railway Operation and Maintenance Engineering Research Center Zhengzhou451460 China Institute of Computing Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Ltd. Beijing100081 China

5G for Railways (5G-R) is globally recognized as a promising next-generation railway communication system designed to meet increasing demands. Channel modeling serves as foundation for communication system design, with tapped delay line (TDL) models widely utilized in system simulations due to their simplicity and practicality and serves as a crucial component of various standards like 3GPP. However, existing TDL models applicable to 5G-R systems are limited. Most fail to capture non-stationarity, a critical characteristic of railway communications, while others are unsuitable for the specific frequency bands and bandwidths of 5G-R. In this paper, a channel measurement campaign for 5G-R dedicated network is carried out, resulting in a measurement-based 5-tap TDL model utilizing a first-order two-state Markov chain to represent channel non-stationarity. Key model parameters, including number of taps, statistical distribution of amplitude, phase and Doppler shift, and state transition probability matrix, are extracted. The correlation between tap amplitudes are also obtained. Finally, accuracy of model is validated through comparisons with measurement data and 3GPP model. These findings are expected to offer valuable insights for design, optimization, and link-level simulation and validation of 5G-R systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov chains

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Quantum volunteer's dilemma

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Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 013104-013104页

作者： Dax Enshan Koh Kaavya Kumar Siong Thye Goh Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR) 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Republic of Singapore Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Republic of Singapore ASTAR Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC) Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR) 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Republic of Singapore United World College South East Asia East Campus 1 Tampines Street 73 Singapore 528704 Republic of Singapore Singapore Management University 81 Victoria St Singapore 188065 Republic of Singapore

The volunteer's dilemma is a well-known game in game theory that models the conflict players face when deciding whether to volunteer for a collective benefit, knowing that volunteering incurs a personal cost. In this work we introduce a quantum variant of the classical volunteer's dilemma, generalizing it by allowing players to utilize quantum strategies. Employing the Eisert-Wilkens-Lewenstein quantization framework, we analyze a multiplayer quantum volunteer's dilemma scenario with an arbitrary number of players, where the cost of volunteering is shared equally among the volunteers. We derive analytical expressions for the players' expected payoffs and demonstrate the quantum game's advantage over the classical game. In particular, we prove that the quantum volunteer's dilemma possesses symmetric Nash equilibria with larger expected payoffs compared to the unique symmetric Nash equilibrium of the classical game, wherein players use mixed strategies. Furthermore, we show that the quantum Nash equilibria we identify are Pareto optimal. Our findings reveal distinct dynamics in volunteer's dilemma scenarios when players adhere to quantum rules, underscoring a strategic advantage of decision making in quantum settings.

关键词： Nash equilibrium

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A Practical Scheduling Algorithm for Input-Buffered Switch

A Practical Scheduling Algorithm for Input-Buffered Switch

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2000 International Conference on Communication technology(WCC2000·ICCT2000)

作者： ZHANG Lisheng HAN Chengde Center of High Performance Computing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)0780363949

Input-buffering is preferentially used in high-speed commercial and experimental routers and switches. The cell scheduling algorithms are critical components in input-buffered *** have a significant impact on the throughput,stability and guaranteed quality of service(QOS) of input buffered *** Longest Queue First(LQF) algorithm can achieve 100%throughput for input-buffered switches,but is not starvation *** is,there are some queues will never be *** paper proposes a modified LQF algorithm called *** can achieve 100%throughput and is starvation free.

关键词： high-Speed Router Switch Input-buffering Scheduling Algorithm

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Enhancing Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PdHx@Pt Metallenes: Unveiling the Impact of Ligand Beyond Strain Effect

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Advanced Functional Materials 2025年

作者： Feng, Zhipeng Jiao, Dongxu Fan, Jinchang Qiu, Yu Ge, Xin Wang, Jiaqi Zhao, Xiao Zhang, Wei Zheng, Lirong Zhang, Lei Yu, Zhigen Zheng, Weitao Cui, Xiaoqiang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Electron Microscopy Center Jilin University No.2699 Qianjin Street Changchun130012 China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19 Yuquan Road Beijing100049 China College of Chemistry Jilin University No.2699 Qianjin Street Changchun130012 China Institute of High-Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research No.1 Fusionopolis Way Singapore138632 Singapore

Incorporating interstitial non-metal atoms within the crystal lattice of catalysts enables flexible modulation of their electronic structures and catalytic performances. However, the resulting induced tensile strain typically has a detrimental effect on oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. In this study, a series of PdHx@Pt metallenes with varying H/Pd ratios, where hydrogen atoms precisely modulate the strain and ligand effects on the Pt skin surface is reported. Notably, PdH0.35@Pt metallenes exhibit an extraordinary half-wave potential of 0.933 V and a mass activity (MA) of 7.36 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) for ORR, outperforming both Pd@Pt metallenes and commercial Pt/C catalysts. Control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a competitive relationship between strain and ligand effects across different H/Pd ratios, with a dominant positive ligand effect overcoming the negative strain effect at an H/Pd ratio of 0.35. This electronic structure modulation leads to an increased 5d electron density of the surface Pt and a downshift in the eg* band center, thereby weakening the adsorption of oxygen intermediates on the Pt skin surface and resulting in excellent ORR activity. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Ligands

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JSNPE: A Digital Superconducting Spiking Neural Processing Element

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IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2025年第4期35卷

作者： Jiang, Huilong Wang, Zhongqi Huang, Junying Chen, Gang Zhang, Zhimin Ye, Xiaochun Fan, Dongrui You, Lixing Shanghai Innovation Center for Processor Technologies High Throughput Processor Laboratory Shanghai201210 China Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology CAS National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai200050 China Institute of Computing Technology CAS State Key Lab of Processors Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institute of Semiconductors CAS Beijing100083 China

Superconducting electronic devices are considered a compelling candidate for designing neuromorphic hardware due to their similar behavioral characteristics. Previous works have shown high potential for applying them to design spiking neural networks (SNNs). However, convincing schemes remain lacking. This paper proposes a Josephson Junction (JJ)–based spiking neural processing element, JSNPE, a digital scheme composed of a neural and synaptic module. The neuron is a concise quasi-digital circuit with three JJs. It operates asynchronously and realizes the Integrate-and-Fire (IF) model. The synapse is a digital circuit constructed with superconducting rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) devices. Compared to previous designs, JSNPE facilitates network scalability, exhibits higher computational resolution, and enables easier weight configuration. To validate the design, we conducted inference tasks on the IRIS and MNIST datasets using WRspice simulation, with inference parameters obtained through software-based training. The analysis indicates that the inference network can achieve a classification accuracy of 96.7% on IRIS, while for MNIST, the classification accuracy for digit ‘0’ reached 94%. We also evaluated the performance and energy efficiency of JSNPE, demonstrating that JSNPE could achieve significant improvements in both metrics compared to CMOS designs. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Josephson junction devices

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Quantum tug of war between randomness and symmetries on homogeneous spaces

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Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 013105-013105页

作者： Rahul Arvind Kishor Bharti Jun Yong Khoo Dax Enshan Koh Jian Feng Kong Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR) 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Republic of Singapore Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC) Agency for Science Technology and Research (ASTAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Republic of Singapore

We explore the interplay between symmetry and randomness in quantum information. Adopting a geometric approach, we consider states as H equivalent if related by a symmetry transformation characterized by the group H. We then introduce the Haar measure on the homogeneous space U/H, characterizing true randomness for H-equivalent systems. While this mathematical machinery is well studied by mathematicians, it has seen limited application in quantum information. Our work addresses this gap, providing an example of utilizing homogeneous spaces to characterize symmetry in quantum information. This is followed by a discussion of approximations of true randomness, commencing with t-wise independent approximations and defining t designs on U/H and H-equivalent states. Transitioning further, we explore pseudorandomness, defining pseudorandom unitaries and states within homogeneous spaces. Finally, as a practical demonstration of our findings, we study the expressibility of quantum machine learning Ansätze in homogeneous spaces. Our work provides a fresh perspective on the relationship between randomness and symmetry in the quantum world.

关键词： Mathematical transformations

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high-performance computing environment: a review of twenty years of experiments in China

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National Science Review 2016年第1期3卷 36-48页

作者： Zhiwei Xu Xuebin Chi Nong Xiao Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Supercomputer Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology

A high-performance computing environment, also known as a supercomputing environment, e-Science environment or cyberinfrastructure, is a crucial system that connects users’ applications to supercomputers,and provides usability, eiciency, sharing, and collaboration capabilities. his review presents important lessons drawn from China’s nationwide eforts to build and use a high-performance computing environment over the past 20 years(1995–2015), including three observations and two open problems. We present evidence that such an environment helps to grow China’s nationwide supercomputing ecosystem by orders of magnitude, where a loosely coupled architecture accommodates diversity. An important open problem is why technology for global networked supercomputing has not yet become as widespread as the Internet or Web. In the next 20 years, high-performance computing environments will need to provide zetalops computing capability and 10 000 times beter energy eiciency, and support seamless human-cyber-physical ternary computing.

关键词： cyberinfrastructure e-Science environment middleware supercomputing

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APP: Enabling Soft Real-Time Execution on Densely-Populated Hybrid Memory System 23

APP: Enabling Soft Real-Time Execution on Densely-Populated ...

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Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference

作者： Zheng-Wei Wu Yun-Chih Chen Yuan-Hao Chang Tei-Wei Kuo Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University and Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer Science and NTU High Performance and Scientific Computing Center National Taiwan University

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

Memory swapping was considered slow and evil, but swapping to Ultra Low-Latency storage like Optane has become a promising solution to save power and cost, helping densely-populated edge server to overcome its DRAM capacity bottleneck. However, the lack of integration between CPU scheduling and memory paging causes soft real-time tasks running on edge servers to miss deadlines under heavy memory multiplexing. We propose APP (Adaptive Page Pinning), lightweight protection of working set memory to ensure meeting soft real-time task deadlines without starving other non-real-time tasks. Experiments show that APP alleviates thrashing in memory-intensive tasks and upholds soft real-time task deadlines.

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